August 8, 9, & 10 2025 The Ides of Hecate

    On this Full Moon the Ides of Hecate falls, opening gates of vision at the crossroads and through bodies of water called the Mirror of Diana, Diana being the name of Artemis, Selene, and Hecate together as aspects of one goddess.

   Herein I include a general introduction to Hecate written by the founder of the Covenant of Hecate, Sorita d’Este; her website has an Ides of Hecate ritual for those who wish.

    For myself it’s a bit light on the combat sports which are at the heart of the Hecatean Ides, and the ritual hunt which follows as hunting dogs, spears, arrows, and other tools of hunting are forbidden use and made ready during this time, and the Firedance or art of fighting with a flaming whip or rope dart which is its signature. Historically this would have been chariot whips, or rope on sailing ships, though pugil sticks with torch ends would do nicely, and modern Firedance is straight up Shao Lin rope dart techniques.

     The central mythos is the battle between the priest of Hecate and his challenger for kingship during the coming year, much like tigers fight annually to determine territory. This was between escaped slaves, and materially benefitted ancient society by conserving the bloodlines of the greatest of warriors and hunters who would be wed to representatives of the goddess for the next year; also a way to relieve pressure in a slave raiding society and class system as any slave able to escape and dethrone the current ruler could become king. In other words, the ladies choose husbands by letting the men fight it out amongst themselves; the sporting games conducted during the Ides of Hecate were nonlethal contests unlike that of the trial by battle for kingship. I speculate that this was a universal origin of sports, a proving ground of mate selection which also regulated social hierarchy. Knights were still jousting for a lady’s favor until modern times, and cheerleaders still rooting for their team in schools throughout America.

     So for myself, a proper Ides of Hecate puts feats of skill, strength, endurance, and speed and contests at arms front and center, offerings and sacrifices to a representative of the goddess to prove oneself worthy of her favor. This might presage a hierosgamos of some kind, and be followed by a Hunt and the offering of a feast.

      Another notable feature of the festival of Hecate is the use of bodies of water as The Mirror of Diana or a gateway to other worlds, a parallel to how one would use a crossroads, one of Hecate’s titles being “of the Crossroads”, to enter the realm of the dead through ecstatic trance and visionary rites. This associates her with Legba in Voodoo, a Guardian of the Gates figure, with necromancy and demon summoning magic, and with transformative magic and  werewolves as figures of the wildness of nature and the wildness of ourselves.

     Life is full of Rashomon Gate events, all of which may be considered crossroads, relative truths in which possible futures are created and destroyed by our choices, fates mediated by Hecate as a figure of change and poetic vision as the reimagination and transformation of our possibilities of becoming human.

     Therefore I include rites of ecstatic trance, vision quests, and dreamwork in my repertoire of Hecatean celebrations, along with contests, feasts, and the practice of joy.

      Last I mention her role as Luciferia, the Lightbringer who in the thousands of years later mythos of Christianity was conflated with the serpent of Eden, read into the story of the Nephilim or Fallen angels in the Book of Enoch, and emerges fourteen hundred years later in Milton’s magnificent Paradise Lost as the rebel angel Satan, and having switched genders though originally she is also a shapechanger so this should not disturb us. Her original masculine parallel was Prometheus, thief of the fire of the gods and ally of humankind against powers beyond our control and the tyranny of amoral and sometimes hostile gods, forces, systems of oppression, and Authority.

      As a guardian and guide of the soul who like Virginia Woolf’s time traveling immortal Orlando can change gender, Hecate may be most familiar to us through this novel as well as Herman Hesse’s Demian and The Red Book of Carl Gustave Jung under the name of Abraxas, the Gnostic Infinite who is both good and evil and beyond good and evil, a Union of Opposites which includes the masculine and feminine halves of our souls.

      The story of Hecate as a legacy of our history is one of demonization of all that is Good, True, and Beautiful in us, a history of civilization as war on nature  and on human nature, of systems of oppression in service to power and our falsification, commodification, and dehumanization by those who would enslave us and steal our souls. But we can take our power back by embracing our monstrosity and reclaiming our wildness, by transgression of the Forbidden, violation of our normalities and other people’s ideas of virtue as submission to Authority, most especially refusal to submit, to believe, or to obey, things which I count as sacred acts in pursuit of truths immanent in nature and written in our flesh.

     If like myself you prefer to run amok and be ungovernable to subjugation by Authority, seizures of power and liberation struggle to tyranny and systems of oppression, and practice the violation of normalities, transgression of the Forbidden, and defiance of other people’s ideas of virtue and of authorized identities and their enforcers in the state as embodied violence, if you live the truths written in your flesh as a sacred calling in pursuit of truth, you may find kinship with the figure of Hecate the Lightbringer.

     As written by Sorita d’Este in the Covenant of Hecate’s site; ”Our journey towards understanding this festival starts at Lake Nemi, Italy.

     The Speculum Dianae

     At Lake Nemi stood and was celebrated perhaps the most important temple and festival of the Goddess Diana, a goddess who is never far from the centre in the modern Pagan witchcraft revival: Diana is the goddess of Leland’s 1892 Aradia: Gospel of the Witches.  Diana is named in documents linked to the European Witchcraft trials too, for example, King James I of England’s Daemonoloy in 1597 this discussion about Diana and the Faeries we read:

     “That fourth kinde of spirites, which by the Gentiles was called Diana, and her wandring court, and amongst vs was called the Phairie (as I tould you) or our good neighboures, was one of the sortes of illusiones that was rifest in the time of Papistrie: for although it was holden odious to Prophesie by the deuill, yet whome these kinde of Spirites carryed awaie, and informed, they were thought to be sonsiest and of best life. …”

      Diana’s legacy is enduring and permeates the magical revival.

     Lake Nemi was known as Speculum Dianae (The Mirror of Diana) by the Romans, both because this was a sacred place of Diana’s and because the Moon – associated with Diana – reflected so beautifully in the lake.

Here Diana Nemorensis (Diana of the woodlands) was celebrated. Stratius wrote describing this, saying that:

     “It is the season when the most scorching region of the heavens takes over the land and the keen dog-star Sirius, so often struck by Hyperion’s sun, burns the gasping fields.  Now is the day with Trivia’s Arician grove, convenient for fugitive kings, grows smoky, and the lake, having guilty knowledge of Hippolytus, glitters with the reflection of a multitude of torches; Diana herself garlands the deserving hunting dogs and polishes the arrowheads and allows the wild animals to go in safely, and at virtuous hearths all Italy celebrates the Hecatean Ides…”

     Lake Nemi was also named Speculum Dianae (Mirror of Diana) by Virgil and was a wealthy centre where Diana was worshipped as a goddess for at least 1000 years.   Here Diana was served by the Rex Nemorensis (King of the Woods) who was both Priest and guardian to the temple, fulfilling an important role of office, one which started and ended with bloodshed.  The British historian Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859) in his translation of The Battle of Lake Regillus poetically describes Lake Nemi and the cruel reality of its priest:

     “From the still glassy lake that sleeps

Beneath Aricia’s trees–

Those trees in whose dim shadow

The ghastly priest doth reign,

The priest who slew the slayer,

And shall himself be slain.”

     Strabo’s The Geography provides us with further insights on the Rex Nemorensis telling us that the position of priest was held by a man who was a run-away slave, who having successfully attacked and killed his predecessor, took his place as King of the Woods. As a result the serving priest was always armed with a sword and on the look-out for would-be attackers in order to defend his life and his position. Thus the Priest-King of Diana was a hunter who was hunted in turn, a King who had to prove him-self to be the best against each challenger in order to maintain his position as servant and guardian to the goddess.

     Diana, like Hekate and Artemis, was depicted and described as a virgin goddess.

      Like Artemis – and on occasion Hekate – she is depicted or described as a huntress.

      All three of these goddesses had significant links to childbirth and the well being of women during conception and pregnancy.  All three are associated with the Moon and depicted with dogs.  It really is rather complicated separating them from each other completely!

     Curiously, the festival known as the Nemoralia was also known as the Hecatean Ides; and though at this time we know very little about it there was a festival celebrated that the Temple of Hekate at Lagina which also took place during the Ides of August. The poet Ausonius remarks in his Idyll, that the Ides of August is dedicated to Hekate of Latonia [Leto]: “Sextiles Hecate Latonia vindicat Idus.” (for more see the 4th century CE Idyll 5.23).

     Nemoralia or the Hecatean Ides

     We don’t have information to prove exactly when this festival started, but it might have been as early – or earlier – than the 6th century BCE.  The “Ides” of a month are the middle days, usually the 13th to the 16th, which are why these are the dates still celebrated today.  While this is not technically wrong, the calendar dates during the Roman period would have been calculated by the Moon, rather than a fixed calendar of days – so this would have corresponded to the Full Moon period, as the first of the month was marked by the New Moon.  Today it is typically the 13th or 16th of August that is celebrated.

     The historical festival lasted for three days.  People travelled from all over the region, often on foot.  Torches were lit, participants wore wreaths and also tied string to trees near the water – all of it with offerings of song and prayer.  Votive tablets (tabella) and objects representing body parts that needed healing were also brought to the site and left, presumably with prayers.

     The lake and temples at Nemi enjoyed the attention of treasure hunters for many centuries, including the excavations of 2 full-sized ships (in fact very large considering they were both on a small inland lake with no access to water ways) which were – seemingly deliberately sunk (possibly as offerings, but there are also other theories) during the Roman period.  These ships were excavated and put on display during the early part of the 20th century, but as a result of WWII work stopped and most of the finds, including the ships, went up in flames on the 31st of May 1944.  Reports on who was responsible for the fire vary, but the museum was hit by US army shells aimed at getting Nazi occupiers to leave the area two hours before it went up in flames.  Either way, a lot of information has been lost forever as a result.

    The use the ships had are a matter of debate, it is very possible that one or both functioned as floating temples, they were built during the reign of the Emperor Caligula who favoured some of the Isian cults (of the Greco-Egyptian Isis) and that of Diana at Nemi.  Like other Romans of his time he equated the two goddesses through a process called interpretatio romano, a way through which the culture and gods of another place were understood from a Roman perspective – not all deities were considered equal, but those with significantly similar qualities or origins were equated.  Of course both Isis and Diana were also equated to Hekate in this way.

     More work is being done to record and document what is left of the site in recent years, and hopefully we will be able to learn more from the work being done here and elsewhere to document finds.

     Hekate & Diana

     Although the goddesses Diana and Hekate at first appear to be quite different, when we scratch the surface we find that they are intrinsically tangled. For the Romans Diana was also Trivia (Of the Three ways – Latin) like Hekate was Trioditis (Of the Three ways / roads – Greek). Diana was a triple goddess, worshipped as Artemis-Selene-Hekate, so much that a triple image of a goddess appeared on the coins in the local region. 

     I hope to hear about your celebrations and suggestions, and leave you with this verse from Ben Johnston (1573-1637):

Hymn to Diana

QUEEN and huntress, chaste and fair,

    Now the sun is laid to sleep,

Seated in thy silver chair,

    State in wonted manner keep:

        Hesperus entreats thy light,

        Goddess excellently bright.

Earth, let not thy envious shade

    Dare itself to interpose;

Cynthia’s shining orb was made

    Heaven to clear when day did close:

        Bless us then with wished sight,

        Goddess excellently bright.

Lay thy bow of pearl apart,

    And thy crystal-shining quiver;

Give unto the flying hart

    Space to breathe, how short soever:

        Thou that mak’st a day of night—

        Goddess excellently bright.

With many blessings for your celebrations, Sorita d’Este

Fire Dance  (Shao Lin rope dart, with fire)

     If anyone films their duels with such, or you hold flaming pugil stick fight day in your platoon, I want to see the video.

Tutorials on flexible weapons

 Flow Mayhem, Sam Tobey’s videos

https://www.youtube.com/@FlowMayhem

Bad Moon Rising, version sung by Catherine Zeta-Jones and Billie Piper

Wednesday Season Two

Sorita d’Este

www.soritadeste.com

IG & FB @soritadeste”

https://www.hekatecovenant.com/post/hekate-s-august-feast-the-hecatean-ides

Circle for Hekate by Sorita d’Este.  For the history and mythology lovers, this books provides an overview of Hekate’s place in mythology, her places of worship, her symbols and place next to the other gods and goddesses. 

                      References

Tales from Ovid: 24 Passages from the Metamorphoses, by Ted Hughes (Translator), Ovid

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/133951.Tales_from_Ovid

Hesiods Theogony: from Near Eastern Creation Myths to Paradise Lost,

 by Stephen Scully

Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained, by John Milton, Christopher Ricks (Annotations)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/336518.Paradise_Lost_and_Paradise_Regained

The Books of Enoch, The Book of Giants, Joseph B. Lumpkin commentary and translations

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35675694-the-books-of-enoch-the-book-of-giants

Prometheus Bound & Prometheus Unbound, by Aeschylus, Percy Bysshe Shelley

Orlando, Virginia Woolf

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18839.Orlando?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_7

The Red Book: Liber Novus, C.G. Jung

Rashomon Effects: Kurosawa, Rashomon and Their Legacies

by Blair Davis (Editor), Robert Anderson (Editor), Jan Walls (Editor)

Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson,

Camille Paglia

Witches, Witch-Hunting, and Women, by Silvia Federici

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/39090931-witches-witch-hunting-and-women

October 2 2024 A New Moon Rises, and With It A New Hope: Festival of the Rebel Angel Lucifer

August 8 2025 On This International Cat Day, Let Us Bring the Chaos, Run Amok, and Be Ungovernable

     Cats do not obey; this is the most important truth about what it means to be a cat, and why I love them.

     Non Serviam, as Milton’s rebel angel declares.

     The second most important thing about being a cat is their inherently pluralistic and ambiguous nature; dual aspected figures of both Maat, Egyptian goddess of motherhood and nurturance, but also a lioness and fierce hunter and protector in her form as Sekmet.

     These are the defining terms and limits of the taxonomy and identity of cats; playful and purring, hedonistic and boundlessly loving, whose games are those of an ambush predator with sabre like claws hidden in the soft paws which knead us into nests to dream upon.

    Humans and cats have evolved together and shaped one another in partnership since the pyramids of Egypt, where their role was to guard our dreams from nightmares, demons, hungry ghosts and other symbolized and archetypal threats and legacies of our history. This is why to dream with their chosen human is the greatest joy and signifier of status among cats, with grooming and the offering of food close seconds.

     As artifacts of this partnership cats have a complex culture which includes trade languages used only to communicate with humans, songs which must be learned from other cats and which are proof not only of sentience and sapient intelligence but also of culture.

      So we have taught them how to interact and communicate with us; what have we learned from them?

     From the independence and agency of cats we have become unique individuals, emerged from group identity, and forged souls or persona, a word which originates with the theatrical mask of Greek drama as roles we perform in the construction of ourselves. As Julian Jaynes teaches us in The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, the birth of the human arrives with the silence of the gods.

     From cats as figures of the wildness of nature and the wildness of ourselves we learn to inhabit our bodies, claim ourselves, and embrace those truths written in our flesh.

      Part of this essential wildness is that each and every cat bears within it a Great Cat; both the behavior and genetics of cats is nearly identical to that of wild tigers. There is less genetic drift between our cats and tigers than there is between different breeds of dogs.

     All cats are trophy hunters, like ourselves; my partner Dolly tells of her finding a circle of mouse skulls under a building on her childhood family farm, exactly like the lions in the great film The Ghost and the Darkness who artfully displayed human remains in their den, and like those in the cave of a tiger with whom I danced in Burma long ago. In this too we humans and cats are much alike.

     A cat may claim you as a family member by touching noses or enjoy the mutual grooming rituals of being petted or swirling your hair with its sandpaper tongue, but we do not own them, nor they us.

      One can immediately identify potential friends and partners who do not wish to impose their own agency upon ours, to dominate, control, and own, by a preference for cats.

      As we are taught in the film Breakfast at Tiffanys, the difference as a border of identity and an interface of connection between owning each other and belonging to each other is both a ground of revolutionary struggle and a space of free creative play.

      I have practiced dancing the cat inside as martial arts for fifty years now, first as Northern Shao Lin Tiger and Leopard and related or successor styles Hung Gar and elements of Choy Li Fut, and for three decades as Raja Harimau Silat which hybridizes Chinese, Arab, Indian, and indigenous influences. These include Peranakan or Straits Chinese arts, mainly of the Hokkien speaking diaspora in Singapore and Malaysia, especially the Fujian Crane, Southern Snake modeled on the pit viper which I studied in Georgetown Penang at the Snake Temple, all of which are referred to locally as Kuntao meaning Chinese fighting arts and includes BaGua, Tai Chi, and in Penang the Chu family Shao Lin Phoenix styles unchanged from their origins. Much of Kuntao looks like Wing Chun, which shares common origins. Like escrima and kali in the Phillipines, the influence of European sword and dagger fighting on Silat is immense. Silat still uses the sacred weapon of the Hindu dynasty of Java, the flame-bladed Kris, made of Damascus steel and often with gold fittings, a caste indicator and claim of identity and part of the pan-Hindu diaspora cult of the Rakshasa weretiger demons.  

     All of these influences and layers of history are embedded into the Raja Harimau art I learned from the Minangkabau people of Sumatra with whom I once lived, based on direct observation of wild tigers in nature, and is pervasive throughout the Islamic diaspora among Indonesian and Malay Silat fighting arts propagated by Sufi warrior brotherhoods including my own Naqshbandi order.  

     You may recognize its unique karambit knife which mimics the dewclaw of a tiger from Mazakine’s knives in the telenovela Lucifer. It is used reversed gripped in the manner of an Omani Khanjar and made ubiquitous by Arab sailors as both a rigger’s tool and weapon, sharp on the inner curve, as a weapon of surprise, stealth, leverage, and deceptive curving angles of movement. A Silat warrior can dissect an enemy with it in closing during ambush or counterattack, or as a ground fighting and grappling weapon, where the karambit has special advantages of angle, like a tiger with its prey. Silat also has the defining characteristic of using gamelon music to set the timing for sparring matches.      

     Harimau Silat became the tribal art of the Bugis people who are the main seafaring and shipbuilding tribe of the region, and came to Penang in the 1800’s with an exiled prince who changed its name to Silat Seni Gayong and made it a national art of Malaysia centered on the sacred Kris sword. I’ve practiced with Bugis sailors with whom I raided slave ships to free their captives, in Georgetown on the island of Penang which I made my home port during that time, and in Sumatra after being castaway in a storm in the Mentawai Islands and building an outrigger sailboat to reach the main port of Padaung several hours across open seas, and the differences among these three variants of the art were negligible.  

     As the idea of the cat is for myself bound together with martial arts as resistance and liberation struggle, freedom, wildness, and sovereignty, it has become both a symbol and praxis of seizures of power from Authority.

     Freedom and wildness as states of being define the cat, and signpost its power as an archetypal figure of ourselves as Unconquered beings and as Living Autonomous Zones. And its praxis has political implications, which is why cats were demonized by the Church as familiars of witches, a witch being nothing more or less than a human who owns themselves and submits to nothing; no gods and no masters as Blanqui and Kropotkin popularized the Anarchist motto in the 1880’s, whose symbols include Le Chat Noir.

     We are familiar with the poster created in 1896 for the world’s first nightclub in Montmarte, its true meaning and significance has become obscure; for Le Chat Noir was the secret meeting place of the Anarchists.  

      Herein I imagine anarchism as an art of total freedom in the context of the Anarchist Trilogy of William S. Burroughs, who was among the literati collected by my father and a kind and wise mentor of my childhood.

      The Cat Inside, first of Burrough’s Anarchist Trilogy, is a delightful and precious allegory of freedom and rebellion, a meditation on values which extends Nietzsche’s analysis of master- slave psychology to a philosophy of anarchist liberation, and references Nietzsche’s interpreters Nikos Kazantzakis, Karl Jaspers, Maurice Blanchot, C.G. Jung, and Gilles Deleuze. Burroughs wrote it in direct reply to Dr Suess’ reimagination of the god of Chaos, a variant of whose name I bear, Janus, as The Cat in the Hat, also influenced by Soseki’s hilarious, strange, and uncategorizable novel of Japan The Cat Inside.

      The Revised Boy Scout Manual, second of the trilogy, is a brilliant parody and a manual of anarchist revolt and liberation from systems of oppression. Along with T.E. Lawrence’s Seven Pillars of Wisdom and the works of Mao and Che Guevara, it is among the finest classics of direct action and guerrilla warfare one might consult. I believe he wrote some of it, being a collection of recorded spoken word poetry, for me when I was an actual Boy Scout. I do hope I have made good use of his wisdom in making mischief for tyrants and revolutionary struggle.

     The Wild Boys envisions feral youths in rebellion against the Authority that created them, a dystopian future in which man’s animal nature has been  betrayed by civilization but which also has the power to redeem him, the final part of his Anarchist trilogy which extends his recurrent theme of werewolves as symbolic of our essential wildness and unconquerable nature and a type of Nietzschean Superman; beyond good and evil. As he wrote it during the period of his visits, I have often wondered how much of it was drawn from my father’s ideas and the claim of our family history that we are not human but werewolves, with the blood of ancient terrors, and had been driven out of Europe for that reason; Martin Luther referred to my ancestors as Brides of the Dragon, and we were driven out of Bavaria in 1586 at the beginning of a forty-four year period of witchcraft persecutions. He was writing it during the Stonewall Riots, which may be a more direct context as a fictionalization of the witness of history. It is also filled with episodes from the glory days of his youth and set in Mexico and Morocco as imaginal realms; the Surrealist transcendence of dreams and ecstatic vision and the degradation of H.G. Wells’ The Island of Doctor Moreau here mingle and intertwine.

     When I asked him, at the age of ten or eleven, if I was in his book and what he was writing about, he said; “Freedom, nature as truth and civilization as addiction to wealth and power and theft of the soul, and how our pasts get mixed up with our futures.”

     The Wild Boys reimagines The Egyptian Book of the Dead, of which his fellow Surrealist and poet Philip Lamantia was a scholar, also the subject of his final novel The Western Lands as is H. P. Lovecraft’s The Dream Quest of Unknown Kadath which was among its direct  models, references Octave Mirbeau, Celine, Bataille, Genet, and extends de Sade and Rousseau’s ideal of the natural man as uncorrupted by civilization and unlimited by its boundaries, as truths immanent in nature and written in our flesh, in a reversal of Freud’s ideology of civilization as restraint of our nature which he so deliciously called “polymorphosly perverse”. David Bowie created his character of Ziggy Stardust based on The Wild Boys; here dance Bataille’s cult of Nietzsche and Lovecraft’s gods of madness.

      All true art exalts and defiles.

      Let us embrace the wildness of nature, and the wildness of ourselves.

      On this International Cat Day, let us bring the Chaos, run amok, and be Ungovernable

Tournée du Chat Noir de Rodolphe Salis, Théophile Alexandre Steinlen 1896

“The Cat Inside” film narrated by WSB

The Cat Inside, William S. Burroughs

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/257498.The_Cat_Inside?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_14

Here is the link to my FB album Cats of Dollhouse Park

The Surprising Story of the Cat-Obsessed Artist Behind the Famed ‘Le Chat Noir’ Poster: We take a closer look at an artist whose passion for house cats was rivaled only by his passion for workers’ liberation.

https://news.artnet.com/art-world/theophile-alexandre-steinlen-tournee-du-chat-noir-2417712

The Ghost and the Darkness film trailer

William S. Burroughs’ “The Revised Boy Scout Manual”: An Electronic Revolution, William S. Burroughs

The Wild Boys: A Book of the Dead, William S. Burroughs

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/23930.The_Wild_Boys?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_13

The Cat in the Hat, Dr. Seuss

I Am a Cat, Natsume Sōseki

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/62772.I_Am_a_Cat?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_10

The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, Julian Jaynes

The Island of Dr. Moreau, H.G. Wells

Harimau Silat

            Anarchy, a reading list

On Anarchism, by Noam Chomsky

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22558046-on-anarchism

We Do Not Fear Anarchy—We Invoke It: The First International and the Origins of the Anarchist Movement, by Robert Graham

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/23282125-we-do-not-fear-anarchy-we-invoke-it

Black Flame: The Revolutionary Class Politics of Anarchism and Syndicalism

by Michael Schmidt (Goodreads Author), Lucien Van Der Walt

Cartography of Revolutionary Anarchism, by Michael Schmidt

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/16057170-cartography-of-revolutionary-anarchism

Anarchism, by Daniel Guérin, Noam Chomsky (Introduction)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/51624.Anarchism

Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism, by Peter H. Marshall

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/880355.Demanding_the_Impossible

Communal Luxury: The Political Imaginary of the Paris Commune, by Kristin Ross

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22716641-communal-luxury

On Anarchism, by Mikhail Bakunin, Sam Dolgoff (Editor/Translator)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/203890.On_Anarchism

The Method of Freedom: An Errico Malatesta Reader

by Errico Malatesta (Editor), Paul Sharkey (Translation), Davide Turcato (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/17675098-the-method-of-freedom

Property is Theft!: A Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Anthology

by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Iain Mckay (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9482965-property-is-theft

Direct Struggle Against Capital: A Peter Kropotkin Anthology

by Pyotr Kropotkin, Iain Mckay (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/17675240-direct-struggle-against-capital

Mutual Aid, by Pyotr Kropotkin

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/51306.Mutual_Aid

An Anarchist FAQ, Vol. 1, by Iain Mckay

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2626552-an-anarchist-faq-vol-1

An Anarchist FAQ: Volume 2, by Iain Mckay (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13592232-an-anarchist-faq

The Spanish Anarchists: The Heroic Years 1868-1936, by Murray Bookchin

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/312964.The_Spanish_Anarchists

The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy

by Murray Bookchin

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/312960.The_Ecology_of_Freedom

Manifesto of the Democratic Civilization Series, by Abdullah Öcalan

https://www.goodreads.com/series/246784-manifesto-of-the-democratic-civilization

Possibilities: Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion, and Desire, by David Graeber

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/978934.Possibilities

Revolutions in Reverse: Essays on Politics, Violence, Art, and Imagination,

by David Graeber

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13048162-revolutions-in-reverse

The Democracy Project: A History, a Crisis, a Movement, by David Graeber

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13330433-the-democracy-project

Direct Action: An Ethnography, by David Graeber

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2543048.Direct_Action

Revolutions in Reverse: Essays on Politics, Violence, Art, and Imagination,

by David Graeber

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13048162-revolutions-in-reverse

Anarchism and Its Aspirations, by Cindy Milstein

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6919727-anarchism-and-its-aspirations

Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas, Volume 1: From Anarchy to Anarchism (300CE-1939), by Robert Graham (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/168902.Anarchism

The Emergence of the New Anarchism (1939-1977) (Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas, Volume Two), by Robert Graham (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6548316-the-emergence-of-the-new-anarchism-1939-1977

Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas, Volume 3: The New Anarchism (1974-2012), by Robert Graham (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6473171-anarchism

                       Guerilla War, a reading list

On Guerrilla Warfare, Mao Zedong

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/113625.On_Guerrilla_Warfare

Guerrilla Warfare, Ernesto Che Guevara

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/153117.Guerrilla_Warfare

Fundamentals Of Guerrilla Warfare, Abdul Haris Nasution

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15930141-fundamentals-of-guerrilla-warfare?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_58

Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, T.E. Lawrence

Behind The Burma Road, William R. Peers, Dean Brelis

People’s War People’s Army: The Viet Cong Insurrection Manual for Underdeveloped Countries, Võ Nguyên Giáp

                Counterinsurgency Warfare, a reading list

The Petraeus Doctrine: The Field Manual on Counterinsurgency Operations,

Joint Chiefs of Staff Joint Publication 3-24

The Insurgents: David Petraeus and the Plot to Change the American Way of War, Fred Kaplan

Conflict: The Evolution of Warfare from 1945 to Ukraine, David Petraeus, Andrew Roberts

The Transformation of War, Martin van Creveld

Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice, David Galula

August 7 2025 Institutional White Supremacist Terror, Vote Suppression, Dehumanization and Theft of Black Citizenship: Case of the Texas Gerrymandering Walkout on the 60th Anniversary of the 1965 Voting Rights Act

      A grand spectacle of white supremacist terror, vote suppression, dehumanization of nonwhite people and theft of black citizenship unfolds in Texas in the wake of Trump’s order to gerrymander districts to steal the votes of black citizens, Democrats flee the state to block its legislature from enacting such, and Republicans send police to arrest them.

     We are witnessing one of the most undisguised acts of racist state terror and institutional white supremacy in American history, and no one has arrested Trump or his regime of subversion of democracy. This is an ancient evil, and it lingers in the shadows of our history which we drag behind ourselves like invisible reptilian tails.  

       Let us give to fascist tyranny and white supremacist terror the only reply it merits; Never Again!

      As I wrote in my post of September 17 2024, On Voter Registration Day and Meaningful Citizenship Wherein We Are Co-Owners of the State: In a Democracy, the Vote Is Everything; We are in a crisis of democracy during civilizational collapse and the subversion and fall of America and other guarantor nations of freedom and our universal human rights, and specifically the meaning of citizenship and the equal social power of the vote is once again in question in America because we are among the many fronts of a Third World War against Putin’s criminal regime and his mad dream of a new Russian Empire.

     No less than the battlefields of Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Moldova, nearly the whole of Africa now made a wishbone of Russian and NATO client states, and the peace and democracy movements in Russia which challenge a brutal police state with liberation struggle, in the complex and pre existing liberation struggle of Palestine from Israel now a theatre of both the Iran-Arab American Alliance conflict and of the Third World War as a proxy war of Russia versus America through our client states of Israel and the Iranian Dominion, and last in our elections, legislative actions, and the arena of our courts, and in struggle against the political subversion and ongoing insurgent warfare of the Fourth Reich on the American Front and our Resistance to it will decide the fate of humankind.

     Full mobilization of our loyal citizens in voting and political action is crucial, for while democracy remains, tattered though it is, the vote is our one power which may yet redeem everything else. We fight a Total War begun by Russia and Israel and modeled on the doctrine created by Franco and Hitler and tested at Guernica, social, economic, political, cultural, with the ideals and values that underlie our systems and institutions at risk; liberty, equality, truth, and justice.

     The vote is everything.

     And I can tell you from long experience, voting is better than shooting. We must protect the sanctity of the vote, as an equal share in our nation, if we are to avoid the next civil war and the near thousand years of a new Dark Age it may bring.

       This chapter you are reading now, and now are also writing, for it is each of us who will together choose a future for humankind. The nature of that choice is become unambiguous and simple with the invasions of Ukraine and Palestine by the enemies of liberty, the capture of the state by Traitor Trump in the Stolen Election of 2016, and the dawn of World War Three; tyranny or liberty?

     In one of these choices and one only, we may win a future where something resembling ourselves looks back centuries from now on this moment of civilizational collapse or rebirth, with questioning, hope, and wonder.

     “God Bless Us, Every One” as Dickens wrote in A Christmas Carol, the story which founded the modern holiday and originated Liberation Theology in wedding Marx to the Sermon on the Mount. In this time of darkness, we must answer division with solidarity, fear with love, despair with hope, fascism and tyranny with resistance, and the terror of our nothingness with the joy of total freedom.   

       What has happened?

     As written by Sam Levine in The Guardian, in an article entitled What does Texas redrawing its voting maps mean and why have Democrats left the state? Explained; “At the insistence of Donald Trump, Republicans in Texas are pushing ahead with an effort to redraw their congressional map to pick up as many as five additional Republican seats.

     The decision has set off a cascading legal battle. State lawmakers have fled Texas as part of an effort to stop Republicans from passing the map. Democrats in other states have said they will retaliate, setting the stage for a nasty and prolonged redistricting tit-for-tat that could last for years.

     What is redistricting?

     After a nationwide census every 10 years, all 50 US states are required to redraw their congressional districts to account for population shifts. The US constitution entrusts the power to draw congressional lines to the state legislatures in each state. Since the 18th century, politicians have tried to use this line-drawing power to punish their political rivals. In the 19th century, the practice of manipulating district lines for political lines became known as gerrymandering.

     While states are required to redistrict every 10 years, the constitution contains no explicit ban on redrawing boundaries before the decade is up.

     Why is Texas redistricting now?

     Republicans currently hold an extremely slim 219-212 majority in the US House (there are four vacancies, three of which are seats previously held by Democrats). Republicans know they will probably lose seats in next year’s mid-term elections, when all members of the US House will stand for re-election and the sitting president’s party typically does not perform well.

     Republicans have complete control of state government in Texas, which has 38 US House seats (second only to California’s 52 seats). Republicans currently hold 25 of those seats. Seeking to shore up the Republican advantage in the US House, Trump urged the Texas governor, Greg Abbott, to redraw the state’s lines to add additional Republican-friendly districts.

     Abbott called a special session to draw the districts last month. Last week, Republicans unveiled a map in which they could pick up five additional seats, giving them a 30-8 advantage in the state’s delegation.

     Is this legal?

     Texas also undertook a mid-decade redistricting in 2003. In 2006, the US supreme court said that nothing in the US constitution prohibited Texas from redrawing its district mid-decade.

     The US supreme court has also given states virtually unlimited leeway to gerrymander districts for partisan gain. In a 5-4 decision in 2019, it said that federal courts could not do anything to stop the drawing of districts for partisan advantage, no matter how severe.

     There are still legal protections that prohibit states from diluting the influence of minority voters when they draw districts or explicitly sorting them based on their race. But the supreme court has made those cases extremely difficult to win and they can take years to resolve in court.

     Why did Texas Democrats flee the state?

     Democrats are in the minority in the Texas state legislature. But the body’s bylaws require the presence of two-thirds of its lawmakers to conduct business. There are 150 members of the Texas house of representatives, 62 of whom are Democrats. More than 51 fled the state on Sunday to Illinois, Massachusetts and New York to deny that quorum, halting the legislature from moving forward on the maps.

     This isn’t the first time Democrats have fled the state to break quorum to try to stop Republicans from passing legislation. In 2021, Democrats fled to Washington DC as Republicans were poised to pass sweeping new voting restrictions. That standoff lasted several weeks, but Democrats eventually returned to the state and the legislation passed. Democrats also fled the state in 2003 to try to stop mid-decade redistricting.

     Can Republicans force Democrats to return to Texas?

     The Texas house voted on Monday to authorize arrest warrants for the members who fled the state. Such warrants are unlikely to be enforced while the members are out of the state.

     Abbott and the Texas attorney general, Ken Paxton, have pledged to aggressively pursue the Democrats. Abbott has cited a 2021 non-binding opinion from Paxton’s office to suggest that the lawmakers who broke quorum could be removed from office. But such an extraordinary action would need to go through the Texas courts and would likely be tied up in state court for some time.

     Rules enacted by the House in 2023 subject state lawmakers to a $500 daily fine for each day they are absent. Lawmakers are paid about $600 a month. While the rules prohibit lawmakers from using campaign funds to pay the fines, there are loopholes Democrats can use to have someone else cover them. The current special legislative session runs through 19 August but Abbott can continue to call more sessions, and it’s unclear how long Democrats are willing to wait out returning.

     How are Democrats outside of Texas responding?

As Texas has moved ahead with its effort to implement a new map, Democrats have threatened to retaliate by redrawing districts in states where they have complete control.

     Most notably, the California governor, Gavin Newsom, is leading an effort to redraw California’s 52 districts to drastically reduce the number of Republican seats (Democrats already hold 43 seats). Democratic governors in Illinois and New York have also pledged to retaliate.

     Democrats face significant legal obstacles to achieving this goal. In California, voters approved a referendum in 2010 that strips lawmakers of their redistricting power and instead hands it to a bipartisan and independent citizens commission. Newsom and California Democrats are reportedly moving ahead with a plan to have voters approve a new map through a referendum this fall. In New York, the state constitution bars mid-decade redistricting absent a court order, but Democrats are reportedly considering putting a constitutional amendment on the ballot that would allow them to redistrict later in the decade. “I’m tired of fighting this fight with my hand tied behind my back,” Kathy Hochul, the governor of New York, said on Wednesday.

     Will other Republican states redraw their maps?

     Trump is reportedly urging Republicans in Missouri to redraw their congressional map to pick up an additional GOP seat. Ron DeSantis, the Florida governor, has also suggested that his state, where Republicans hold 20 of 28 seats, should redraw districts, which would likely lead to additional GOP gains.

     Ohio, where Republicans hold 10 of 15 seats, is required to redraw its map this year because of a unique state law. That is likely to also lead to additional Republican seats.”

      What does this mean?

     As written by Rotimi Adeoye in MSNBC, in an article entitled The Voting Rights Act exists — for now; “The Supreme Court last week announced it wants to reconsider one of the core assumptions behind the Voting Rights Act: whether it’s even constitutional to intentionally draw congressional districts where Black or Latino voters make up the majority.

     The justices requested new briefing in a Louisiana redistricting case, asking whether the creation of a second majority-Black district, meant to comply with Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act — which turns 60 this week — might violate the Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause. It’s a quiet but seismic signal. The court isn’t just skeptical of the Voting Rights Act’s power. It’s asking whether the law’s foundational remedy, majority-minority districts, is itself illegal.

     I remember the frustration of trying to explain this to national reporters: We had the facts and still lost.

     For those of us who’ve worked to protect the Voting Rights Act, this moment feels less like a surprise than a culmination. I spent years at the American Civil Liberties Union’s Voting Rights Project, where I helped lead public messaging through some of the most pivotal cases in recent memory. I helped coordinate the fallout from Brnovich v. DNC, a Supreme Court ruling that made it nearly impossible to prove that new voting laws discriminate against voters of color. But the fights that haunt me most happened in Georgia and South Carolina.

     In South Carolina, our legal team showed — convincingly — that the Republican-led Legislature had deliberately drawn district lines to disenfranchise Black voters along the coast. A federal court agreed, calling the redistricting a “bleaching” of Black political power.

     But the Supreme Court overturned the ruling anyway.

     I remember the frustration of trying to explain this to national reporters: We had the facts and still lost. Georgia wasn’t much different. There, we fought maps that split Black communities just enough to dilute their voting power, a modern form of suppression so subtle it often escapes public notice.

     But with each passing term, the court moved the goalposts. And I watched in real time as the Voting Rights Act, once one of the most forceful civil rights laws, was reduced to a ceremonial reference point.

     For the last 10 years, the law has lived in two parallel worlds. In public, politicians from both parties issue statements honoring it. They speak of Selma and sacrifices, of John Lewis and moral clarity. But inside the courts, where the law is supposed to matter most, it has been hollowed out.

     It began with Shelby County v. Holder in 2013, which struck down the Voting Rights Act’s preclearance formula and allowed jurisdictions with histories of discrimination to change voting laws without federal approval. Then came the Brnovich decision, which neutered Section 2’s power to challenge those laws after the fact. Now, with the court asking whether majority-Black districts are themselves unconstitutional, we’re nearing the logical endpoint of this erosion. A law designed to empower voters of color is being reframed as a threat to a “colorblind” Constitution.

     The irony, of course, is that the tactics used to suppress voters of color have evolved. They don’t always look like Jim Crow. Today, suppression is algorithmic and bureaucratic. It’s moving polling places, manipulating district lines and purging voter rolls. And because the courts require increasingly unrealistic proof of discriminatory intent, these modern methods often slide by unchecked.

     Republican officials, especially at the state level, understand this perfectly. They’ve mastered the art of voter suppression that can pass constitutional muster.

     We cling to the Voting Rights Act because we want to believe that democracy, once secured, is permanent.

     Louisiana’s Legislature drew a second Black district only after being ordered to do so by a lower court. That decision now hangs in the balance. And make no mistake: If the Supreme Court rules that race-conscious redistricting is unconstitutional, the consequences will stretch far beyond Louisiana. Dozens of districts across the country — including ones in Alabama, Georgia and North Carolina — could be legally unsettled overnight.

     Democrats, for their part, haven’t been able to respond with the urgency this moment demands. The Freedom to Vote Act and the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act languished in the Senate because the Democrats haven’t figured out how to win in purple states. The Biden administration’s Justice Department tried to do what it could, but it was limited by the tools the court dulled.

     I don’t write any of this with cynicism. I write it with the perspective of someone who has tried to defend this law from the inside. I’ve seen organizers in the South build entire campaigns around the belief that the Voting Rights Act could still protect them. I’ve seen the hope — and then the heartbreak — when it didn’t.

     We cling to the Voting Rights Act because we want to believe that democracy, once secured, is permanent. But that’s not true; it requires vigilance, leverage and capturing power. The Supreme Court’s message is becoming clearer by the term: Nostalgia isn’t a substitute for protection.

     The Voting Rights Act still exists. But like so many monuments in American life, it’s starting to feel more like memory than law.”

     As written by George Chidi in The Guardian, in an article entitled The Voting Rights Act is facing the biggest threats in its 60 years; “Facing images of violent white mobs defending racial segregation, the condemnation of the world and of its own citizens, Congress in 1965 passed the Voting Rights Act, a law meant to end the hypocrisy of a democratic country that denied Black people the power of their vote.

     Sixty years later, race remains at the center of American politics. Cases before the US supreme court, and a platoon of Texas legislators fleeing the state to prevent redistricting, demonstrate how the Voting Rights Act – and its erosion – remains on the frontline of the political battlefield.

     “Democracy is at stake,” said Todd Cox, associate director-counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Even as voting rights advocates use the act to win additional congressional representation in Alabama and press cases in Louisiana and North Carolina, a conservative supreme court makes gains precarious, he said.

     “We wouldn’t be under such a threat if we weren’t doing so well in making sure our communities were engaged, that they were turning out and that their rights were protected,” Cox said. “This is a cyclical part of history, that when we see some success in advancing rights, there’s always backlash.”

     Veterans of the struggle for civil rights view passage of the act as a revolutionary, historical demarcation point equal to the signing of the Declaration of Independence, Confederate general Robert E Lee’s surrender at Appomattox or the establishment of women’s suffrage. Enforcement of the Voting Rights Act fundamentally rewrote politics in America.

     “I know I stand on the shoulders of folks … who fought and died in some cases,” Cox said.

     Though constitutional amendments passed after the American civil war ended slavery and commanded racial equality before the law, American lawmakers regularly found ways to keep Black citizens from exercising political power. Literacy tests, poll taxes, separate ballot boxes for Black and white voters, white-only primary elections, purges of Black voters from the rolls and discriminatory district lines rigged elections for white voters in the US’s Jim Crow era.

     Each time a court struck down a state law or demanded the end of a discriminatory practice, obstructionist local lawmakers – mostly but not exclusively in southern states – would quickly adapt, often enacting new election changes without enough time for a court to intervene. Civil rights laws at the time held insufficient authority to stop the practice.

     After years of campaigns for voting rights and racial equality across the south, the civil rights struggle came to a head in March 1965 in Selma, Alabama. The death of Jimmie Lee Jackson, a Baptist deacon and local voting rights activist, at the hands of state troopers led 600 people to march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge.

     State troopers attacked demonstrators with truncheons and teargas. As networks broadcast the assault, the US watched future US representative John Lewis get beaten into unconsciousness by white police officers live on national television. Support crystalized for civil and voting rights after the events of the “Bloody Sunday” broadcast.

     Congress wrote the Voting Rights Act to prevent the case-by-case whack-a-mole games local lawmakers were playing with election rules. It forced jurisdictions with a history of discrimination to clear elections changes with the Department of Justice before they could go into effect. It banned literacy tests to vote and allowed challenges to district maps when those maps would not allow proportional representation for minority voters.

     The principles of the Voting Rights Act have shaped the way lawmakers from the halls of Congress to a city council hearing room have to respond politically to voters of color.

     Congress has reauthorized the Voting Rights Act four times since its enactment, each time under a Republican president. But the law’s protections have suffered a death of a thousand cuts.

     In the Shelby County v Holder case of 2013, the US supreme court held that the data defining jurisdictions with a history of discrimination was too old to be relied upon; Congress must update it for the Voting Rights Act’s pre-clearance rules in Section 5 to remain constitutional, the court ruled. Republicans in Congress have blocked legislation – the John Lewis voting rights advancement act – updating the law, effectively ending pre-clearance.

     “It was a pretty significant blow to the project of ensuring voting free of racial discrimination in this country,” said Sophia Lin Lakin, director of the ACLU’s voting rights project. “I think it really accelerated in this moment the attacks on voting access across the country.”

     States previously restricted by pre-clearance enacted a wave of election legislation following the ruling, closing polling places, changing voter registration rules and redrawing district lines unhindered.

     The 5-4 decision in Rucho v Common Cause in 2019 further eroded the power of the Voting Rights Act, by explicitly permitting political gerrymandering, even as racial gerrymandering remained off-limits.

     The mid-decade redistricting in Texas proposed by Donald Trump presents a particularly vivid example of the consequences of an end to pre-clearance and recent supreme court decisions. Democratic state representatives have fled the state to deny Republicans a quorum to pass the redistricting legislation, which would likely grant Republicans an additional five congressional seats in Texas by concentrating some minority voters into fewer districts while diluting clusters of other voters.

     “Those maps would have had to be reviewed by the federal government coming in after the fact to challenge them, and winning,” Lakin said.

     In 2003, the eighth circuit federal appellate court further restricted the use of the Voting Rights Act, ruling in Arkansas State Conference NAACP v Arkansas Board of Apportionment that private groups do not have a right to challenge state election laws under the act; only the Department of Justice can bring a voting rights case to court. A second eighth circuit decision extended the ban on private voting rights suits from redistricting cases to suits challenging restrictions on voter assistance.

     Of the 180 or so successful claims brought under the Voting Rights Act, only 15 have been brought by the Department of Justice, said Jacqueline De León, senior staff attorney with the Native American Rights Fund. The Department of Justice’s voting rights division used to have about 30 staff attorneys; under the Trump administration, it has lost all but two or three, she said.

     “We know the Department of Justice is not going to be in the business of enforcing voting rights,” De León said. “Right now, we don’t know if there will be a future where a Voting Rights Act is available to our country. This is really a moment for concern and reflection on this anniversary.”

     Lakin said she expects the eighth circuit ruling to be appealed to the supreme court.

     Meanwhile, a case in Louisiana that has reached the US supreme court threatens the last leg standing of the Voting Rights Act.

     On Friday, the court signaled that it will consider the constitutionality of section 2, asking for supplemental briefs in Louisiana v Callais. The case, to be heard later this year, asks whether the state’s creation of a majority-minority congressional district violates the 14th or 15th amendment to the constitution.

     “I think this is, unfortunately, another opportunity for the court to continue to attack this pillar of our democracy, the Voting Rights Act,” Lakin said.

     In Callais, a group of “non-African-American voters” filed suit against the state of Louisiana, arguing that lawmakers acting on the order of the federal court drew a congressional district map that unconstitutionally considered race.

     The Equal Protection Clause of the US constitution and the 15th amendment’s guarantee that the right to vote cannot be denied because of race says that lawmakers cannot consider race predominantly over other factors when redistricting without a compelling reason. But section 2 of the Voting Rights Act requires lawmakers to consider race when it is necessary to ensure that the voting power of racial minorities has fair representation.

     The cases are an effort to create conflict between the Voting Rights Act and the constitution as a rationale for a conservative court to chip away, Lakin said.

     “Congress can enact laws to ensure the 14th and 15th amendments are given life,” she said. “I think that there’s an attempt to create tensions around this and say that there’s a disconnect with the Voting Rights Act. But as the supreme court has stated … the act is a properly, constitutionally authorized use of Congress’s powers.”

     Such a finding would turn hard-fought civil rights law on its head. It would establish a legal basis for white voters to challenge laws meant to protect minority voters from discrimination.

     “I would say it’s a perversion of what the Department of Justice has symbolized, specifically what its historic role, its purpose was meant to be,” Lakin said.”

What does Texas redrawing its voting maps mean and why have Democrats left the state? Explained

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/05/texas-redistricting-voter-maps-democrats-explained

The Voting Rights Act exists — for now

The Supreme Court has been whittling away the VRA’s legal protections for years. Now it’s poised to reconsider one of the act’s core assumptions.

https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/voting-rights-act-supreme-court-louisiana-aclu-rcna223191?fbclid=IwY2xjawMBsVRleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHkAUbpSf4nBEiWVeDd7sKP0rG43AvA22UxBCwSD1CNEN3uCGDUHjzu-xWNtK_aem_Lm6zXXd3GyRXb8MMwxbMSQ

The Voting Rights Act is facing the biggest threats in its 60 years

Illinois governor says Texas Democrats who left will be protected amid arrest threats

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/04/jb-pritzker-illinois-texas-democrats

Democrats rally in Texas over Trump order to redraw districts: ‘The only way they can keep power is to cheat’

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jul/25/democrats-redistricting-texas-voter-map-trump

Texas redistricting: how new Republican maps will hurt Democrats

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/aug/01/texas-republicans-congressional-redistricting-trump

A timeline of voting restrictions passed by US states since 2013

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/25/voting-rights-act-2013-timeline-state-voter-restriction-map-registration-id-absentee-mail?CMP=share_btn_link

Ten years of a crippled Voting Rights Act: how states make it harder to vote

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/25/voting-rights-act-voter-map-registration-id-racism-supreme-court-georgia?CMP=share_btn_lin

Our Unfinished March: The Violent Past and Imperiled Future of the Vote,

Eric Holder, Sam Koppelman

Gerrymandering Texas, Steve Bickerstaff, C Robert Heath (Editor)

One Person, One Vote: A Surprising History of Gerrymandering in America,

Nick Seabrook

One Person, No Vote: How Voter Suppression Is Destroying Our Democracy,

Carol Anderson, Tonya Bolden (Contributor)

How Democracies Die: What History Reveals About Our Future,Steven Levitsky,

Daniel Ziblatt

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35356384-how-democracies-die?ref=rae_2

Protest at Selma: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Voting Rights Act of 1965,

David J. Garrow

September 2 2023 Strategies of Tyranny and Resistance: White Supremacist Terror and Theft of Citizenship as Vote Suppression and Gerrymandering in Atlanta

September 21 2024 Election Rigging and Vote Suppression in the Case of Georgia: The Party of Treason, White Supremacist Terror, and Theocratic Patriarchal Sexual Terror Pursues Not Victory In A Free and Fair Election But Subversion of Democracy and Capture of the State

November 3 2024 Echoes of the 1920 Ocoee Massacre: Vote Suppression and White Supremacist Terror in Our Elections

August 6 2025 The Wagnerian Ring of Fear, Power, and Force, and What Plato Got Wrong About Rule By Elites: the Case of Hiroshima

Today is the anniversary of possibly the most terrible war crime ever perpetrated in the history of man’s inhumanity to man and a bitter monument to the collapse of values under the pressure of fear; Hiroshima.

     Though the litany of such atrocities would roll on endlessly like a song of despair and horror, there is nothing like America’s use of a weapon which cast men’s souls from their bodies and left their shadows etched upon the walls.

     As with all Defining Moments of humankind which have become negotiated truths and a ground of struggle for ownership of the stories of ourselves, memory, history, and identity as a prochronism or history expressed in our form of how we have adapted to change over vast epochs of time, there are really two stories here, which swallow each other like the Ouroboros of Time; the story of events themselves as lived and the Rashomon Gate of stories about these Defining Moments as witnesses of history and what Foucault called truthtelling or the sacred calling to pursue the truth. Stories, and the stories about the stories; and which has ahold of us at any given moment we cannot know.

     Hiroshima is such a Defining Moment and Rashomon Gate event, in which humankind is forever changed by our new capacity to annihilate ourselves. As Oppenheimer described it, quoting the Bhagavad-Gita; “I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.”

     How will we use such dread power, and how will the mere fact of its existence shape us and our future possibilities of becoming human?

     Is this the greatest war crime in history, and the measure of America as the furthest depths of human evil? There are many candidates for that title, however, as humans are cruel and our governments are monuments of force and control. Historically I would say the Mongol origination of biowarfare in catapulting the bodies of plague victims over the walls of the cities they wanted to conquer was also very wicked, and resulted in the population of Europe losing one in every four persons, possibly one in three, during the three hundred year terror of the Black Death. But if Hiroshima is the most terrible of crimes against humanity, it is because it is ours.

     The evils of which we are beneficiaries are always the most terrible, if only to us. Sadly, such evils are manifold and numberless; the Conquest and genocide of indigenous peoples of the Americas, slavery, Patriarchy, imperialism, and the culture of violence, militarism, toxic masculinity, and the fetishization of guns which sustains them.

    And we have neither renounced nor abandoned the use of such weapons. Indeed, we are making more, and more terrible. In this the true meaning of America to the rest of the world is undeniable and clear; we are a nation whose objective is imperial conquest and whose mission is the annihilation of the human soul.

    We can change this path we are on toward destruction and the subjugation of others simply and at any time; abandon the use of social force. A good beginning might be mothballing our nuclear arsenal and all weapons of mass destruction and terror, and disarming the police and other forces of tyranny, repression, and control.

     Which brings us to my theme today; unequal power is also violence. For the key to our bewildering transformation from an egalitarian democracy wherein universal rights and the autonomy of individuals is paramount to an authoritarian tyranny of force and control is that militarism and the fetishization of instruments of violence is enormously profitable and necessary to imperialism and a global hegemony of power and privilege. This requires an elite, which both profits from and creates the conditions of inequality in a recursive process.

     The fragmentation and class stratification of our free society of equals by hierarchies of exclusionary otherness into a vast precariat inclusive of prison labor as a national policy of the re-enslavement of Black people and theft of citizenship, and an elite hegemony of wealth, power, and privilege constructed on white supremacy and Gideonite patriarchy, is no flaw but a central and inherent design of our society, whereby authority centralizes power unto itself as a tyrannical subversion of Liberty.

     The horrific spectacles of open violations of our values and ideals, the perversions and aberrant performances of atavistic barbarism, and the arrogance of impunity of power of the years of the Fourth Reich’s capture of America and the regime of Our Clown of Terror, Traitor Trump, are direct consequences of this process of undemocratization, which began with the demonstration of federal power in the suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794, in the global interventions of Manifest Destiny and the paramount dominion of our empire won by our victories in the World Wars, the disastrous co-optation of the Nazi elite in service to the projects of anticommunist imperialism and their capture of the Republican Party in 1980 in alliance with Gideonite fundamentalists, white supremacists, and plutocrats, and the failed attempt to shake off the host political system of the January 6 Insurrection.

     As proofs of this theory I offer here two examples; the emergence of a technocratic elite in the creation of a nuclear arsenal and of a medical elite whose purpose is to ensure the dominance of its own class and of social order, and which acts as an arbiter of what is real and what is mad, in the creation of a carceral regime of torture and thought control at Guantanamo and in secret prisons as a test laboratory for America and the world, in part a result of the inevitable imperial phase of America after 911 but which originates with the torturers whose escape from justice we abetted after the Second World War.

    In one of the founding documents of our civilization, The Republic, Plato argues that the achievement of virtue is only possible when society is mediated by an elite, philosopher-kings who are beholden to no one and independent of financial interest or influence, experts who may govern by reason. It’s an attractive idea, and one with a long reach; America charged Aaron Burr with treason over corruption, nepotism and bribery, results of an idea of the role of gentlemen in government embedded in the traditions of the British aristocracy.

    As Gramsci famously said, “Between force and consent lies corruption”. At the heart of this ancient debate about equality and the nature of the Good lies a simple and easily demonstrable truth; the rule of elites is always against the interests of its subjects, as it concentrates power rather than distributing agency among its citizens as co-owners of their government.

     If you wish to see what lies on the opposite side of democracy, just look at Hiroshima and Guantanamo, Wounded Knee and the 1921 Tulsa Massacre, or beyond America’s sphere of dominion and responsibility at political atrocities like the Holocaust, Gaza, the Siege of Mariupol, Srebrenica, Xinjiang, or at any of the authoritarian regimes throughout the world today which sadly control most of humankind and scheme endlessly to conquer and enslave the rest; Putin’s Russia, Xi Jinping’s China, Modi’s India, and far too many others.

     Or to the collapse of the utopia Plato attempted to found by reimagination of the Empire of Syracuse, first by reconstructing the tyrant Dionysius the Second as a Philosopher-King and then by revolutionary seizure of power through his uncle Dion, both his students. This was the first Republic, whose failures and collapse Plato interrogates and fictionalizes in The Republic, the ur-source and founding document of democracy, wherein the sharing and use of social power is envisioned as a ground of struggle between liberty and tyranny.

    Why is this important to us now, this origin story of our civilization as a free society of equals born in the Forum of Athens?

      Because we today are witnesses to a parallel civilizational collapse from the mechanical failures of our systems’ internal contradictions and the legacies of our histories, caught in the gears of the great machine we serve like Charlie Chaplin in The Factory.

     Ours is a machine which runs on the recursive processes of fear, power, and force, forever defined by Hiroshima as its terminal limit. The psychopathy of power and the nihilism of force may be shadows which devour our ideals of the good as freedom, equality, truth, and justice as their originals, our forms and realities from which they are cast, but they are also the products of political decisions and historical processes and not natural and inherent conditions of our humanity. Nor is civilizational collapse an inevitable consequence of democracy.

     There are two obvious escapes from this dilemma; the redemptive power of love triumphs over fear and hate as motive forces and systemic harms, and seizures of unequal power restore balance in reply to structural harms. Plato tried them both, and both times failed; but he never tried both together as interdependent and parallel processes of change, as I propose herein.

     In the end all that matters is what we do with our fear, and how we use our power.

Hiroshima: Out of the Ashes full film

Hiroshima Mon Amour film

Dr. Strangelove trailer

Oppenheimer trailer

The Victims of Hiroshima & Nagasaki

Hiroshima marks 78th anniversary of atomic bombing – The Japan Times

https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/08/06/japan/hiroshima-attomic-bombing-78th-anniversary/

Chaplin’s The Great Dictator

https://www.charliechaplin.com/en/articles/29-The-Final-Speech-from-The-Great-Dictator-

               Plato’s Republic, a reading list

Glaucon’s Fate: History, Myth, and Character in Plato’s Republic,

by Jacob Howland

Plato’s Republic, by Alain Badiou

The Fire and the Sun: Why Plato Banished the Artists, by Iris Murdoch

The Sovereignty of Good, by Iris Murdoch

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/11232.The_Sovereignty_of_Good

The Open Society and Its Enemies – Volume One: The Spell of Plato, by Karl Popper

1

Plato’s Critique of Impure Reason: On Goodness and Truth in the Republic,

by D.C. Schindler

The Music of the Republic: Essays on Socrates’ Conversations and Plato’s Writings, by Eva Brann

Socrates’ Second Sailing: On Plato’s Republic, by Seth Benardete

Philosopher-Kings: The Argument of Plato’s Republic, by C.D.C. Reeve

The Political Thought of Plato and Aristotle, by Ernest Barker

       Hiroshima, a reading list

Black Rain, by Masuji Ibuse

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/289991.Black_Rain

Hiroshima, by John Hersey

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/27323.Hiroshima

Hiroshima Nagasaki: The Real Story of the Atomic Bombings and Their Aftermath, by Paul Ham

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18404128-hiroshima-nagasaki

Hiroshima in America, by Robert Jay Lifton, Greg Mitchell

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/116215.Hiroshima_in_America

A World Destroyed: Hiroshima and Its Legacies, by Martin J. Sherwin, Robert Jay Lifton (Foreword by)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/116224.A_World_Destroyed

140 Days to Hiroshima: The Story of Japan’s Last Chance to Avert Armageddon,

by David Dean Barrett

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/51089656-140-days-to-hiroshima

Before the Fallout: From Marie Curie to Hiroshima, by Diana Preston

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1045979.Before_the_Fallout

Hiroshima Traces: Time, Space, and the Dialectics of Memory, by Lisa Yoneyama

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/601099.Hiroshima_Traces

Black and Blue: The Bruising Passion of Camera Lucida, La Jetee, Sans soleil, and Hiroshima mon amour by Carol Mavor

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13586053-black-and-blue

Hiroshima, Mon Amour And Last Year At Marienbad: Two Screenplays by Marguerite Duras

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/316018.Hiroshima_Mon_Amour_And_Last_Year_At_Marienbad

August 5 2025 Fascism’s Theatre of Cruelty and Fear: Anniversary of Kashmir Under Indian Occupation and Martial Law

     Kashmir, where once I sailed upon the Lake of Dreams, defended a shrine of mercy against a riotous horde with a saint, his idiot servant, and an escaped criminal who had claimed sanctuary, was wooed by Beauty but instead was claimed by Vision.

     It is ever thus; immanence and transcendence, beauty and ugliness, truth and lies, rapture and terror, playing games of chance for the kingdom of the human heart, and none of us can with certainly tell which is which.

     August the fifth marks the anniversary of India’s Conquest of Kashmir, its occupation and imposition of martial law, of the theft of freedom of religion, of genocidal ethnic cleansing and sectarian violence, a conquest which has been instrumental to India’s Hindu Nationalist regime in the subversion of democracy in India and the belligerent imperialist provocation of Pakistan and China the purpose of which is the transformation of India from a diverse and inclusive  society of thousands of autonomous cultural communities into a militarized and deracinated polity of assimilated Hindu theocratic unity by fascisms of blood, faith, and soil. 

     And fascist tyrannies require one thing above all else; a threat which defines the boundaries of the Other. Where Hitler had Jews, Modi has Muslims.

Categories of exclusionary otherness are necessary if you need followers to submit to your authority; this is why we must beware of those who claim to speak for us. Its why America has refugees, mainly Catholics of indigenous nonwhite ancestry, in concentration camps along our border with Mexico and in foreign torture centers and prisons; our border defines us as a white supremacist ethnostate and implicit theocracy of ultra Protestant nationalism as shaped and imprinted by the venal Pat Robertson who instigated the Mayan Genocide, a theocratic fig leaf of legitimacy for conservatism which captured the Republican Party in 1980 under the shadow state of Jerry Falwell’s Mortal Majority consisting mainly of networks of Pentecostal charismatics and fundamentalists and the churches through which they are radicalized and mobilized in the subversion of democracy, a model of subversion of democracy copied by the Taliban in Afghanistan, the Netanyahu regime in Israel, the Buddhist nationalists in Sri Lanka and Myanmar, the BJP in India, and by Nazi revivalists throughout Europe, twins to our own Republican Party. Precisely the same strategy of the weaponization of faith in service to power as used by both Hindu elites in India and Islamic fundamentalists throughout the world.

      In God We Trust, as our American currency proclaims, which asks us not to believe in the Infinite but to submit to the state as an intermediary and representative of divine will, and such identitarian politics always means our interpretations and organizations of faith as an Elect, born of specific histories, which anoint kings and authorize tyrannies and carceral states of force and control.

      I fought during a previous Indian Conquest during 1990 through 1993, a liberation struggle and Resistance which we won only because of the Solidarity of Kashmiri Hindus and Muslims versus foreign destabilization and invasion, the magnificent allyship of Pakistan, and the political disunity of India. The capture of the Indian state by the RSS under Modi changed the balance of forces.

     On this day a wall of silence fell over what was once a sovereign and independent nation, in which both Hindus and Muslims were free to follow the traditions of their communities without compulsion by the state in matters of faith, a silence of tyranny in which cell phone and internet communications went dark in violation of our universal human rights of information access and sharing so that no resistance could be organized and no calls for help to the world could be made. Tyrants must first steal our voices and means of connection with others; an assault on independent journalism as a sacred calling in pursuit of truth and on Truth itself through the lies and deceptions of a propaganda mill follow quickly on.

     Ten thousand people were arrested on that day, including anyone who might form a government of resistance against Modi’s fascist state of India; others joined the eight to ten thousand Disappeared by the death squads which operate as deniable assets of the forces of occupation, much as Trump’s white supremacist terrorists disrupted protests here in America with violence, arson, looting, and vandalism acting in coordination with the Homeland Security special occupying force of secret police whose mission was to repress dissent and subvert democracy. This is the second act of tyranny’s Theatre of Cruelty and Fear; to subjugate through brutality and learned helplessness.

     How does India, sister nation to America in anticolonial revolution against the British Empire and both founded on secular democracy, come to this?

     I described the processes of unequal power whereby revolutions become tyrannies in my post of January 30 2020, India Begins to Throw Off the Chains of Hindu Nationalism: a wave of mass protests over the new citizenship law and a challenge in the Supreme Court by the state of Kerala; At issue are two key questions of a democratic society; the franchise, who gets to vote, and citizenship, who gets to be Indian. The problem with Modi’s Hindu Nationalist government is that valorizing Hinduism as a unifying principle in the long struggle against British colonialism and imperialist rule has resulted not only in leveraging independence, but also in othering non-Hindu peoples to whom the Nationalists would now deny citizenship with all its legal protections.

     In a single stroke of the pen Modi would transform a pluralistic and inclusive model democracy into a fascist state of blood, faith, and soil. With himself as its tyrant.

      India is a nation of staggering complexity and diversity, in which all things are layered with historical meanings and resonances which extend throughout ten thousand years of continuous civilization, three times older than Babylon as dated from landforms described in the Vedas, among humankind’s oldest known written records. India contains 67 cultures, and among its 850 languages and dialects 14 are official languages. Until Independence, it was a checkerboard of 562 sovereign states, each with its own laws, armies, postal systems, aristocracies; and was further divided by the persistent though now illegal caste system into around three thousand layers of social stratification, each with its own cultural traditions and rules governing social functions.

     To this list one must add divisions of faith, though Hinduism, an 80% majority, is broadly inclusive and contains two different sets of deities and mythologies from the original Dravidians and the later Aryan migration, from which Jainism and Buddhism are branches, the Vajrayana Buddhism which I studied in Nepal as a monk of the Kagyu Order especially being a hybrid of Tibetan Buddhism and North Indian Shaivite and Tantric Hinduism, twin influences from Hinduism which I had previously studied with a priestess of Kali and among the Aghora warrior brotherhood which uniquely recognizes no differences of caste, and the Sikhs are a reconciliation faith of Hinduism and Islam. Of the Abrahamic faiths, Muslims number over 14% of Indians, persisting even after the horrors of Partition, and over 2% are Christians; St Thomas landed in AD 52 on the Malabar coast and founded seven churches in Kerala, which adopted the Syrian Liturgy of Antioch in the fourth century, and the Jesuit missionary Saint Francis Xavier arrived in Goa in 1542.

     Kashmir itself is 98% Islamic, and a major center and homeland of its mystical form Sufism, which I studied as a scholar of the Naqshbandi Order in Srinagar, and in Kashmir and North India generally mystical Islam and its Sufi orders have assimilated elements and disciplines of both Hinduism and Buddhism, parallel with Buddhist-Hindu syncretic hybridization in North India. This movement toward an Islamic Hindu-Buddhism as a unitary faith, ongoing for centuries, is the reason the Taliban and other fundamentalists have attacked and burned Sufi shrines and madrassas throughout the region, a campaign which includes the 2007 Siege of Lal Masjid in Pakistan. 

     For centuries, Hindu and Islamic communities had coexisted peacefully in Kashmir, to the point of blending faiths, until intrusive forces from outside weaponized faith in service to power as identitarian politics, and broke it all asunder.

     How does one unite such a nation as India in resistance to a brutal and treacherous occupation like that of the British Empire, masters of the art of divide and conquer who pitted Hindus and Muslims against each other and the native monarchies against the underclasses? Appeals to nationalism and to identity are powerful tools in the struggle for liberation; the problem with such postcolonial successor states is that they inherit the identitarian, militaristic, and authoritarian structures and characteristics of their revolutionary period as tyrannies of force and control.

     As I wrote in my post of March 10 2020, Kashmir: Under the Shadow of India’s Empire of Fear; Mass arrests and disappearances, a total internet blackout and de facto siege lifted on March 5 after seven months, the literal blinding of witnesses to the brutality of the occupation forces, the infamous torture centers and graveyards of the martyrs; India’s imperial conquest of Kashmir has become an ethnic cleansing and possibly a genocide.

      The siege cost the economy of Kashmir two and a half billion dollars, but also concealed a crime against humanity from the eyes of the world; India’s genocide of religious and ethnic minorities and the savage repression of dissent. This was the true objective of Modi and the Hindu Nationalists in dissolving the independence of Kashmir; the mass imprisonment of the political leaders of the former government decapitated its organized resistance, and the campaign of ethnic cleansing signaled the devouring of Kashmir by India’s fascist tyranny of state terror. Here I use the term Devouring; a translation of the Romani word for the Nazi annihilation of the gypsies.

    The former princely state of Islamic Kashmir and Hindu Jammu has been divided by civil war and a direct war of dominion between Pakistan and India since 1947; I was living in Srinagar when the Kashmir Valley exploded in ethnic conflict, revolution, and war in 1990. Rioting mobs of Hindu Nationalists organized and reinforced by Indian special operations units, forged by the British Raj as their most terrible weapon of imperial conquest, began the usual campaign of burning villages and mosques, mass rapes, random murders, and the kidnapping, torture, and assassination of leaders and activists and really anyone else; Pakistan sent protection and mercy missions and special operations units of the army and Inter-Services Intelligence agency, developed in partnership with America during the 1980’s war against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan, and with years of experience supporting the mujahideen with whom they continue to operate today, mainly as the Taliban, a proxy state of Pakistan and a buffer state in the sectarian conflicts with Iran.

    The story as told by India’s Hindu Nationalists reverses this chronology of events and focuses on the ethnic cleansing of the Hindu Pandits by jihadists, possibly both deniable assets of Pakistan and their most dangerous enemy, indisputably a crime against humanity and a case of theocracy as embodied violence. For myself, what is most important is not who threw the first stone, but that the violation and degeneration of our humanity and shared values as civilization was a consequence not of intrinsic historical trauma or epigenetic harms but of a conflict of imperial dominion which made a wishbone of Kashmir.  

     With hundreds of thousands of people in the streets demonstrating for independence, random violence and mob rule, and open battle between some of the finest black ops units ever fielded, Kashmir devolved into chaos and ruin. Only the fact that India was not unified politically accounts for the failure of the conquest after three years of madness and horror; that disunity of purpose in India ended with the election of Modi.

     And this is where we may leverage change, for India’s Hindu Nationalist regime of tyranny and terror is neither covert nor an amorphous thing of generalized racism and religious intolerance, but a Theatre of Cruelty and Fear performed by a government on the stage of the world.

     I call for the Boycott, Divestiture, and Sanction of India until it abandons Kashmir and recognizes her sovereignty and independence, and for the full citizenship and integration of all peoples everywhere regardless of ethnic or religious identities.  

    As I wrote in my post of March 6 2020; India under the Hindu Nationalists has become a nation of the lathi, a meter long club used by the forces of repression to drive otherness from their exclusive communities. It is an ancient nightmare and among the most terrible; to make everyone the same.

     For myself it has a special meaning, this sameness; among my earliest memories is a burning cross our neighbors had set on fire on the front lawn of a newlywed couple, previously friends and relatives of many among the torch-bearing crowd in a town of around two thousand, in a carnivalesque ritual of Othering. A Dutch man of the Reformed Church aligned with the Apartheid regime of South Africa, grim giants with white hair like Harry Potter villains or Star Trek’s Seven of Nine, who believed music was sinful, spoke in King James Bible English full of thees and thous as a second language to Dutch, secretive and remote, and to whom buttons on their somber black clothes were forbidden as non-Biblical technology, had married a woman of our local minority community, the laughing and earthy, polka dancing, sawdust pit wrestling Swiss Calvinist Church, who spoke standard American English with vestiges of Swiss German, and would serve beer to anyone over the age of twelve at the Swiss Hall, where fancy dress was lederhosen though normally they dressed and acted like any other Americans and more importantly would interact with anyone beyond their own group regardless of church membership. To this transgression of boundaries between Protestant church communities which had both originated in Calvinism, and both speaking Germannic languages, our town replied by calling it a mixed marriage and burning a cross on their lawn.

     My mother and I had come out to see what was on fire and discovered the scene of this hate crime, rounding a corner and suddenly among hundreds of our neighbors running amok.

    A boy I knew from school ran past carrying a torch, grinning and yelling; “We’re casting out the evildoers!”

     So I asked my mother, “Who are the evildoers?”

      Looking very ferocious, she replied; “The people with torches are the evildoers. They are the enemy, and they are always our enemies, yours and mine, no matter who they have come for.”

    “Why are they evil?”

     “Because they want to make everyone the same.”

     And this we must resist to the last, for there are no other choices. Those not of the elect will be pursued unto destruction by the forces of assimilation; only the manner of their deaths is in question, in submission or resistance.

     Unless we all stand together, united in an unbreakable human chain whose power surpasses that of any one of us or of any nation, vast and unstoppable as the tides.

     As written by the magnificent Arundati Roy in 2008 in The Guardian, in an article entitled Land and Freedom: Kashmir is in crisis: the region’s Muslims are mounting huge non-violent protests against the Indian government’s rule. But, asks Arundhati Roy, what would independence for the territory mean for its people?; “For the past 60 days or so, since about the end of June, the people of Kashmir have been free. Free in the most profound sense. They have shrugged off the terror of living their lives in the gun-sights of half a million heavily armed soldiers, in the most densely militarised zone in the world.

     After 18 years of administering a military occupation, the Indian government’s worst nightmare has come true. Having declared that the militant movement has been crushed, it is now faced with a non-violent mass protest, but not the kind it knows how to manage. This one is nourished by people’s memory of years of repression in which tens of thousands have been killed, thousands have been “disappeared”, hundreds of thousands tortured, injured, and humiliated. That kind of rage, once it finds utterance, cannot easily be tamed, rebottled and sent back to where it came from.

     A sudden twist of fate, an ill-conceived move over the transfer of 100 acres of state forest land to the Amarnath Shrine Board (which manages the annual Hindu pilgrimage to a cave deep in the Kashmir Himalayas) suddenly became the equivalent of tossing a lit match into a barrel of petrol. Until 1989 the Amarnath pilgrimage used to attract about 20,000 people who travelled to the Amarnath cave over a period of about two weeks. In 1990, when the overtly Islamist militant uprising in the valley coincided with the spread of virulent Hindu nationalism (Hindutva) in the Indian plains, the number of pilgrims began to increase exponentially. By 2008 more than 500,000 pilgrims visited the      

Amarnath cave, in large groups, their passage often sponsored by Indian business houses. To many people in the valley this dramatic increase in numbers was seen as an aggressive political statement by an increasingly Hindu-fundamentalist Indian state. Rightly or wrongly, the land transfer was viewed as the thin edge of the wedge. It triggered an apprehension that it was the beginning of an elaborate plan to build Israeli-style settlements, and change the demography of the valley.

     Days of massive protest forced the valley to shut down completely. Within hours the protests spread from the cities to villages. Young stone pelters took to the streets and faced armed police who fired straight at them, killing several. For people as well as the government, it resurrected memories of the uprising in the early 90s. Throughout the weeks of protest, hartal (strikes) and police firing, while the Hindutva publicity machine charged Kashmiris with committing every kind of communal excess, the 500,000 Amarnath pilgrims completed their pilgrimage, not just unhurt, but touched by the hospitality they had been shown by local people.

     Eventually, taken completely by surprise at the ferocity of the response, the government revoked the land transfer. But by then the land-transfer had become what Syed Ali Shah Geelani, the most senior and also the most overtly Islamist separatist leader, called a “non-issue”.

     Massive protests against the revocation erupted in Jammu. There, too, the issue snowballed into something much bigger. Hindus began to raise issues of neglect and discrimination by the Indian state. (For some odd reason they blamed Kashmiris for that neglect.) The protests led to the blockading of the Jammu-Srinagar highway, the only functional road-link between Kashmir and India. Truckloads of perishable fresh fruit and valley produce began to rot.

     The blockade demonstrated in no uncertain terms to people in Kashmir that they lived on sufferance, and that if they didn’t behave themselves they could be put under siege, starved, deprived of essential commodities and medical supplies.

     To expect matters to end there was of course absurd. Hadn’t anybody noticed that in Kashmir even minor protests about civic issues like water and electricity inevitably turned into demands for azadi, freedom? To threaten them with mass starvation amounted to committing political suicide.

     Not surprisingly, the voice that the government of India has tried so hard to silence in Kashmir has massed into a deafening roar. Raised in a playground of army camps, checkpoints, and bunkers, with screams from torture chambers for a soundtrack, the young generation has suddenly discovered the power of mass protest, and above all, the dignity of being able to straighten their shoulders and speak for themselves, represent themselves. For them it is nothing short of an epiphany. Not even the fear of death seems to hold them back. And once that fear has gone, of what use is the largest or second largest army in the world?

     There have been mass rallies in the past, but none in recent memory that have been so sustained and widespread. The mainstream political parties of Kashmir – National Conference and People’s Democratic party – appear dutifully for debates in New Delhi’s TV studios, but can’t muster the courage to appear on the streets of Kashmir. The armed militants who, through the worst years of repression were seen as the only ones carrying the torch of azadi forward, if they are around at all, seem content to take a back seat and let people do the fighting for a change.

     The separatist leaders who do appear and speak at the rallies are not leaders so much as followers, being guided by the phenomenal spontaneous energy of a caged, enraged people that has exploded on Kashmir’s streets. Day after day, hundreds of thousands of people swarm around places that hold terrible memories for them. They demolish bunkers, break through cordons of concertina wire and stare straight down the barrels of soldiers’ machine guns, saying what very few in India want to hear. Hum Kya Chahtey? Azadi! (We want freedom.) And, it has to be said, in equal numbers and with equal intensity: Jeevey jeevey Pakistan. (Long live Pakistan.)

     That sound reverberates through the valley like the drumbeat of steady rain on a tin roof, like the roll of thunder during an electric storm.

     On August 15, India’s independence day, Lal Chowk, the nerve centre of Srinagar, was taken over by thousands of people who hoisted the Pakistani flag and wished each other “happy belated independence day” (Pakistan celebrates independence on August 14) and “happy slavery day”. Humour obviously, has survived India’s many torture centres and Abu Ghraibs in Kashmir.

     On August 16 more than 300,000 people marched to Pampore, to the village of the Hurriyat leader, Sheikh Abdul Aziz, who was shot down in cold blood five days earlier.

     On the night of August 17 the police sealed the city. Streets were barricaded, thousands of armed police manned the barriers. The roads leading into Srinagar were blocked. On the morning of August 18, people began pouring into Srinagar from villages and towns across the valley. In trucks, tempos, jeeps, buses and on foot. Once again, barriers were broken and people reclaimed their city. The police were faced with a choice of either stepping aside or executing a massacre. They stepped aside. Not a single bullet was fired.

     The city floated on a sea of smiles. There was ecstasy in the air. Everyone had a banner; houseboat owners, traders, students, lawyers, doctors. One said: “We are all prisoners, set us free.” Another said: “Democracy without freedom is demon-crazy.” Demon-crazy. That was a good one. Perhaps he was referring to the insanity that permits the world’s largest democracy to administer the world’s largest military occupation and continue to call itself a democracy.

     There was a green flag on every lamp post, every roof, every bus stop and on the top of chinar trees. A big one fluttered outside the All India Radio building. Road signs were painted over. Rawalpindi they said. Or simply Pakistan. It would be a mistake to assume that the public expression of affection for Pakistan automatically translates into a desire to accede to Pakistan. Some of it has to do with gratitude for the support – cynical or otherwise – for what Kashmiris see as their freedom struggle, and the Indian state sees as a terrorist campaign. It also has to do with mischief. With saying and doing what galls India most of all. (It’s easy to scoff at the idea of a “freedom struggle” that wishes to distance itself from a country that is supposed to be a democracy and align itself with another that has, for the most part been ruled by military dictators. A country whose army has committed genocide in what is now Bangladesh. A country that is even now being torn apart by its own ethnic war. These are important questions, but right now perhaps it’s more useful to wonder what this so-called democracy did in Kashmir to make people hate it so?)

     Everywhere there were Pakistani flags, everywhere the cry Pakistan se rishta kya? La illaha illallah. (What is our bond with Pakistan? There is no god but Allah.) Azadi ka matlab kya? La illaha illallah. (What does freedom mean? There is no god but Allah.)

     For somebody like myself, who is not Muslim, that interpretation of freedom is hard – if not impossible – to understand. I asked a young woman whether freedom for Kashmir would not mean less freedom for her, as a woman. She shrugged and said “What kind of freedom do we have now? The freedom to be raped by Indian soldiers?” Her reply silenced me.

    Surrounded by a sea of green flags, it was impossible to doubt or ignore the deeply Islamic fervour of the uprising taking place around me. It was equally impossible to label it a vicious, terrorist jihad. For Kashmiris it was a catharsis. A historical moment in a long and complicated struggle for freedom with all the imperfections, cruelties and confusions that freedom struggles have. This one cannot by any means call itself pristine, and will always be stigmatised by, and will some day, I hope, have to account for, among other things, the brutal killings of Kashmiri Pandits in the early years of the uprising, culminating in the exodus of almost the entire Hindu community from the Kashmir valley.

     As the crowd continued to swell I listened carefully to the slogans, because rhetoric often holds the key to all kinds of understanding. There were plenty of insults and humiliation for India: Ay jabiron ay zalimon, Kashmir hamara chhod do (Oh oppressors, Oh wicked ones, Get out of our Kashmir.) The slogan that cut through me like a knife and clean broke my heart was this one: Nanga bhookha Hindustan, jaan se pyaara Pakistan. (Naked, starving India, More precious than life itself – Pakistan.)

     Why was it so galling, so painful to listen to this? I tried to work it out and settled on three reasons. First, because we all know that the first part of the slogan is the embarrassing and unadorned truth about India, the emerging superpower. Second, because all Indians who are not nanga or bhooka are and have been complicit in complex and historical ways with the elaborate cultural and economic systems that make Indian society so cruel, so vulgarly unequal. And third, because it was painful to listen to people who have suffered so much themselves mock others who suffer, in different ways, but no less intensely, under the same oppressor. In that slogan I saw the seeds of how easily victims can become perpetrators.

     Syed Ali Shah Geelani began his address with a recitation from the Qur’an. He then said what he has said before, on hundreds of occasions. The only way for the struggle to succeed, he said, was to turn to the Qur’an for guidance. He said Islam would guide the struggle and that it was a complete social and moral code that would govern the people of a free Kashmir. He said Pakistan had been created as the home of Islam, and that that goal should never be subverted. He said just as Pakistan belonged to Kashmir, Kashmir belonged to Pakistan. He said minority communities would have full rights and their places of worship would be safe. Each point he made was applauded.

     I imagined myself standing in the heart of a Hindu nationalist rally being addressed by the Bharatiya Janata party’s (BJP) LK Advani. Replace the word Islam with the word Hindutva, replace the word Pakistan with Hindustan, replace the green flags with saffron ones and we would have the BJP’s nightmare vision of an ideal India.

     Is that what we should accept as our future? Monolithic religious states handing down a complete social and moral code, “a complete way of life”? Millions of us in India reject the Hindutva project. Our rejection springs from love, from passion, from a kind of idealism, from having enormous emotional stakes in the society in which we live. What our neighbours do, how they choose to handle their affairs does not affect our argument, it only strengthens it.

     Arguments that spring from love are also fraught with danger. It is for the people of Kashmir to agree or disagree with the Islamist project (which is as contested, in equally complex ways, all over the world by Muslims, as Hindutva is contested by Hindus). Perhaps now that the threat of violence has receded and there is some space in which to debate views and air ideas, it is time for those who are part of the struggle to outline a vision for what kind of society they are fighting for. Perhaps it is time to offer people something more than martyrs, slogans and vague generalisations. Those who wish to turn to the Qur’an for guidance will no doubt find guidance there. But what of those who do not wish to do that, or for whom the Qur’an does not make place? Do the Hindus of Jammu and other minorities also have the right to self-determination? Will the hundreds of thousands of Kashmiri Pandits living in exile, many of them in terrible poverty, have the right to return? Will they be paid reparations for the terrible losses they have suffered? Or will a free Kashmir do to its minorities what India has done to Kashmiris for 61 years? What will happen to homosexuals and adulterers and blasphemers? What of thieves and lafangas and writers who do not agree with the “complete social and moral code”? Will we be put to death as we are in Saudi Arabia? Will the cycle of death, repression and bloodshed continue? History offers many models for Kashmir’s thinkers and intellectuals and politicians to study. What will the Kashmir of their dreams look like? Algeria? Iran? South Africa? Switzerland? Pakistan?

     At a crucial time like this, few things are more important than dreams. A lazy utopia and a flawed sense of justice will have consequences that do not bear thinking about. This is not the time for intellectual sloth or a reluctance to assess a situation clearly and honestly.

     Already the spectre of partition has reared its head. Hindutva networks are alive with rumours about Hindus in the valley being attacked and forced to flee. In response, phone calls from Jammu reported that an armed Hindu militia was threatening a massacre and that Muslims from the two Hindu majority districts were preparing to flee. Memories of the bloodbath that ensued and claimed the lives of more than a million people when India and Pakistan were partitioned have come flooding back. That nightmare will haunt all of us forever.

     However, none of these fears of what the future holds can justify the continued military occupation of a nation and a people. No more than the old colonial argument about how the natives were not ready for freedom justified the colonial project.

     Of course there are many ways for the Indian state to continue to hold on to Kashmir. It could do what it does best. Wait. And hope the people’s energy will dissipate in the absence of a concrete plan. It could try and fracture the fragile coalition that is emerging. It could extinguish this non-violent uprising and re-invite armed militancy. It could increase the number of troops from half a million to a whole million. A few strategic massacres, a couple of targeted assassinations, some disappearances and a massive round of arrests should do the trick for a few more years.

     The unimaginable sums of public money that are needed to keep the military occupation of Kashmir going is money that ought by right to be spent on schools and hospitals and food for an impoverished, malnutritioned population in India. What kind of government can possibly believe that it has the right to spend it on more weapons, more concertina wire and more prisons in Kashmir?

     The Indian military occupation of Kashmir makes monsters of us all. It allows Hindu chauvinists to target and victimise Muslims in India by holding them hostage to the freedom struggle being waged by Muslims in Kashmir.

     India needs azadi from Kashmir just as much as – if not more than – Kashmir needs azadi from India.”

Land and freedom, Arundhati Roy

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/aug/22/kashmir.india

               Kashmir, a reading list

Kashmir: Glimpses of History and the Story of Struggle, by Saifuddin Soz

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40614895-kashmir

Hindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Islam, Rights, and the History of Kashmir, by Mridu Rai

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/410942.Hindu_Rulers_Muslim_Subjects

The Collaborator, by Mirza Waheed

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9555685-the-collaborator

The Lamentations of a Sombre Sky, by Manan Kapoor

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/27416210-the-lamentations-of-a-sombre-sky

I, Lalla: The Poems of Lal Dĕd, by Lalla, Ranjit Hoskote (Translator)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13542603-i-lalla

The Country Without a Post Office, by Agha Shahid Ali

Call Me Ishmael Tonight: A Book of Ghazals, by Agha Shahid Ali

Ravishing DisUnities: Real Ghazals in English, by Agha Shahid Ali (Editor), Sarah Suleri Goodyear

A Map of Longings: Life and Works of Agha Shahid Ali, by Manan Kapoor

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/58319086-a-map-of-longings

References

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/Swaminomics/a-tale-of-two-ethnic-cleansings-in-kashmir/

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/05/modi-brutal-treatment-of-kashmir-exposes-his-tactics-and-their-flaws

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/06/modi-india-muslims-times-square-hindu-temple

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/05/devastating-siege-kashmir-colony-india-crushing-dissent

                                            Sufism, a reading list

  These are my choices of best translations as a point of entry to a glorious and beautiful world; its marvelous to read into the subject in the original languages as I have, Classical Quranic Arabic, Classical Persian, and Ottoman Turkish, but a project beyond that of casual interest.

The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary, by Seyyed Hossein Nasr (Editor-in-Chief)

     Like Rifles to a Marine, there are many Qurans, but this one is mine

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15820216-the-study-quran

The Garden of Truth: The Vision and Promise of Sufism, Islam’s Mystical Tradition, by Seyyed Hossein Nasr

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/142133.The_Garden_of_Truth

The Essential Rumi – New Expanded Edition 2020: Translations By Coleman Barks with John Moyne, by Jalal Al-Din Rumi, Coleman Barks (Translator), John Moyne (Translator), A.J. Arberry (Translator), Reynold Alleyne Nicholson (Translator)

The Big Red Book, by Rumi, Coleman Barks (Translator)

The Way of Passion: A Celebration of Rumi, by Andrew Harvey

The Triumphal Sun: A Study of the Works of Jalāloddin Rumi, by Annemarie Schimmel, Ehsan Yarshater (Editor)

Annotated Translation of the Bezels of Wisdom, by Binyamin Abrahamov

The Meccan Revelations, by Ibn Arabi

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/739695.The_Meccan_Revelations

The Meccan Revelations, Volume II, by Ibn Arabi, Michel Chodkiewicz

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/193635.The_Meccan_Revelations_Volume_II

The Book of Ibn al-Farid, by Ibn Al-Farid, Paul Smith (Translator)

Hallaj: Mystic and Martyr – Abridged Edition, by Louis Massignon, Herbert Mason (Editor)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/165115.Hallaj

The Hand of Poetry: Five Mystic Poets of Persia: Translations from the Poems of Sanai, Attar, Rumi, Saadi and Hafiz

by Coleman Barks (Translation), Sanai, Rumi, Saadi, Attar of Nishapur,

  Hazrat Inayat Khan (Commentaries by)

The Conference of the Birds, by Attar of Nishapur, Sholeh Wolpe (Translation)

The Illuminated Hafiz: Love Poems for the Journey to Light

by Hafez, Michael Green (Illustrator), Saliha Green (Illustrator), Nancy Barton (Editor), Omid Safi (Foreword), Coleman Barks (Translator), Robert Bly (Translator), Peter Booth (Translator), Meher Baba (Translator)

Suhrawardi: The Shape of Light, by Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi, Tosun Bayrak (Preface), Shaykh Muhammad Sadiq Naqshbandi Erzinjani (Afterword), Hadrat Abdul-Qadir al-Jilani (Foreword)

Sufism and the Perfect Human: From Ibn ‘Arabī To Al-Jīlī, by Fitzroy Morrissey, Ibn Battuta (Contributor), Abd Al-Karaim Ibn Jailai (Contributor)

Fakhruddin Iraqi: Divine Flashes, by Fakhruddin Iraqi, William C. Chittick (Translator), Peter Wilson (Goodreads Author) (Translator), Seyyed Hossein Nasr (Foreword)

Khidr in Sufi Poetry: A Selection, by Paul Smith

The Four Last Great Sufi Master Poets: Selected Poems, by Paul Smith (Translator), Shah Latif, Nazir Akbarabadi, Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, Muhammad Iqbal

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/24468396-the-four-last-great-sufi-master-poets

Urdu

5 اگست 2024 فاشزم کا ظلم اور خوف کا تھیٹر: بھارتی قبضے اور مارشل لاء کے تحت کشمیر کی برسی

      کشمیر، جہاں ایک بار میں نے خوابوں کی جھیل پر کشتی رانی کی تھی، ایک سنت، اس کے بیوقوف خادم، اور ایک فرار ہونے والے مجرم کے ساتھ ایک فسادی گروہ کے خلاف رحمت کے مزار کا دفاع کیا تھا، جس نے پناہ گاہ کا دعویٰ کیا تھا، اسے خوبصورتی نے راغب کیا تھا لیکن اس کے بجائے ویژن نے دعویٰ کیا تھا۔

      یہ ہمیشہ اس طرح ہے؛ استحکام اور ماورائی، خوبصورتی اور بدصورتی، سچ اور جھوٹ، بے خودی اور دہشت، انسانی دل کی بادشاہی کے لیے موقع کا کھیل کھیلنا اور ہم میں سے کوئی بھی یقینی طور پر یہ نہیں بتا سکتا کہ کون سا ہے۔

      پانچ اگست کو کشمیر پر ہندوستان کی فتح، اس کے قبضے اور مارشل لاء کے نفاذ، مذہب کی آزادی کی چوری، نسل کشی کے نسلی تطہیر اور فرقہ وارانہ تشدد کی برسی منائی جاتی ہے، ایک ایسی فتح جو ہندوستان کی ہندو قوم پرست حکومت کی بغاوت میں اہم کردار ادا کرتی رہی ہے۔ بھارت میں جمہوریت اور پاکستان اور چین کی جنگجو سامراجی اشتعال انگیزی جس کا مقصد ہزاروں خود مختار ثقافتی برادریوں کے ایک متنوع اور جامع معاشرے سے بھارت کو خون، عقیدے کے فسطائیت کے ذریعے مل کر ہندو اتحاد کی عسکری اور گھٹیا سیاست میں تبدیل کرنا ہے۔ ، اور مٹی.

      اور فاشسٹ ظالموں کو سب سے بڑھ کر ایک چیز کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ ایک خطرہ جو دوسرے کی حدود کو متعین کرتا ہے۔ جہاں ہٹلر کے پاس یہودی تھے، مودی کے پاس مسلمان ہیں۔

اگر آپ کو پیروکاروں کی ضرورت ہے کہ وہ آپ کے اختیار کے تابع ہوں؛ اس لیے ہمیں ان لوگوں سے ہوشیار رہنا چاہیے جو ہمارے لیے بات کرنے کا دعویٰ کرتے ہیں۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ امریکہ میں میکسیکو کے ساتھ ہماری سرحد کے ساتھ حراستی کیمپوں میں پناہ گزین ہیں، خاص طور پر مقامی غیر سفید نسل کے کیتھولک؛ ہماری سرحد ہمیں سفید فام بالادستی کی نسل پرستانہ نسل کے طور پر اور الٹرا پروٹسٹنٹ قوم پرستی کی مضمر تھیوکریسی کے طور پر بیان کرتی ہے جس کی شکل اور نقوش وینل پیٹ رابرٹسن نے کی تھی جس نے مایا نسل کشی کو اکسایا تھا، جو قدامت پرستی کے لیے قانونی جواز کا ایک تھیوکریٹک انجیر کا پتی ہے جس نے 1980 میں ریپبلکن پارٹی کو بنیادی طور پر کنسرٹ کے نیٹ ورک پر قبضہ کر لیا تھا۔ پینٹی کوسٹل کرشمات اور بنیاد پرستوں اور گرجا گھروں کے جن کے ذریعے وہ بنیاد پرست ہیں اور جمہوریت کی بغاوت میں متحرک ہیں۔ اقتدار کی خدمت میں ایمان کے ہتھیار بنانے کی بالکل وہی حکمت عملی جو ہندوستان میں ہندو اشرافیہ اور پوری دنیا میں اسلامی بنیاد پرست دونوں استعمال کرتے ہیں۔ خدا پر ہم بھروسہ کرتے ہیں، جیسا کہ ہماری امریکی کرنسی اعلان کرتی ہے، جو ہم سے کہتی ہے کہ لامحدود پر یقین نہ کریں بلکہ ایک ثالث اور نمائندے کے طور پر ریاست کے سامنے سرتسلیم خم کریں، اور اس طرح کی شناختی سیاست کا مطلب ہمیشہ ہماری تشریحات اور عقیدے کی تنظیمیں ہیں جو کہ ایک منتخب کے طور پر پیدا ہوئے ہیں۔ مخصوص تاریخیں، جو بادشاہوں کو مسح کرتی ہیں اور ظالموں اور طاقت اور کنٹرول کی ریاستوں کو اختیار کرتی ہیں۔

      اس دن خاموشی کی دیوار گر گئی جو کبھی ایک خودمختار اور خودمختار قوم تھی، جس میں ہندو اور مسلمان دونوں اپنی برادریوں کی روایات پر عمل کرنے کے لیے آزاد تھے، عقیدے کے معاملے میں ریاست کی طرف سے جبر کے بغیر، ظلم کی خاموشی کس سیل میں تھی۔ معلومات تک رسائی اور اشتراک کے ہمارے عالمی انسانی حقوق کی خلاف ورزی کرتے ہوئے فون اور انٹرنیٹ مواصلات تاریک ہو گئے تاکہ کوئی مزاحمت منظم نہ ہو سکے اور دنیا کو مدد کے لیے کوئی کال نہ کی جا سکے۔ ظالموں کو سب سے پہلے ہماری آواز اور دوسروں کے ساتھ رابطے کے ذرائع کو چرانا چاہیے۔ ایک پروپیگنڈہ چکی کے جھوٹ اور فریب کے ذریعے سچائی کی تلاش میں ایک مقدس دعوت کے طور پر آزاد صحافت پر حملہ اور خود سچ پر حملہ تیزی سے جاری ہے۔

      اس دن دس ہزار لوگوں کو گرفتار کیا گیا، جن میں وہ لوگ بھی شامل تھے جو مودی کی فاشسٹ ریاست بھارت کے خلاف مزاحمت کی حکومت بنا سکتے تھے۔ دیگر آٹھ سے دس ہزار ڈیتھ اسکواڈز میں شامل ہوئے جو قابض افواج کے ناقابل تردید اثاثوں کے طور پر کام کرتے ہیں، جیسا کہ ٹرمپ کے سفید فام بالادست دہشت گردوں نے ہوم لینڈ سیکیورٹی کی خصوصی قابض فوج کے ساتھ مل کر تشدد اور توڑ پھوڑ کے ساتھ امریکہ میں مظاہروں میں خلل ڈالا۔ پولیس جس کا مشن اختلاف رائے کو دبانا اور جمہوریت کو تباہ کرنا تھا۔ یہ ظلم اور خوف کے تھیٹر کا دوسرا عمل ہے۔ ظلم و بربریت کے ذریعے مسخر کرنا اور بے بسی سیکھی۔

      برٹش ایمپائر کے خلاف نوآبادیاتی انقلاب میں امریکہ کی بہن ملک ہندوستان اور دونوں کی بنیاد سیکولر جمہوریت پر کیسے آتی ہے؟

      میں نے 30 جنوری 2020 کی میری پوسٹ میں غیر مساوی طاقت کے عمل کو بیان کیا جس کے تحت انقلابات ظالم بن جاتے ہیں، ہندوستان نے ہندو قوم پرستی کی زنجیروں کو پھینکنا شروع کیا: نئے شہریت قانون پر بڑے پیمانے پر احتجاج کی لہر اور ریاست کی طرف سے سپریم کورٹ میں چیلنج کیرالہ کے؛ جمہوری معاشرے کے دو اہم سوالات ایشو پر ہیں۔ فرنچائز، جس کو ووٹ دیا جاتا ہے، اور شہریت، جسے ہندوستانی ہونا ملتا ہے۔ مودی کی ہندو قوم پرست حکومت کے ساتھ مسئلہ یہ ہے کہ برطانوی استعمار اور سامراجی حکمرانی کے خلاف طویل جدوجہد میں ہندومت کو متحد کرنے والے اصول کے طور پر اہمیت دینے کے نتیجے میں نہ صرف آزادی حاصل ہوئی ہے بلکہ دیگر غیر ہندو لوگوں میں بھی جن کو قوم پرست اب شہریت دینے سے انکار کر دیں گے۔ اس کے تمام قانونی p

گردش

      قلم کے ایک ہی جھٹکے میں مودی ایک تکثیری اور جامع ماڈل جمہوریت کو خون، ایمان اور مٹی کی فاشسٹ ریاست میں بدل دے گا۔ خود کو اس کے ظالم کے طور پر۔

       ہندوستان حیران کن پیچیدگیوں اور تنوع کی ایک قوم ہے، جس میں تمام چیزیں تاریخی معانی اور گونج کے ساتھ پرتیں ہیں جو دس ہزار سال کی مسلسل تہذیب میں پھیلی ہوئی ہیں، جو کہ بابل سے تین گنا پرانی ہے جیسا کہ ویدوں میں بیان کردہ زمینی شکلوں سے ملتا ہے، جو بنی نوع انسان کی قدیم ترین تحریروں میں سے ہے۔ ریکارڈز ہندوستان میں 67 ثقافتیں ہیں، اور اس کی 850 زبانوں اور بولیوں میں سے 14 سرکاری زبانیں ہیں۔ آزادی تک، یہ 562 خودمختار ریاستوں کی بساط تھی، ہر ایک کے اپنے قوانین، فوجیں، پوسٹل سسٹم، اشرافیہ؛ اور اسے مزید مسلسل اگرچہ اب غیر قانونی ذات پات کے نظام نے سماجی سطح بندی کی تقریباً تین ہزار تہوں میں تقسیم کر دیا، ہر ایک کی اپنی ثقافتی روایات اور سماجی افعال کو کنٹرول کرنے والے اصول ہیں۔

      اس فہرست میں عقیدے کی تقسیم کو شامل کرنا ضروری ہے، حالانکہ ہندومت، جو کہ 80% اکثریتی ہے، وسیع پیمانے پر شامل ہے اور اس میں اصل دراوڑیوں اور بعد میں آریائی ہجرت کے دیوتاؤں اور افسانوں کے دو مختلف مجموعے شامل ہیں، جن سے جین مت اور بدھ مت کی شاخیں ہیں، وجرایانا۔ بدھ مت جس کا مطالعہ میں نے نیپال میں کاگیو آرڈر کے راہب کے طور پر کیا تھا خاص طور پر تبتی بدھ مت اور شمالی ہندوستانی شیویت اور تانترک ہندو مت کا ایک ہائبرڈ ہونے کے ناطے، ہندو مت کے جڑواں اثرات جن کا میں نے پہلے کالی کی ایک پجاری کے ساتھ مطالعہ کیا تھا، اور سکھ ایک مصالحتی ہائبرڈ ہیں۔ ہندومت اور اسلام کا۔ ابراہیمی عقائد میں سے، مسلمانوں کی تعداد ہندوستانیوں میں 14% سے زیادہ ہے، اور 2% سے زیادہ عیسائی ہیں۔ سینٹ تھامس 52 عیسوی میں مالابار کے ساحل پر اترے اور کیرالہ میں سات گرجا گھروں کی بنیاد رکھی، جنہوں نے چوتھی صدی میں انطاکیہ کی شامی عبادت کو اپنایا، اور جیسوئٹ مشنری سینٹ فرانسس زیویئر 1542 میں گوا پہنچے۔ کشمیر خود 98 فیصد اسلامی ہے، اور اس کی صوفیانہ شکل تصوف کا ایک بڑا مرکز اور وطن، جس کا میں نے سرینگر میں نقشبندی آرڈر کے ایک عالم کے طور پر مطالعہ کیا تھا، اور کشمیر میں عام طور پر صوفیانہ اسلام اور اس کے صوفی احکامات نے بدھ مت اور بدھ مت دونوں کے عناصر اور مضامین کو ضم کر لیا ہے، جو بدھ مت کے متوازی ہیں۔ شمالی ہندوستان میں سنکریٹک ہائبرڈائزیشن۔

      صدیوں سے، ہندو اور اسلامی کمیونٹیز کشمیر میں، عقائد کی آمیزش کے مقام تک پرامن طور پر ایک ساتھ رہ رہے تھے، یہاں تک کہ باہر سے مداخلت کرنے والی قوتوں نے اقتدار کی خدمت میں عقیدے کو شناختی سیاست کے طور پر استعمال کیا، اور اس سب کو توڑ دیا۔

      ہندوستان جیسی قوم کو برطانوی سلطنت جیسے ظالمانہ اور غدارانہ قبضے کے خلاف مزاحمت میں کیسے متحد کر سکتا ہے؟ قوم پرستی اور شناخت کی اپیلیں آزادی کی جدوجہد میں طاقتور ہتھیار ہیں۔ ایسی مابعد نوآبادیاتی جانشین ریاستوں کا مسئلہ یہ ہے کہ وہ اپنے انقلابی دور کے شناختی، عسکری اور آمرانہ ڈھانچے اور خصوصیات کو طاقت اور کنٹرول کے ظالموں کے طور پر وراثت میں حاصل کرتے ہیں۔

      جیسا کہ میں نے 10 مارچ 2020 کی اپنی پوسٹ میں لکھا تھا، کشمیر: انڈیا کی ایمپائر آف فیر کے سائے میں۔ بڑے پیمانے پر گرفتاریاں اور گمشدگیاں، سات ماہ بعد 5 مارچ کو انٹرنیٹ پر مکمل بلیک آؤٹ اور ڈی فیکٹو محاصرہ اٹھا لیا گیا، قابض افواج کی بربریت کے گواہوں کو اندھا کرنا، بدنام زمانہ ٹارچر سینٹرز اور شہداء کے قبرستان؛ کشمیر پر بھارت کی سامراجی فتح نسل کشی بن چکی ہے۔

       اس محاصرے سے کشمیر کی معیشت کو ڈھائی ارب ڈالر کا نقصان پہنچا، بلکہ انسانیت کے خلاف ایک جرم کو دنیا کی نظروں سے چھپایا گیا۔ بھارت میں مذہبی اور نسلی اقلیتوں کی نسل کشی اور اختلاف رائے کا وحشیانہ جبر۔ کشمیر کی آزادی کو سلب کرنے میں مودی اور ہندو قوم پرستوں کا اصل مقصد یہی تھا۔ سابق حکومت کے سیاسی رہنماؤں کی بڑے پیمانے پر قید نے اس کی منظم مزاحمت کا سر قلم کر دیا، اور نسلی تطہیر کی مہم نے بھارت کے فاشسٹ ریاستی دہشت گردی کے ذریعے کشمیر کو ہڑپ کرنے کا اشارہ دیا۔

     اسلامی کشمیر اور ہندو جموں کی سابقہ ریاست 1947 سے پاکستان اور بھارت کے درمیان خانہ جنگی اور تسلط کی براہ راست جنگ کی وجہ سے تقسیم ہے۔ میں سری نگر میں رہ رہا تھا جب 1990 میں وادی کشمیر نسلی تنازعات، انقلاب اور جنگ میں پھٹ گئی۔ ہندو قوم پرستوں کے فسادی ہجوم کو ہندوستانی اسپیشل آپریشن یونٹس نے منظم اور تقویت بخشی، جسے برطانوی راج نے سامراجی فتح کا سب سے خوفناک ہتھیار بنایا، شروع ہوا۔ گاؤں اور مساجد کو جلانے، اجتماعی عصمت دری، بے ترتیب قتل، اور لیڈروں اور کارکنوں اور واقعی کسی اور کے اغوا، تشدد، اور قتل کی معمول کی مہم۔ پاکستان نے افغانستان میں سوویت یونین کے خلاف 1980 کی جنگ کے دوران امریکہ کے ساتھ شراکت داری میں تیار کیے گئے فوج اور انٹر سروسز انٹیلی جنس ایجنسی کے تحفظ اور رحم کے مشن اور خصوصی آپریشن یونٹ بھیجے، اور برسوں کے تجربے کے ساتھ ان مجاہدین کی حمایت کی جن کے ساتھ وہ کام کر رہے ہیں۔ آج

     ہندوستان کے ہندو قوم پرستوں کی طرف سے بتائی گئی کہانی واقعات کی اس تاریخ کو پلٹتی ہے اور جہادیوں کے ذریعہ ہندو پنڈتوں کی نسلی صفائی پر توجہ مرکوز کرتی ہے۔

پاکستان کے اثاثے، بلاشبہ انسانیت کے خلاف جرم اور ریاست کا مقدمہ مجسم تشدد کے طور پر۔ میرے لیے سب سے اہم بات یہ نہیں ہے کہ پہلا پتھر کس نے پھینکا، بلکہ یہ ہے کہ ہماری انسانیت اور تہذیب کی مشترکہ اقدار کی پامالی اور انحطاط تاریخی صدمے یا ایپی جینیٹک نقصانات کا نتیجہ نہیں تھا بلکہ سامراجی تسلط کے تنازعہ کا نتیجہ تھا۔ کشمیر کی خواہش

      آزادی کے لیے سڑکوں پر لاکھوں لوگوں کے مظاہرے، بے ترتیب تشدد اور ہجوم کی حکمرانی، اور اب تک کی بہترین بلیک آپس یونٹس کے درمیان کھلی جنگ کے ساتھ، کشمیر افراتفری اور بربادی میں بدل گیا۔ صرف یہ حقیقت کہ ہندوستان سیاسی طور پر متحد نہیں تھا تین سال کے پاگل پن اور وحشت کے بعد فتح کی ناکامی کا سبب بنتا ہے۔ مودی کے انتخاب کے ساتھ ہی ہندوستان میں مقصد کا اختلاف ختم ہوا۔

      اور یہ وہ جگہ ہے جہاں ہم تبدیلی کا فائدہ اٹھا سکتے ہیں، کیونکہ ہندوستان کی ظلم اور دہشت کی ہندو قوم پرست حکومت نہ تو ڈھکی چھپی ہے اور نہ ہی عام نسل پرستی اور مذہبی عدم رواداری کی، بلکہ دنیا کے اسٹیج پر حکومت کی طرف سے ظلم اور خوف کا ایک تھیٹر ہے۔

      میں بھارت کے بائیکاٹ، تقسیم اور منظوری کا مطالبہ کرتا ہوں جب تک کہ وہ کشمیر کو ترک نہیں کرتا اور اس کی خودمختاری اور آزادی کو تسلیم نہیں کرتا۔

     جیسا کہ میں نے اپنی 6 مارچ 2020 کی پوسٹ میں لکھا تھا۔ ہندو قوم پرستوں کے تحت ہندوستان لاٹھیوں کی قوم بن گیا ہے، ایک میٹر لمبا کلب جسے جبر کی قوتیں اپنی مخصوص برادریوں سے دوسرے کو بھگانے کے لیے استعمال کرتی ہیں۔ یہ ایک قدیم ڈراؤنا خواب ہے اور سب سے زیادہ خوفناک ہے۔ سب کو ایک جیسا بنانے کے لیے۔

      میرے لیے اس کا ایک خاص معنی ہے، یہ یکسانیت۔ میری ابتدائی یادوں میں سے ایک جلتی ہوئی کراس ہے جسے ہمارے پڑوسیوں نے ایک نوبیاہتا جوڑے کے سامنے کے لان میں آگ لگا دی تھی، اس سے پہلے دو ہزار کے قریب ایک قصبے میں مشعل بردار ہجوم میں سے بہت سے لوگوں کے دوست اور رشتہ دار تھے، یہ دیگرنگ کی کارنیوالسک رسم میں۔ ریفارمڈ چرچ کے ایک ڈچ آدمی نے جنوبی افریقہ کی نسل پرست حکومت کے ساتھ اتحاد کیا، ہیری پوٹر کے ولن یا اسٹار ٹریک کے سیون آف نائن جیسے سفید بالوں والے خوفناک جنات، جو موسیقی کو گناہ سے بھرپور سمجھتے تھے، کنگ جیمز بائبل انگریزی میں تھیس سے بھری ہوئی تھی اور ہزاروں کی طرح۔ ڈچ کے لیے ایک دوسری زبان، خفیہ اور دور دراز، اور جس کے لیے ان کے سیاہ کپڑوں کے بٹنوں کو غیر بائبلی ٹیکنالوجی کے طور پر منع کیا گیا تھا، اس نے ہماری مقامی اقلیتی برادری کی ایک خاتون سے شادی کی تھی، ہنسنے والی اور زمینی، پولکا رقص، چورا پٹ کشتی سوئس کیلونسٹ۔ چرچ، جو سوئس جرمن کے نشانات کے ساتھ معیاری امریکی انگریزی بولتا تھا، اور سوئس ہال میں بارہ سال سے زیادہ عمر کے ہر فرد کو بیئر پیش کرتا تھا، جہاں فینسی ڈریس لیڈر ہوسین تھا، حالانکہ وہ عام طور پر دوسرے امریکیوں کی طرح لباس پہنتے اور کام کرتے تھے اور اس سے بھی اہم بات یہ ہے کہ وہ ان کے ساتھ بات چیت کرتے تھے۔ چرچ کی رکنیت سے قطع نظر کوئی بھی اپنے گروپ سے باہر۔ کلیسیائی برادریوں کے درمیان حدود کی اس خلاف ورزی کا جو دونوں کیلون ازم میں شروع ہوا تھا، ہمارے شہر نے اسے مخلوط شادی کہہ کر اور اپنے لان پر صلیب جلا کر جواب دیا۔

      میں اور میری والدہ یہ دیکھنے کے لیے باہر نکلے تھے کہ کیا آگ لگی ہے اور اس نفرت انگیز جرم کا منظر دریافت کیا، ایک کونے میں چکر لگاتے ہوئے اور اچانک سینکڑوں لوگوں کے درمیان دوڑ پڑے۔

     ایک لڑکا جس کو میں اسکول سے جانتا تھا، ٹارچ اٹھائے، مسکراتا اور چیختا ہوا بھاگا۔ “ہم بدکاروں کو نکال رہے ہیں!”

      تو میں نے اپنی والدہ سے پوچھا کہ ظالم کون ہیں؟

       بہت بے رحم نظر آتے ہوئے، اس نے جواب دیا؛ مشعل والے لوگ بدکردار ہیں۔ وہ دشمن ہیں، اور وہ ہمیشہ ہمارے، تمہارے اور میرے دشمن ہیں، چاہے وہ کسی کے لیے آئے ہوں۔”

     ’’وہ برے کیوں ہیں؟‘‘

      “کیونکہ وہ سب کو ایک جیسا بنانا چاہتے ہیں۔”

      اور اس کی ہمیں آخری حد تک مزاحمت کرنی چاہیے، کیونکہ اس کے علاوہ کوئی چارہ نہیں ہے۔ جو لوگ منتخب نہیں ہیں ان کا تعاقب کرنے والی قوتیں تباہی کی طرف جائیں گی۔ صرف ان کی موت کا طریقہ سوال میں ہے، تسلیم کرنے یا مزاحمت میں۔

      جب تک کہ ہم سب ایک ساتھ کھڑے نہ ہوں، ایک ایسی اٹوٹ انسانی زنجیر میں متحد نہ ہوں جس کی طاقت ہم میں سے کسی ایک یا کسی بھی قوم کی طاقت سے زیادہ ہو، جو لہروں کی طرح وسیع اور رک نہیں سکتی۔

      جیسا کہ شاندار اروندتی رائے نے 2008 میں دی گارڈین میں لکھا، زمین اور آزادی کے عنوان سے ایک مضمون میں: کشمیر بحران میں ہے: خطے کے مسلمان بھارتی حکومت کی حکمرانی کے خلاف زبردست عدم تشدد کے مظاہرے کر رہے ہیں۔ لیکن، اروندھتی رائے پوچھتی ہیں، اس علاقے کی آزادی کا اس کے لوگوں کے لیے کیا مطلب ہوگا؟ “گزشتہ 60 دنوں سے، تقریباً جون کے آخر سے، کشمیر کے لوگ آزاد ہیں۔ انتہائی گہرے معنوں میں مفت۔ انہوں نے دنیا کے سب سے گھنے عسکری زون میں، نصف ملین بھاری مسلح فوجیوں کی بندوقوں کی نظروں میں اپنی زندگی بسر کرنے کی دہشت کو ترک کر دیا ہے۔

      18 سال تک فوجی قبضے کے بعد بھارتی حکومت کا بدترین خواب پورا ہو گیا۔ یہ اعلان کرنے کے بعد کہ عسکریت پسند تحریک کو کچل دیا گیا ہے، اسے اب ایک غیر متشدد عوامی احتجاج کا سامنا ہے، لیکن اس قسم کا نہیں جس کا انتظام کرنا اسے معلوم ہے۔ یہ لوگوں کی برسوں کے جبر کی یادوں سے پروان چڑھتا ہے جس میں دسیوں ہزار مارے گئے، ہزاروں “غائب” ہو چکے ہیں۔

ہزاروں کی تعداد میں تشدد، زخمی اور ذلیل۔ اس قسم کے غصے کو، ایک بار جب اسے بولنا مل جاتا ہے، اسے آسانی سے قابو میں نہیں رکھا جا سکتا، اسے دوبارہ بند کر کے واپس بھیجا جا سکتا ہے جہاں سے یہ آیا تھا۔

      قسمت کا اچانک موڑ، ریاستی جنگلات کی 100 ایکڑ اراضی امرناتھ شرائن بورڈ (جو کشمیر ہمالیہ میں گہرے غار میں سالانہ ہندو یاترا کا انتظام کرتا ہے) کو منتقل کرنے کے بارے میں ایک غیر سوچی سمجھی حرکت اچانک روشنی پھینکنے کے مترادف ہو گئی۔ پیٹرول کے ایک بیرل میں میچ کریں۔ 1989 تک امرناتھ یاترا تقریباً 20,000 لوگوں کو اپنی طرف متوجہ کرتی تھی جو تقریباً دو ہفتوں کے عرصے میں امرناتھ غار کا سفر کرتے تھے۔ 1990 میں، جب وادی میں واضح طور پر اسلام پسند عسکریت پسند بغاوت ہندوستان کے میدانی علاقوں میں پرتشدد ہندو قوم پرستی (ہندوتوا) کے پھیلنے کے ساتھ ہی ہوئی، یاتریوں کی تعداد میں تیزی سے اضافہ ہونا شروع ہوا۔ 2008 تک 500,000 سے زیادہ حجاج کرام نے زیارت کی۔

      امرناتھ غار، بڑے گروپوں میں، ان کے گزرنے کو اکثر ہندوستانی کاروباری گھرانوں کی طرف سے سپانسر کیا جاتا ہے۔ وادی میں بہت سے لوگوں کے نزدیک تعداد میں اس ڈرامائی اضافے کو ایک بڑھتے ہوئے ہندو بنیاد پرست ہندوستانی ریاست کے جارحانہ سیاسی بیان کے طور پر دیکھا گیا۔ صحیح یا غلط، زمین کی منتقلی کو پچر کے پتلے کنارے کے طور پر دیکھا جاتا تھا۔ اس نے ایک خدشہ پیدا کیا کہ یہ اسرائیلی طرز کی بستیوں کی تعمیر اور وادی کی آبادی کو تبدیل کرنے کے ایک وسیع منصوبے کا آغاز تھا۔

      کئی دنوں تک جاری رہنے والے زبردست احتجاج نے وادی کو مکمل طور پر بند کرنے پر مجبور کر دیا۔ چند گھنٹوں میں احتجاج شہروں سے دیہات تک پھیل گیا۔ نوجوان پتھراؤ کرنے والے سڑکوں پر نکل آئے اور مسلح پولیس کا سامنا کرنا پڑا جنہوں نے ان پر سیدھی گولیاں چلائیں، جس سے متعدد افراد مارے گئے۔ لوگوں کے ساتھ ساتھ حکومت کے لیے، اس نے 90 کی دہائی کے اوائل میں ہونے والی بغاوت کی یادیں تازہ کر دیں۔ کئی ہفتوں کے احتجاج، ہرتال (ہڑتالوں) اور پولیس فائرنگ کے دوران، جب کہ ہندوتوا کی تشہیر کی مشین نے کشمیریوں پر ہر قسم کی فرقہ وارانہ زیادتی کا الزام لگایا، 500,000 امرناتھ یاتریوں نے اپنی یاترا مکمل کی، نہ صرف تکلیف پہنچی، بلکہ ان کی مہمان نوازی سے متاثر ہوئے۔ مقامی لوگوں کی طرف سے.

      آخر کار، ردعمل کی بے رحمی پر پوری طرح حیرانی سے، حکومت نے زمین کی منتقلی کو منسوخ کر دیا۔ لیکن تب تک زمین کی منتقلی وہ بن چکی تھی جسے سید علی شاہ گیلانی، جو سب سے سینئر اور سب سے زیادہ واضح طور پر اسلام پسند علیحدگی پسند رہنما تھے، نے ایک “نان ایشو” کہا۔

      جموں میں منسوخی کے خلاف زبردست مظاہرے پھوٹ پڑے۔ وہاں بھی، یہ مسئلہ بہت بڑی چیز بن گیا۔ ہندوؤں نے بھارتی ریاست کی طرف سے نظرانداز اور امتیازی سلوک کے مسائل اٹھانا شروع کر دیے۔ (کچھ عجیب و غریب وجہ سے انہوں نے اس غفلت کا الزام کشمیریوں کو ٹھہرایا۔) مظاہروں کی وجہ سے جموں سری نگر ہائی وے بلاک ہو گئی، جو کشمیر اور بھارت کے درمیان واحد فعال روڈ لنک ہے۔ خراب ہونے والے تازہ پھلوں اور وادی کی پیداوار کے ٹرکوں سے لدے سڑنے لگے۔

      ناکہ بندی نے کشمیر کے لوگوں کے سامنے کسی غیر یقینی صورت حال کا مظاہرہ کیا کہ وہ مصائب کی زندگی گزار رہے ہیں، اور یہ کہ اگر وہ خود برتاؤ نہیں کرتے ہیں تو انہیں محاصرے میں رکھا جا سکتا ہے، بھوکا رکھا جا سکتا ہے، ضروری اشیاء اور طبی سامان سے محروم رکھا جا سکتا ہے۔

      معاملات کے ختم ہونے کی توقع کرنا یقیناً مضحکہ خیز تھا۔ کیا کسی نے اس بات پر غور نہیں کیا کہ کشمیر میں پانی اور بجلی جیسے شہری مسائل پر ہونے والے معمولی احتجاج بھی لامحالہ آزادی، آزادی کے مطالبات میں بدل جاتے ہیں؟ انہیں بڑے پیمانے پر فاقہ کشی کی دھمکی دینا سیاسی خودکشی کے مترادف ہے۔

      حیرت کی بات نہیں ہے کہ حکومت ہند نے کشمیر میں جس آواز کو خاموش کرنے کی بہت کوشش کی ہے وہ ایک گونجنے والی گرج میں تبدیل ہو گئی ہے۔ فوجی کیمپوں، چوکیوں اور بنکروں کے کھیل کے میدان میں اٹھائے گئے ٹارچر چیمبروں کی چیخوں کے ساتھ آواز اٹھانے کے لیے، نوجوان نسل نے اچانک عوامی احتجاج کی طاقت کو دریافت کیا ہے، اور سب سے بڑھ کر یہ کہ اپنے کندھے سیدھا کرنے اور بولنے کے قابل ہونے کا وقار۔ خود، خود کی نمائندگی کرتے ہیں. اُن کے لیے یہ کسی بھی قسم کی افادیت سے کم نہیں۔ موت کا خوف بھی ان کو روکتا دکھائی نہیں دیتا۔ اور ایک بار جب یہ خوف ختم ہو جائے تو دنیا کی سب سے بڑی یا دوسری بڑی فوج کا کیا فائدہ؟

      ماضی میں بڑے پیمانے پر ریلیاں ہوتی رہی ہیں، لیکن حالیہ یادوں میں کوئی بھی ایسی ریلیاں نہیں جو اتنی پائیدار اور وسیع رہی ہوں۔ کشمیر کی مرکزی دھارے کی سیاسی جماعتیں – نیشنل کانفرنس اور پیپلز ڈیموکریٹک پارٹی – نئی دہلی کے ٹی وی اسٹوڈیوز میں مباحثوں کے لیے فرض شناس نظر آتی ہیں، لیکن کشمیر کی سڑکوں پر آنے کی ہمت نہیں کر پاتی ہیں۔ مسلح عسکریت پسند، جنہیں بدترین جبر کے دوران آزادی کی مشعل کو آگے لے جانے والے واحد کے طور پر دیکھا گیا، اگر وہ بالکل بھی آس پاس ہیں، تو وہ پیچھے بیٹھنے پر راضی نظر آتے ہیں اور لوگوں کو تبدیلی کی لڑائی لڑنے دیتے ہیں۔

      علیحدگی پسند رہنما جو ریلیوں میں نظر آتے ہیں اور تقریر کرتے ہیں وہ لیڈر نہیں ہیں جتنے پیروکار ہیں، جو کشمیر کی سڑکوں پر پھٹنے والے پنجرے میں بند، مشتعل لوگوں کی غیر معمولی بے ساختہ توانائی سے رہنمائی حاصل کر رہے ہیں۔ دن بہ دن، لاکھوں لوگ ان جگہوں کے گرد گھومتے ہیں جو ان کے لیے خوفناک یادیں رکھتی ہیں۔ وہ بنکروں کو مسمار کرتے ہیں، کنسرٹینا کے تاروں کو توڑتے ہیں اور فوجیوں کی مشین گنوں کے بیرل کو سیدھا گھورتے ہیں، وہ کہتے ہیں جو ہندوستان میں بہت کم لوگ سننا چاہتے ہیں۔ ہم کیا

چاہتے؟ آزادی! (ہم آزادی چاہتے ہیں۔) اور، برابر تعداد میں اور یکساں شدت کے ساتھ کہنا پڑے گا: جیوے جیوے پاکستان۔ (پاکستان زندہ باد)

      یہ آواز وادی میں ایسے گونجتی ہے جیسے ٹین کی چھت پر مسلسل بارش کے ڈھول کی دھڑکن، بجلی کے طوفان کے دوران گرج چمک کی طرح۔

      15 اگست کو ہندوستان کے یوم آزادی کے موقع پر، سری نگر کے اعصابی مرکز لال چوک کو ہزاروں لوگوں نے اپنی لپیٹ میں لے لیا جنہوں نے پاکستانی پرچم لہرائے اور ایک دوسرے کو “ہیپی دیر سے یوم آزادی” کی مبارکباد دی غلامی کا دن” مزاح ظاہر ہے، کشمیر میں بھارت کے کئی ٹارچر سینٹرز اور ابوغریب سے بچ گیا ہے۔

      16 اگست کو 300,000 سے زیادہ لوگوں نے پمپور کی طرف حریت رہنما شیخ عبدالعزیز کے گاؤں کی طرف مارچ کیا، جنہیں پانچ دن پہلے ہی سردی میں گولی مار دی گئی تھی۔

      17 اگست کی رات پولیس نے شہر کو سیل کر دیا۔ سڑکوں پر رکاوٹیں کھڑی کر دی گئیں، ہزاروں مسلح پولیس نے رکاوٹیں کھڑی کر دیں۔ سری نگر جانے والی سڑکیں بلاک کر دی گئیں۔ 18 اگست کی صبح، وادی بھر کے دیہاتوں اور قصبوں سے لوگ سری نگر میں آنا شروع ہو گئے۔ ٹرکوں، ٹیمپوز، جیپوں، بسوں میں اور پیدل۔ ایک بار پھر، رکاوٹیں ٹوٹ گئیں اور لوگوں نے اپنے شہر پر دوبارہ دعویٰ کیا۔ پولیس کو یا تو ایک طرف ہٹنے یا قتل عام کو انجام دینے کے انتخاب کا سامنا تھا۔ وہ ایک طرف ہٹ گئے۔ ایک گولی بھی نہیں چلائی گئی۔

      شہر مسکراہٹوں کے سمندر پر تیرتا رہا۔ فضا میں جوش تھا۔ ہر ایک کے پاس بینر تھا۔ ہاؤس بوٹ کے مالکان، تاجر، طلباء، وکلاء، ڈاکٹر۔ ایک نے کہا: “ہم سب قیدی ہیں، ہمیں آزاد کرو۔” ایک اور نے کہا: “آزادی کے بغیر جمہوریت شیطانی پاگل ہے۔” شیطان پاگل۔ یہ ایک اچھا تھا. شاید وہ اس پاگل پن کی طرف اشارہ کر رہے تھے جو دنیا کی سب سے بڑی جمہوریت کو دنیا کے سب سے بڑے فوجی قبضے کا انتظام کرنے اور خود کو جمہوریت کہنے کی اجازت دیتا ہے۔

      ہر لیمپ پوسٹ، ہر چھت، ہر بس اسٹاپ اور چنار کے درختوں کی چوٹی پر سبز جھنڈا تھا۔ آل انڈیا ریڈیو کی عمارت کے باہر ایک بڑا پھڑپڑا۔ سڑک کے نشانات پر پینٹ کیا گیا تھا۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ راولپنڈی۔ یا صرف پاکستان؟ یہ تصور کرنا غلط ہوگا کہ پاکستان کے لیے عوامی محبت کا اظہار خود بخود پاکستان سے الحاق کی خواہش میں بدل جاتا ہے۔ اس میں سے کچھ کا تعلق اس حمایت کے لیے شکر گزاری کے ساتھ ہے – مذموم یا دوسری صورت میں – جسے کشمیری اپنی جدوجہد آزادی کے طور پر دیکھتے ہیں، اور ہندوستانی ریاست ایک دہشت گرد مہم کے طور پر دیکھتی ہے۔ اس کا تعلق شرارت سے بھی ہے۔ کہنے اور کرنے سے جو ہندوستان کو سب سے زیادہ پریشان کرتا ہے۔ (ایک “آزادی کی جدوجہد” کے خیال کا مذاق اڑانا آسان ہے جو خود کو ایک ایسے ملک سے دور کرنا چاہتا ہے جسے جمہوریت سمجھا جاتا ہے اور خود کو کسی دوسرے کے ساتھ جوڑنا چاہتا ہے جس پر زیادہ تر فوجی آمروں کی حکومت رہی ہے۔ فوج نے اس وقت بنگلہ دیش میں نسل کشی کی ہے، ایک ایسا ملک جو اس وقت اپنی نسلی جنگ سے ٹوٹ پھوٹ کا شکار ہے، یہ اہم سوالات ہیں، لیکن اس وقت یہ سوچنا زیادہ مفید ہے کہ اس نام نہاد جمہوریت نے کشمیر میں کیا کیا؟ لوگ اس سے نفرت کرتے ہیں؟)

      ہر طرف پاکستان کے جھنڈے، ہر طرف رونا پاکستان سے رشتہ کیا؟ لا الہ الا اللہ۔ (پاکستان کے ساتھ ہمارا کیا رشتہ ہے؟ اللہ کے سوا کوئی معبود نہیں۔) Azadi ka matlab kya? لا الہ الا اللہ۔ (آزادی کا مطلب کیا ہے؟ اللہ کے سوا کوئی معبود نہیں۔)

      میرے جیسے کسی کے لیے، جو مسلمان نہیں ہے، آزادی کی اس تشریح کو سمجھنا مشکل ہے – اگر ناممکن نہیں تو -۔ میں نے ایک نوجوان خاتون سے پوچھا کہ کیا کشمیر کی آزادی کا مطلب عورت کی حیثیت سے اس کے لیے کم آزادی نہیں ہے؟ وہ کندھے اچکا کر بولی “اب ہمارے پاس کیسی آزادی ہے؟ ہندوستانی فوجیوں کے ہاتھوں زیادتی کی آزادی؟” اس کے جواب نے مجھے خاموش کر دیا۔

     سبز جھنڈوں کے سمندر میں گھرے ہوئے، میرے ارد گرد ہونے والی بغاوت کے گہرے اسلامی جذبے پر شک کرنا یا نظر انداز کرنا ناممکن تھا۔ اسے ایک شیطانی، دہشت گرد جہاد کا لیبل لگانا بھی اتنا ہی ناممکن تھا۔ کشمیریوں کے لیے یہ کیتھرسس تھا۔ آزادی کی جدوجہد میں تمام خامیوں، ظلم اور الجھنوں کے ساتھ آزادی کی طویل اور پیچیدہ جدوجہد کا ایک تاریخی لمحہ۔ یہ کسی بھی طرح سے اپنے آپ کو قدیم نہیں کہہ سکتا، اور ہمیشہ اس کی وجہ سے بدنامی کا شکار رہے گا، اور کیا کسی دن، مجھے امید ہے کہ، دیگر چیزوں کے علاوہ، بغاوت کے ابتدائی سالوں میں کشمیری پنڈتوں کے وحشیانہ قتل کا حساب دینا پڑے گا، جس کا اختتام وادی کشمیر سے تقریباً پوری ہندو برادری کا اخراج۔

      جوں جوں ہجوم بڑھتا رہا میں نے نعروں کو غور سے سنا، کیونکہ بیان بازی میں اکثر ہر قسم کی سمجھ کی کلید ہوتی ہے۔ بھارت کے لیے بے شمار طعنے اور ذلتیں تھیں: اے جبیرون آئے ظالم، کشمیر ہمارا چھوڑ دو (اے ظالمو، اے ظالمو، ہمارے کشمیر سے نکل جاؤ۔) وہ نعرہ جس نے مجھے چھری کی طرح کاٹ کر میرا دل توڑ دیا۔ ایک: نانگا بھوکا ہندوستان، جان سے پیارا پاکستان۔ (ننگا، بھوکا بھارت، جان سے بھی زیادہ قیمتی – پاکستان۔)

      یہ سننا اتنا دردناک، اتنا دردناک کیوں تھا؟ میں نے اسے ختم کرنے کی کوشش کی اور تین وجوہات پر طے کیا۔ سب سے پہلے، کیونکہ ہم سب جانتے ہیں کہ ایس کا پہلا حصہ

لوگان ابھرتی ہوئی سپر پاور، بھارت کے بارے میں شرمناک اور بے ڈھنگی سچائی ہے۔ دوسرا، کیونکہ تمام ہندوستانی جو نانگا یا بھوکا نہیں ہیں، پیچیدہ اور تاریخی طریقوں سے ان وسیع ثقافتی اور معاشی نظاموں کے ساتھ جڑے ہوئے ہیں جو ہندوستانی سماج کو اتنا ظالمانہ، بے ہودہ غیر مساوی بنا دیتے ہیں۔ اور تیسرا، کیونکہ ان لوگوں کو سننا تکلیف دہ تھا جنہوں نے خود بہت زیادہ اذیتیں برداشت کی ہیں جو دوسروں کا مذاق اڑاتے ہیں، مختلف طریقوں سے، لیکن کم شدت کے ساتھ، ایک ہی ظالم کے تحت۔ اس نعرے میں میں نے اس بات کا بیج دیکھا کہ متاثرین کتنی آسانی سے مجرم بن سکتے ہیں۔

      سید علی شاہ گیلانی نے اپنے خطاب کا آغاز تلاوت قرآن سے کیا۔ اس نے پھر وہی کہا جو وہ پہلے بھی کہہ چکے ہیں، سینکڑوں مواقع پر۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ جدوجہد کی کامیابی کا واحد راستہ رہنمائی کے لیے قرآن کی طرف رجوع کرنا ہے۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ اسلام جدوجہد کی رہنمائی کرے گا اور یہ ایک مکمل سماجی اور اخلاقی ضابطہ ہے جو آزاد کشمیر کے لوگوں پر حکومت کرے گا۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ پاکستان اسلام کے گھر کے طور پر بنایا گیا تھا اور اس مقصد کو کبھی پامال نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ انہوں نے کہا جس طرح پاکستان کشمیر کا ہے اسی طرح کشمیر بھی پاکستان کا ہے۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ اقلیتی برادریوں کو مکمل حقوق حاصل ہوں گے اور ان کی عبادت گاہیں محفوظ ہوں گی۔ اس کے ہر نکتے کو سراہا گیا۔

      میں نے اپنے آپ کو ایک ہندو قوم پرست ریلی کے دل میں کھڑا تصور کیا جس سے بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی (بی جے پی) کے ایل کے ایڈوانی خطاب کر رہے تھے۔ لفظ اسلام کو ہندوتوا کے لفظ سے بدل دیں، لفظ پاکستان کو ہندستان سے بدل دیں، سبز جھنڈوں کی جگہ زعفرانی جھنڈیاں لگائیں اور ہمارے پاس ایک مثالی ہندوستان کا بی جے پی کا ڈراؤنا خواب ہوگا۔

      کیا ہمیں اپنے مستقبل کے طور پر یہی قبول کرنا چاہیے؟ یک سنگی مذہبی ریاستیں ایک مکمل سماجی اور اخلاقی ضابطہ، “ایک مکمل طرز زندگی” کے حوالے کر رہی ہیں؟ ہندوستان میں ہم لاکھوں لوگ ہندوتوا کے منصوبے کو مسترد کرتے ہیں۔ ہمارا انکار محبت سے، جذبے سے، ایک قسم کی آئیڈیلزم سے، جس معاشرے میں ہم رہتے ہیں اس میں بہت زیادہ جذباتی داؤ پر لگنے سے پیدا ہوتا ہے۔ ہمارے پڑوسی کیا کرتے ہیں، وہ اپنے معاملات کو کس طرح سنبھالتے ہیں اس سے ہماری دلیل پر کوئی اثر نہیں پڑتا، یہ صرف اسے مضبوط کرتا ہے۔

      محبت سے جنم لینے والے دلائل بھی خطرے سے بھرے ہوتے ہیں۔ یہ کشمیر کے لوگوں کے لیے ہے کہ وہ اسلام پسند منصوبے سے متفق ہوں یا اس سے اختلاف کریں (جس کا مقابلہ دنیا بھر میں مسلمانوں نے اسی طرح پیچیدہ طریقوں سے کیا ہے، جیسا کہ ہندوتوا کا ہندوؤں نے مقابلہ کیا ہے)۔ شاید اب جب کہ تشدد کا خطرہ کم ہو گیا ہے اور کچھ جگہ ہے جس میں نظریات اور نظریات پر بحث کی جا سکتی ہے، اب وقت آ گیا ہے کہ جدوجہد کا حصہ بننے والوں کے لیے ایک نقطہ نظر کا خاکہ پیش کریں کہ وہ کس قسم کے معاشرے کے لیے لڑ رہے ہیں۔ شاید اب وقت آگیا ہے کہ لوگوں کو شہیدوں، نعروں اور مبہم عامیوں سے بڑھ کر کچھ پیش کیا جائے۔ جو لوگ ہدایت کے لیے قرآن کی طرف رجوع کرنا چاہتے ہیں وہ بلا شبہ وہاں رہنمائی پائیں گے۔ لیکن ان لوگوں کا کیا ہوگا جو ایسا نہیں کرنا چاہتے، یا جن کے لیے قرآن جگہ نہیں رکھتا؟ کیا جموں کے ہندوؤں اور دیگر اقلیتوں کو بھی حق خود ارادیت حاصل ہے؟ کیا جلاوطنی کی زندگی گزارنے والے لاکھوں کشمیری پنڈتوں کو، جن میں سے بہت سے خوفناک غربت میں ہیں، کو واپسی کا حق ملے گا؟ کیا انہیں ان خوفناک نقصانات کی تلافی کی جائے گی جو انہوں نے اٹھائے ہیں؟ یا آزاد کشمیر اپنی اقلیتوں کے ساتھ وہی کرے گا جو بھارت نے 61 سالوں سے کشمیریوں کے ساتھ کیا ہے؟ ہم جنس پرستوں اور زناکاروں اور توہین رسالت کرنے والوں کا کیا ہوگا؟ چوروں اور لفنگوں اور ادیبوں کا کیا ہوگا جو “مکمل سماجی اور اخلاقی ضابطہ” سے متفق نہیں ہیں؟ کیا ہمیں سعودی عرب کی طرح موت کے گھاٹ اتار دیا جائے گا؟ کیا موت، جبر اور خونریزی کا سلسلہ جاری رہے گا؟ تاریخ کشمیر کے مفکرین، دانشوروں اور سیاست دانوں کو مطالعہ کے لیے بہت سے نمونے پیش کرتی ہے۔ ان کے خوابوں کا کشمیر کیسا ہو گا؟ الجزائر؟ ایران؟ جنوبی افریقہ؟ سوئٹزرلینڈ؟ پاکستان؟

      اس طرح کے اہم وقت میں چند چیزیں خوابوں سے زیادہ اہم ہوتی ہیں۔ ایک سست یوٹوپیا اور انصاف کے ناقص احساس کے ایسے نتائج ہوں گے جن کے بارے میں سوچنا برداشت نہیں کرتا ہے۔ یہ وقت فکری کاہلی یا کسی صورت حال کا صاف اور ایمانداری سے جائزہ لینے میں ہچکچاہٹ کا نہیں ہے۔

      تقسیم کا خوف پہلے ہی سر اٹھا چکا ہے۔ ہندوتوا نیٹ ورک ان افواہوں کے ساتھ زندہ ہیں کہ وادی میں ہندوؤں پر حملہ کیا جا رہا ہے اور انہیں بھاگنے پر مجبور کیا جا رہا ہے۔ جواب میں، جموں سے فون کالز نے اطلاع دی کہ ایک مسلح ہندو ملیشیا قتل عام کی دھمکی دے رہی ہے اور دو ہندو اکثریتی اضلاع سے مسلمان بھاگنے کی تیاری کر رہے ہیں۔ ہندوستان اور پاکستان کی تقسیم کے وقت جو خون خرابہ ہوا تھا اور جس نے دس لاکھ سے زیادہ لوگوں کی جانیں لی تھیں اس کی یادیں پھر سے سیلاب آ گئی ہیں۔ وہ ڈراؤنا خواب ہم سب کو ہمیشہ کے لیے ستائے گا۔

      تاہم، مستقبل کے بارے میں ان میں سے کوئی بھی خوف کسی قوم اور عوام پر مسلسل فوجی قبضے کا جواز پیش نہیں کر سکتا۔ پرانے نوآبادیاتی استدلال سے زیادہ نہیں کہ کس طرح مقامی باشندے آزادی کے لیے تیار نہیں تھے نوآبادیاتی منصوبے کا جواز پیش کیا۔

      یقیناً ہندوستانی ریاست کے پاس کشمیر پر قبضہ جاری رکھنے کے بہت سے طریقے ہیں۔ یہ وہی کرسکتا ہے جو یہ سب سے بہتر کرتا ہے۔ انتظار کرو۔ اور امید ہے کہ ٹھوس منصوبہ بندی کی عدم موجودگی میں عوام کی توانائی ضائع ہو جائے گی۔ یہ اس کمزور اتحاد کو ٹوٹنے کی کوشش کر سکتا ہے۔

ابھرتی ہوئی یہ اس عدم تشدد کی بغاوت کو بجھا سکتا ہے اور مسلح عسکریت پسندی کو دوبارہ دعوت دے سکتا ہے۔ یہ فوجیوں کی تعداد نصف ملین سے بڑھا کر ایک ملین تک لے جا سکتا ہے۔ چند سٹریٹجک قتل عام، ایک دو ٹارگٹ قتل، کچھ گمشدگیاں اور گرفتاریوں کا ایک بڑا دور کچھ اور سالوں تک یہ چال چلنا چاہیے۔

      کشمیر پر فوجی قبضے کو جاری رکھنے کے لیے جن عوامی پیسوں کی ضرورت ہے وہ ناقابل تصور رقم ہے جو ہندوستان میں غریب، غذائی قلت کا شکار آبادی کے لیے اسکولوں اور اسپتالوں اور خوراک پر خرچ کی جانی چاہیے۔ کس قسم کی حکومت ممکنہ طور پر یہ مان سکتی ہے کہ اسے کشمیر میں زیادہ ہتھیاروں، زیادہ کنسرٹینا تاروں اور زیادہ جیلوں پر خرچ کرنے کا حق ہے؟

      کشمیر پر بھارتی فوجی قبضہ ہم سب کو عفریت بنا دیتا ہے۔ یہ ہندو شاونسٹوں کو کشمیر میں مسلمانوں کی طرف سے جاری آزادی کی جدوجہد کو یرغمال بنا کر ہندوستان میں مسلمانوں کو نشانہ بنانے اور ان کا نشانہ بنانے کی اجازت دیتا ہے۔

      بھارت کو کشمیر سے آزادی کی اتنی ہی ضرورت ہے – اگر اس سے زیادہ نہیں – کشمیر کو بھارت سے آزادی کی ضرورت ہے۔

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5 أغسطس 2024 مسرح القسوة والخوف للفاشية: ذكرى كشمير تحت الاحتلال الهندي والأحكام العرفية

     كشمير ، حيث أبحرت ذات مرة على بحيرة الأحلام ، دافعت عن ضريح الرحمة ضد حشد مشاغب مع قديس ، وخادمه الأبله ، ومجرم هارب ادعى ملاذًا ، استقطبت الجمال ولكن بدلاً من ذلك ادعت فيجن.

     هو دائما هكذا. المحايثة والتعالي ، والجمال والقبح ، والحقيقة والأكاذيب ، والنشوة والإرهاب ، ولعب ألعاب الحظ لمملكة قلب الإنسان ، ولا أحد منا يستطيع أن يقول بالتأكيد أيهما.

     يصادف الخامس من أغسطس ذكرى احتلال الهند لكشمير ، واحتلالها وفرض الأحكام العرفية ، وسرقة حرية الدين ، والتطهير العرقي والإبادة الجماعية والعنف الطائفي ، وهو الفتح الذي كان له دور فعال في النظام القومي الهندوسي في التخريب. للديمقراطية في الهند والاستفزاز الإمبريالي المحارب لباكستان والصين والذي يهدف إلى تحويل الهند من مجتمع متنوع وشامل للآلاف من المجتمعات الثقافية المستقلة إلى نظام حكم مسلح ومجرد من الوحدة الهندوسية من خلال فاشية الدم والإيمان. و التربة.

     وتتطلب أنظمة الاستبداد الفاشية شيئًا واحدًا فوق كل شيء ؛ تهديد يحدد حدود الآخر. حيث كان هتلر يهودًا ، كان لدى مودي مسلمون.

تعتبر فئات الآخر الإقصائي ضرورية إذا كنت بحاجة إلى أن يخضع المتابعون لسلطتك ؛ لهذا السبب يجب أن نحذر من أولئك الذين يدعون أنهم يتحدثون نيابة عنا. لهذا السبب يوجد في أمريكا لاجئون لاتينيون ، معظمهم من الكاثوليك من أصول غير بيضاء ، في معسكرات الاعتقال على طول حدودنا مع المكسيك ؛ تُعرّفنا حدودنا على أنها عرقية تفوق بيضاء وثيوقراطية ضمنية للقومية البروتستانتية المتطرفة كما شكلها وطبعها الراهب بات روبرتسون الذي حرض على الإبادة الجماعية للمايا ، وهي ورقة توت من شرعية المحافظة التي استولت على الحزب الجمهوري في عام 1980 وتتألف بشكل أساسي من شبكات من الكاريزماتيين الخمسينيين والأصوليين والكنائس التي من خلالها يتطرفون ويتحشدون في تقويض الديمقراطية. بالضبط نفس استراتيجية تسليح الإيمان في خدمة السلطة التي استخدمتها كل من النخب الهندوسية في الهند والأصوليين الإسلاميين في جميع أنحاء العالم. بالله نحن نثق ، كما تعلن عملتنا الأمريكية ، وهذه السياسات الهووية تعني دائمًا تفسيراتنا وتنظيماتنا الإيمانية ، التي ولدت من تواريخ محددة ، والتي تمسح الملوك وتفوض الاستبداد وحالات القوة والسيطرة.

     في هذا اليوم ، سقط جدار صمت على ما كان ذات يوم دولة مستقلة وذات سيادة ، كان لكل من الهندوس والمسلمين حرية اتباع تقاليد مجتمعاتهم دون إكراه الدولة في أمور العقيدة ، صمت الاستبداد في أي خلية. أصبحت الاتصالات الهاتفية والإنترنت مظلمة في انتهاك لحقوق الإنسان العالمية الخاصة بالوصول إلى المعلومات ومشاركتها بحيث لا يمكن تنظيم مقاومة ولا يمكن إجراء مكالمات لمساعدة العالم. يجب على الطغاة أولاً أن يسرقوا أصواتنا ووسائل الاتصال بالآخرين ؛ وسرعان ما يستمر الهجوم على الصحافة المستقلة وعلى الحقيقة من خلال أكاذيب وخداع طاحونة الدعاية.

     تم اعتقال عشرة آلاف شخص في ذلك اليوم ، بمن فيهم أي شخص قد يشكل حكومة مقاومة ضد ولاية مودي الفاشية في الهند ؛ وانضم آخرون إلى ثمانية إلى عشرة آلاف مختفٍ على يد فرق الموت التي تعمل كأصول لا يمكن إنكارها لقوات الاحتلال ، تمامًا كما قام إرهابيو ترامب العنصريون بعرقلة الاحتجاجات هنا في أمريكا بالعنف والتخريب بالتنسيق مع قوة الاحتلال الخاصة للشرطة السرية. كانت المهمة لقمع المعارضة وتخريب الديمقراطية. هذا هو الفصل الثاني لمسرح الطغيان للقسوة والخوف. للإخضاع من خلال الوحشية والعجز المكتسب.

     كيف يمكن للهند ، الدولة الشقيقة لأمريكا في ثورة مناهضة للاستعمار ضد الإمبراطورية البريطانية وكلاهما مؤسس على الديمقراطية العلمانية ، أن تصل إلى هذا؟

لقد وصفت عمليات القوة غير المتكافئة حيث أصبحت الثورات طغيانًا في منصبي بتاريخ 30 يناير 2020 ، الهند تبدأ في التخلص من قيود القومية الهندوسية: موجة من الاحتجاجات الجماهيرية ضد قانون المواطنة الجديد وتحدٍ في المحكمة العليا من قبل الدولة ولاية كيرالا. هناك سؤالان أساسيان للمجتمع الديمقراطي ؛ الامتياز ، الذي يحق له التصويت ، والمواطنة ، الذي يجب أن يكون هنديًا. تكمن مشكلة حكومة مودي الهندوسية القومية في أن تثمين الهندوسية كمبدأ موحد في النضال الطويل ضد الاستعمار البريطاني والحكم الإمبريالي لم يؤد فقط إلى الاستفادة من الاستقلال ، ولكن أيضًا في تجنيب الشعوب غير الهندوسية الأخرى التي ينكر القوميون لها الآن الجنسية. كل الحماية القانونية.

     بضربة واحدة بقلم مودي سيحول نموذج الديمقراطية التعددية والشاملة إلى حالة فاشية من الدم والإيمان والتربة. مع نفسه باعتباره طاغية لها.

      الهند هي دولة ذات تعقيد وتنوع مذهلين ، حيث يتم وضع كل الأشياء في طبقات ذات معاني تاريخية وأصداء تمتد عبر عشرة آلاف سنة من الحضارة المستمرة ، أقدم بثلاث مرات من بابل كما تم تأريخها من التضاريس الموصوفة في الفيدا ، من بين أقدم كتابات البشرية المعروفة. السجلات. الهند تحتوي على 67 ثقافة ، ومن بين 850 لغة ولهجة هناك 14 لغة رسمية. حتى الاستقلال ، كانت عبارة عن رقعة شطرنج مكونة من 562 دولة ذات سيادة ، لكل منها قوانينها الخاصة وجيوشها وأنظمتها البريدية وأرستقراطياتها ؛ وتم تقسيمها أيضًا من خلال النظام الطبقي المستمر على الرغم من أنه غير قانوني الآن إلى حوالي ثلاثة آلاف طبقة من الطبقات الاجتماعية ، لكل منها تقاليدها الثقافية الخاصة وقواعدها التي تحكم الوظائف الاجتماعية.

     إلى هذه القائمة ، يجب على المرء أن يضيف أقسامًا إيمانية ، على الرغم من أن الهندوسية ، التي تشكل أغلبية 80٪ ، شاملة على نطاق واسع وتحتوي على مجموعتين مختلفتين من الآلهة والأساطير من Dravidians الأصلي والهجرة الآرية اللاحقة ، والتي منها اليانية والبوذية فرعان ، فاجرايانا البوذية التي درستها كراهب من رتبة كاغيو خاصة كونها هجينًا من البوذية التبتية والهندوسية الشيفيتية والتانترية الهندية الشمالية ، والسيخ مزيج مصالحة بين الهندوسية والإسلام. من بين الديانات الإبراهيمية ، يزيد عدد المسلمين عن 14٪ من الهنود وأكثر من 2٪ مسيحيون. نزل القديس توما في عام 52 بعد الميلاد على ساحل مالابار وأسس سبع كنائس في ولاية كيرالا ، والتي تبنت قداس أنطاكية السوري في القرن الرابع ، ووصل المبشر اليسوعي القديس فرنسيس كزافييه إلى جوا عام 1542. كشمير نفسها إسلامية بنسبة 98٪ ، و مركزًا رئيسيًا وموطنًا للصوفية الصوفية ، والتي درستها كعالم في الطريقة النقشبندية وفي كشمير استوعبت عناصر وأنظمة كل من الهندوسية والبوذية.

     لقرون ، تعايشت المجتمعات الهندوسية والإسلامية بسلام في كشمير ، إلى درجة مزج الأديان ، حتى قامت القوى المتطفلة من الخارج بتسليح الإيمان في خدمة السلطة كسياسات هوياتية ، وكسرتها جميعًا.

     كيف يمكن للمرء أن يوحد أمة مثل الهند في مقاومة احتلال وحشي وخائن مثل احتلال الإمبراطورية البريطانية؟ مناشدة القومية والهوية أدوات قوية في النضال من أجل التحرر. المشكلة مع هذه الدول التي خلفت ما بعد الاستعمار هي أنها ترث البنى الهووية والعسكرية والاستبدادية وخصائص فترة ثورتها باعتبارها طغيانًا للقوة والسيطرة.

كما كتبت في رسالتي بتاريخ 10 آذار (مارس) 2020 ، كشمير: تحت ظل إمبراطورية الخوف الهندية ؛ اعتقالات وحالات اختفاء جماعية وانقطاع كامل للإنترنت ورفع حصار فعلي في 5 آذار / مارس بعد سبعة أشهر ، وتعمية الشهود عن وحشية قوات الاحتلال ومراكز التعذيب الشائنة ومقابر الشهداء ؛ لقد أصبح غزو الهند الإمبراطوري لكشمير إبادة جماعية.

      كلف الحصار اقتصاد كشمير ملياري ونصف المليار دولار ، لكنه أخفى أيضًا جريمة ضد الإنسانية عن أعين العالم ؛ الإبادة الجماعية في الهند للأقليات الدينية والعرقية والقمع الوحشي للمعارضة. كان هذا هو الهدف الحقيقي لمودي والقوميين الهندوس في إلغاء استقلال كشمير. أدى الاعتقال الجماعي للقادة السياسيين للحكومة السابقة إلى قطع رأس مقاومتها المنظمة ، وكانت حملة التطهير العرقي بمثابة إشارة إلى التهام كشمير من قبل استبداد الهند الفاشي لإرهاب الدولة.

    كانت الولاية الأميرية السابقة كشمير الإسلامية وجامو الهندوس منقسمة بسبب الحرب الأهلية وحرب الهيمنة المباشرة بين باكستان والهند منذ عام 1947 ؛ كنت أعيش في سريناغار عندما انفجر وادي كشمير في صراع عرقي وثورة وحرب في عام 1990. بدأت أعمال الشغب من القوميين الهندوس التي نظمتها وعززتها وحدات العمليات الخاصة الهندية ، والتي صاغها البريطانيون راج باعتبارها أفظع سلاح لهم في الغزو الإمبراطوري. الحملة المعتادة لحرق القرى والمساجد والاغتصاب الجماعي والقتل العشوائي وخطف القادة والنشطاء واغتيالهم وتعذيبهم واغتيالهم. أرسلت باكستان وحدات عمليات خاصة من الجيش ووكالة الاستخبارات الداخلية ، التي تم تطويرها بالشراكة مع أمريكا خلال حرب الثمانينيات ضد الاتحاد السوفيتي في أفغانستان ، ولديها سنوات من الخبرة في دعم المجاهدين الذين يواصلون العمل معهم اليوم.

    تعكس القصة كما رواها القوميون الهندوس في الهند هذا التسلسل الزمني للأحداث وتركز على التطهير العرقي للبانديت الهندوس من قبل الجهاديين الذين ينكرون الأصول الباكستانية ، وهي بلا منازع جريمة ضد الإنسانية وقضية للدولة على أنها عنف متجسد. بالنسبة لي ، الشيء الأكثر أهمية ليس من ألقى الحجر الأول ، ولكن أن انتهاك وانحطاط قيمنا المشتركة كحضارة لم يكن نتيجة لصدمة تاريخية جوهرية أو أضرار جينية ، بل نتيجة صراع على الهيمنة الإمبريالية التي جعلت عظم الترقوة من كشمير.

     مع مئات الآلاف من الناس في الشوارع يتظاهرون من أجل الاستقلال ، والعنف العشوائي وحكم الغوغاء ، والمعركة المفتوحة بين بعض أفضل وحدات العمليات السوداء الميدانية على الإطلاق ، تحولت كشمير إلى الفوضى والخراب. فقط حقيقة أن الهند لم تكن موحدة سياسيًا هي التي تفسر فشل الغزو بعد ثلاث سنوات من الجنون والرعب ؛ التي انتهت بانتخاب مودي.

     وهذا هو المكان الذي يمكننا فيه الاستفادة من التغيير ، لأن النظام الهندوسي القومي القائم على الاستبداد والإرهاب ليس خفيًا أو غير متبلور من العنصرية المعممة والتعصب الديني ، ولكنه مسرح للقسوة والخوف تؤديه حكومة على مسرح العالم.

     أدعو إلى مقاطعة الهند وتجريدها وفرض العقوبات عليها حتى تتخلى عن كشمير وتعترف بسيادتها واستقلالها.

كما كتبت في رسالتي بتاريخ 6 مارس 2020 ؛ أصبحت الهند تحت حكم القوميين الهندوس أمة من اللاثي ، وهو نادٍ طوله متر تستخدمه قوى القمع لطرد الآخر من مجتمعاتهم الحصرية. إنه كابوس قديم ومن أفظع الكوابيس ؛ لجعل الجميع نفس الشيء.

     بالنسبة لي لها معنى خاص ، هذا التشابه. من بين ذكرياتي المبكرة صليب محترق أشعله جيراننا في الحديقة الأمامية لزوجين متزوجين حديثًا ، كانا أصدقاء سابقين وأقارب للكثيرين من بين الحشد الذي يحمل الشعلة في بلدة يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي ألفي نسمة ، في طقوس كرنفالية من الآخر. رجل هولندي من الكنيسة الإصلاحية متحالف مع نظام الفصل العنصري في جنوب إفريقيا ، عمالقة قاتمة بشعر أبيض مثل الأشرار هاري بوتر أو ستار تريك سيفين أوف ناين ، الذين اعتقدوا أن الموسيقى كانت خاطئة ، تحدث في كتاب الملك جيمس الإنجليزي باللغة الإنجليزية المليئة بالآخرين ومن آلاف الأشخاص لغة ثانية للهولندية ، سرية وبعيدة ، والتي كانت الأزرار على ملابسهم السوداء الكئيبة محظورة كتكنولوجيا غير كتابية ، تزوجت من امرأة من مجتمعنا المحلي الأقلية ، الضاحكة والترابية ، والرقص البولكا ، والمصارعة في حفرة نشارة الخشب السويسرية الكالفيني تشيرش ، التي تحدثت الإنجليزية الأمريكية القياسية مع بقايا ألمانية سويسرية ، وكانت تقدم البيرة لأي شخص يزيد عمره عن اثني عشر عامًا في القاعة السويسرية ، حيث كان يرتدي ملابس تنكرية على الرغم من أنهم يرتدون ملابسهم ويتصرفون مثل أي أميركيين آخرين والأهم من ذلك أنهم سيتفاعلون مع أي شخص خارج مجموعته بغض النظر عن عضوية الكنيسة. ردت بلدتنا على هذا التعدي على الحدود بين المجتمعات الكنسية التي نشأت في المذهب الكالفيني من خلال تسميتها زواجًا مختلطًا وحرق صليب على حديقتهم.

     خرجت أنا ووالدتي لنرى ما كان مشتعلًا واكتشفنا مسرح جريمة الكراهية هذه ، واقتربنا من الزاوية وفجأة بين مئات الأشخاص الذين يركضون في فوضى.

    فتى أعرفه من المدرسة ركض وهو يحمل مصباحًا ويبتسم ويصرخ ؛ “نحن نطرد الأشرار!”

     فسألت أمي: من هم فاعلي الشر؟

      فأجابت بدت شديدة الشرسة. “أصحاب المشاعل هم الأشرار. إنهم العدو ، وهم دائمًا أعداؤنا ، أعداؤك وأعدائي ، بغض النظر عمن أتوا من أجله “.

    “لماذا هم أشرار؟”

     “لأنهم يريدون جعل الجميع متشابهين.”

     وهذا يجب أن نقاومه حتى النهاية ، لأنه لا توجد خيارات أخرى. أولئك الذين ليسوا من المختارين ستلاحقهم قوى الاندماج ؛ فقط طريقة وفاتهم هي موضع تساؤل ، في الخضوع أو المقاومة.

     ما لم نقف جميعًا معًا ، متحدين في سلسلة بشرية غير قابلة للكسر تفوق قوتها قوة أي فرد منا أو أي أمة ، شاسعة ولا يمكن إيقافها مثل المد والجزر

August 4 2025 Madness Death Illumination Transcendence: A Song of Beirut

     O my brothers and sisters, our universe is not always rational or meaningful from our perspective; it is chaotic, absurd, and often hostile. We need meaning and value, but all we have is the meaning and value which we create and impose on our nothingness. The Infinite mocks us, but also beckons and challenges us to become better.

     As I wrote on this day five years ago in my post of August 4 2020; A horror beyond imagining has transpired in Beirut, which lies in ruins. Civilization dispersed throughout the Mediterranean from here thousands of years ago, uniting Europe, Asia, and Africa in a community of humankind which resonates through our consciousness today.

    We seek meaning in the catastrophes and life disruptive events which flesh is heir to, yet as in the disaster in Beirut such causes are often beyond our understanding.

     Herein I refer now to Sura 18 of the Holy Quran, called The Cave, verses 60-82, an allegory wherein Khidr, the Islamic Trickster figure who is an immortal and is symbolized as green as an embodiment of the Garden of Paradise, who acts as a guide of the soul through the puzzles of the labyrinth of life which leads toward it, and who speaks to us through dreams, visions, and signs.

     I consider it a narrative form of Godel’s Theorem; a proof of the necessity of faith and of the existence of the Infinite, of the limits of human knowledge and the Absurdity of the human condition. Such an interpretation aligns with that of   the great scholar and translator Abdullah Yusuf Ali.

     As with the foundational thought experiment of one of Plato’s contemporaries, the Spear of Archytas, which defines the horizon of the known as it is thrown and marks a boundary in landing, which we repeat endlessly in scientific revolutions, the unknown remains as vast as before, conserving ignorance. This is the first principle of epistemology; the Conservation of Ignorance.

     The canonical story recapitulates themes of the Sacrifice of Ibrahim which I would say forms the basis of Islamic faith, and in the streets of Beirut long ago I saw it unfold once again.

    In this story the Green Man instructs Moses by doing three things which are criminal and nonsensical, things which can be understood only through the foreknowledge of prophecy which is not ours. As with justice, foresight does not belong to man, for the universe is nondeterministic, limitless, and our possible futures are always in play.

    The relevant passage is this;  فَأَرَدْنَا أَن يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا, or “So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them a better son than him in purity and nearer to mercy,” a classic changeling substitution. It also represents a point of bifurcation on which possible futures turn.

     I have hope for the future of humankind because of what I witnessed when this primary story was played out before me forty years ago, and because of it I have never despaired.

     Such a gate stands or once stood in Beirut, like Rashomon Gate or a gate to the Infinite and to limitless possibilities of human becoming. It may now be dust and memories, or like Schrodinger’s Cat both exist and not exist at once; this I cannot answer for you.

      But I can speak as the witness of history that something remarkable happened there in its shadow, which like Khidr exchanging the young man for another to prevent a greater evil from occurring in the future, a time travel paradox if ever there was one, struck me with the force of revelation.

     It was an insignificant thing in the scope of the Siege of Beirut, one atrocity among many which was averted by the innate goodness of a single man whose name remains unknown, a tragic hero whom I will never forget, an unwilling conscript in the service of his government like so many others, who said no to authority and to the seduction of evil. The existence of humankind pivots on the balance of such individuals, and they are very few.

    This Israeli soldier refused to commit violations and depravities upon the person of a Palestinian girl, about twelve years old, who had been captured for this purpose by the lieutenant of his platoon, a common loyalty test and initiation. He blushed at the first demand of his officer to the tauntings of his fellows, there in the street before the Gate of Decision we must all face, then became angry in refusal when he realized it was not a joke, that the Occupation was about terror and plunder and not as he had been told. His commanding officer murdered him where he stood with a single shot to the head as the girl escaped.

     I have returned to this spot throughout my life to touch the stones stained with his blood, for I am reminded that we are not beyond redemption, and that so long as we resist unjust authority we are free, and there is hope.

     As written by Bassem Mroue and Lujain Jo in ABC, in an article entitled 3 years after Beirut port blast, intrigue foils an investigation and even the death toll is disputed: attempts to prosecute those responsible are mired in political intrigue, the final death toll remains disputed and many Lebanese have less faith than ever in their disintegrating state institutions; As the country marks the anniversary Friday, relatives of some of those killed are still struggling to get their loved ones recognized as blast victims, reflecting the ongoing chaos since the Aug. 4, 2020 explosion. The blast killed at least 218 people, according to an Associated Press count, wounded more than 6,000, devastated large swaths of Beirut and caused billions of dollars in damages.

     Among those not recognized as a blast victim is a five-month-old boy, Qusai Ramadan, a child of Syrian refugees. His parents say he was killed when the explosion toppled the ceiling and a cupboard in his hospital room, crushing him. They have been unable to get the infant added to the official death list, a move that could have made them eligible for future compensation.

     They accuse the authorities of discriminating against victims who are not Lebanese.

     Meanwhile, the blast anniversary brought renewed calls for an international investigation of those responsible, including top officials who allowed hundreds of tons of highly flammable ammonium nitrate, a material used in fertilizers, to be improperly stored for years at a warehouse in the port.

     Lebanese and international organizations, survivors and families of victims sent an appeal to the U.N. Rights Council, saying that on the third anniversary of the explosion, “we are no closer to justice and accountability for the catastrophe.”

     Hundreds of people marched in the Lebanese capital on Friday to mark the anniversary, with some family members of the victims calling on the international community to help in the investigation.

     Carrying roses and photos of their loved ones, the families led the march and gathered outside Beirut’s port. Victims’ names were read and a moment of silence was held at 6:07 p.m. — the time when the blast occurred.

     The mother of one of the victims called for an international and impartial investigation “within the U.N. framework.”

     “Three years have passed and you have been turning a deaf ear to this request and this hurts a lot,” said Mireille Bazergy Khoury, the mother of Elias Khoury who was killed by the blast. “This crime is not a Lebanese issue. Victims are all of all nationalities. Please taken action.”

     Maan, a Lebanese group advocating for victims and survivors, put the death toll at 236, significantly higher than the government’s count of 191. The authorities stopped counting the dead a month after the blast, even as some of the severely wounded later died.

     Among those listed by the Maan initiative is Qusai, the Syrian infant. He had been undergoing treatment for a severe liver condition and was transferred to a government hospital near the port about a week before the explosion. Hospital staff said the infant needed a liver transplant and was in critical condition.

     On the day of the blast, Qusai’s aunt, Noura Mohammed, was sitting at his bedside while his mother rested at home. The aunt said the staff ordered everyone to evacuate immediately after the explosion, and that she found the infant dead, crushed by fallen debris, when she returned.

     Hospital officials said Qusai died an hour after the explosion, with the death certificate listing cardio respiratory arrest as the cause. The family buried him a day later.

     “We asked them (the authorities) to register my son among the victims of the blast,” his mother, Sarah Jassem Mohammed, said in a recent interview in a small tent in an orchard in the northern Lebanese village of Markabta, where she lives with her husband, two sons and one daughter. “They refused.”

     Lebanon is home to more than 1 million Syrian refugees, who make about 20% of the country’s population. A Lebanese group, the Anti-Racism Movement, said that among those killed in the blast were at least 76 non-Lebanese citizens, including 52 Syrians.

     Meanwhile, many in Lebanon have been losing faith in the domestic investigation and some have started filing cases abroad against companies suspected of bringing in the ammonium nitrate.

     The chemicals had been shipped to Lebanon in 2013. Senior political and security officials knew of their presence and potential danger but did nothing.

     Lebanese and non-Lebanese victims alike have seen justice delayed, with the investigation stalled since December 2021. Lebanon’s powerful and corrupt political class has repeatedly intervened in the work of the judiciary.

     In January, Lebanon’s top prosecutor Ghassan Oueidat ordered the release of all suspects detained in the investigation.

    “The political class have used every tool at their disposal — both legal and extra legal — to undermine, obstruct, and block the domestic investigation into the blast,” said Aya Majzoub, deputy chief for the Mideast and North Africa at the rights group Amnesty International.

     Makhoul Mohammed, 40, a Syrian citizen, was lightly injured in the blast in his Beirut apartment while his daughter Sama, who was 6 at the time, lost her left eye.

     Mohammed, who settled in Canada last year, said he plans to sue those responsible for the explosion in a Canadian court.

     “The (domestic) investigation will not lead to results as long as this political class is running the country,” he said.”

     As written in Al Jazeera, in an article entitled Photos: Hundreds protest as Lebanon marks third anniversary of Beirut blast: Three years on, investigation is virtually at a standstill, leaving survivors still yearning for answers; “Lebanon marked three years since one of history’s biggest non-nuclear explosions rocked Beirut with hundreds of protesters marching alongside victims’ families to demand long-awaited justice.

     Nobody has been held to account for the tragedy as political and legal pressures impede the investigation.

     On August 4, 2020, the massive blast at Beirut’s port destroyed swathes of the Lebanese capital, killing more than 220 people and injuring at least 6,500.

     Authorities said the disaster was triggered by a fire in a warehouse where a vast stockpile of ammonium nitrate fertiliser had been haphazardly stored for years.

     Three years on, the probe is virtually at a standstill, leaving survivors still yearning for answers.

     Protesters, many wearing black and carrying photographs of the victims, marched towards the port shouting slogans including: “We will not forget.”

     “Our pain inspires our persistence to search for the truth,” said protester Tania Daou-Alam, 54, who lost her husband in the explosion.

     Lack of justice “is the biggest example of rampant corruption in Lebanon, and we can no longer bear it”, she said.

     The blast struck during an economic collapse, which the World Bank has called one of the worst in recent history and is widely blamed on a governing elite accused of corruption and mismanagement.

     Some protesters waved a Lebanese flag covered in blood-like red paint while others carried an enormous flag covered in a written pledge to keep fighting for justice.

     “I have the right to know why my fellow Lebanese were killed,” said protester Jad Mattar, 42.

     Since its early days, the investigation into the explosion has faced a slew of political and legal challenges.

     In December 2020, lead investigator Fadi Sawan charged former Prime Minister Hassan Diab and three ex-ministers with negligence.

     But as political pressure mounted, Sawan was removed from the case.

     His successor, Tarek Bitar, unsuccessfully asked lawmakers to lift parliamentary immunity for MPs who were formerly cabinet ministers.

     The interior ministry has refused to execute arrest warrants that the lead investigator has issued.

    In December 2021, Bitar suspended his probe after a barrage of lawsuits, mainly from politicians he summoned on charges of negligence.

     Bitar has refused to step aside but has not set foot inside Beirut’s Justice Palace for months.

     “Work [on the investigation] is ongoing,” a legal expert with knowledge of the case said, requesting anonymity because of the sensitivity of the issue.

     Bitar is determined to keep his promise to deliver justice for victims’ families, the expert added.

     On Thursday, 300 individuals and organisations, including Human Rights Watch (HRW) and Amnesty International, renewed a call for the United Nations to establish a fact-finding mission – a demand Lebanese officials have repeatedly rejected.

       “If those responsible are not held accountable, it will put the country on a trajectory that allows this kind of crime to be repeated,” HRW’s Lama Fakih told the Agence France-Presse news agency at the protest.

     As written by Tamara Qiblawi in CNN, in an article entitled Beirut’s port blast two years on: An open wound festers as authorities try to close the case; “Clocks stopped when one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history ripped through Beirut. Inside wrecked homes and shops, the force of the shockwaves froze the dials of timepieces, some vintage, others sleek and modern.

     It was 6:07 pm. Thousands of lives were upended and the Lebanese capital — no stranger to disaster — was transformed into a hellscape.

     Much like the broken clocks, the catastrophe appears to have been suspended in time. Thursday marks two years since the port explosion. Yet the city’s hardest hit, eastern neighborhoods still bear the scars of the blast. The relatives of at least 215 people who perished still rally for justice. The judicial investigation into the explosion is moribund. And the port’s hulking wheat silos — which withstood the effects of the blast despite their proximity — have been burning for weeks.

     In the two years since the explosion, Lebanon’s political elite — known colloquially by the pejorative term al-sulta, or “the power” — has evaded justice and tried to sweep the memory under the proverbial rug. For activists, especially relatives of the deceased, it was painfully reminiscent of the way in which the country’s civil war ended in 1990.

     Then, an amnesty law absolved Lebanon’s warring parties of apparent crimes against humanity and war crimes, including massacres, rapes, extrajudicial executions and mass displacement. Accounts of the 15-year conflict are nowhere to be found in the country’s official history books. An entire population was instructed to move on.

     The authorities’ playbook has been similar in its response to the 2020 port blast, which remains the single most deadly explosion in Lebanon’s modern history, causing material and physical casualties as far as 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) away.

     In the intervening years, the government has repeatedly blocked a judicial probe that charged several officials with criminal neglect over the improper storage of up to 2,700 tons of explosive ammonium nitrate, the ignition of which led to the devastating blast. Some of those who were charged were re-elected to parliament this year.

     Earlier this year, the government also rolled out plans to demolish the damaged silos, drawing the ire of the victims’ families, who regard them as a memorial to the disaster. The government bowed to popular pressure and the plan was dropped.

     But weeks later, the structure began to burn, arousing the suspicion of activists and relatives of the deceased. They accused the government of making half-hearted attempts to put out the fires — a charge it denies. When two of the silos finally collapsed over the weekend, activists seethed.

     “For weeks you let the silos slowly burn and took no serious action to stop the fire,” activist Lucien Bourjeily tweeted, apparently addressing the political establishment. “The collapse (of the silos) today resembles the collapse of the state which is slowly falling apart, with no serious action to stop this nor hold those responsible accountable.”

     Beirut’s wheat silos are many things at once. They stand as a towering tombstone to a bygone era. The smoldering structure also seems to fester like the open wound of the city’s collective memory. And importantly to relatives of the victims, it marks the scene of a crime, a looming mass that serves as a reminder of the quest for accountability.

     Since the explosion, Lebanon’s financial tailspin, which began in October 2019, has continued. The country is in the throes of a bread crisis, in part because of the fallout from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, but also due to Lebanon’s infrastructural and financial decay. Its economic woes — inflation, ballooning unemployment, mass poverty — continue unabated.

     But for many, the successive crises have not overshadowed the memories of the Beirut port blast: the shattered glass that crunched underfoot for weeks afterward; the scenes of overflowing hospital wards; those who perished and those who barely survived. For those seeking justice, the events of 6:07 pm on August 4, 2020 must continue to reverberate until the people responsible are held to account.”

     As written by Jamie Prentis in The National, in an article entitled Lebanon marks second anniversary of deadly Beirut port blast; ”Lebanon on Thursday marks two years since the explosion at Beirut’s port that killed more than 215 people, injured thousands and destroyed large parts of the capital.

     Families of the victims plan to hold marches in Beirut on Thursday afternoon, as they continue their search for justice, with protests also expected in cities in the US, Europe and elsewhere.

     The August 4 explosion occurred after a huge stock of ammonium nitrate, inexplicably left in storage at the port for years, caught fire.

     So far, no senior officials have been held accountable over the blast and a judicial investigation has been stalled for eight months. There has been widespread political interference in the probe and two sitting MPs charged in connection with the investigation have refused to attend hearings.

      Speaking on the morning of the anniversary, Lebanon’s top Christian cleric Bechara Boutros Al Rai hit out at the government’s handling of the probes. He said it had “no right” to impede the investigations and that “God condemns those officials” who did so.

     UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said there had been “two years without justice”.

     “In the name of the dead, among them the son of a UN staff member, I reiterate my call for an impartial, thorough and transparent investigation into the explosion,” he said.

     Two-year-old Isaac, the son of UN staffer Sarah Copland, was the youngest person to die in the explosion.

     Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Legal Action Worldwide and other NGOs on Wednesday called on the UN to send a fact-finding mission.

     “It is now, more than ever, clear that the domestic investigation cannot deliver justice,” they said.

    On the eve of the second anniversary of the deadly blast, Pope Francis said the truth over what happened “can never be hidden”.

     The 2020 explosion has been blamed on mismanagement and corruption, and is viewed as a symptom of the country’s many systemic problems.

Compounding the trauma for survivors and relatives of victims is a fire which has blazed for weeks at the port’s grain silos, which were heavily damaged in the blast.

     A section of the silos collapsed on Sunday, and there have been warnings that another will fall soon — possibly on Thursday.

     The fate of the silos, which shielded parts of Beirut from the blast, remains a deeply sensitive topic. In April, Lebanon’s Cabinet approved their demolition after a survey found they could collapse in the coming months.

     But many Lebanese, including families of some of the blast victims, want the silos to remain as a memorial. Some believe the government is using the fire as a pretext to allow the demolition of the silos.

     Meanwhile, Lebanon is in the grip of a devastating economic crisis which first became apparent in 2019 and has been described by the World Bank as one of the worst in modern history.”

     And in another article in The Nation, Jamie Prentis and Nada Homsi write; ” At least two more silos damaged in the Beirut port blast collapsed on Thursday, as Lebanon marked two years since the massive explosion that killed more than 200 people, injured thousands and destroyed large parts of the capital.

     The collapse happened as people were gathering at the site to mark the blast anniversary. Families of the victims held marches in Beirut on Thursday afternoon as they continue their search for justice, with protests also planned in the US, Europe and elsewhere.

     A few hundred people began their march at the Qasr El Adel in Adlieh, holding photos of the victims as well as placards with slogans such as, “You will not kill us twice” and “Lebanon is hostage to a criminal regime”. The number of marchers had grown to about 2,000 by the time they reached the port.”

     As written by Clement Gibon in Time, in an article entitled The Grieving Families Fighting to Preserve a Crumbling Symbol of the Beirut Blast; “ At Gate 9 of Beirut’s port in mid July, all eyes were on the mammoth, concrete grain silos. There was a blazing fire and plumes of smoke were billowing out of the northern block of silos. Rima Zahed was here at a protest holding a portrait of her brother, Amin, one of the 218 people who were killed in the catastrophic Aug. 4, 2020 explosion at the port, which left the silos a disemboweled shell of their former selves. Zahed feared the additional damage would cause them to collapse—and denounced the Lebanese authorities for not stamping out the blaze.

    “The authorities told us that the fire was extinguished despite the fact that it was growing. They could have stopped it,” Zahed said. Her fears were borne out on July 31, when part of the silos collapsed, kicking up thick dust around the port and, for many Lebanese, reigniting trauma from the 2020 blast just days ahead of the two-year anniversary.

     Beirut’s port silos were first completed in 1970, and before the explosion they stored some 85% of Lebanon’s grain. Jean Touma, a former director of the silos from 1976-2006, says they had long ensured the country’s food security.

    But in April, Lebanon’s cabinet approved the demolition of all of Beirut’s port silos—both the northern and southern ones—located at the site of the 2020 blast. Ever since, the families of the victims of the blast have mobilized to preserve them, and are outraged about Sunday’s partial collapse. Judicial investigations into the explosion, one of the largest non-nuclear ones in history, have been obstructed and stalled by Lebanese authorities for over a year. (An independent report by Human Rights Watch last August found that “multiple Lebanese authorities were, at a minimum, criminally negligent under Lebanese law” over the handling of 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate stored at the port since 2014, which caused the blast after the warehouse where the fertilizers were deposited in caught on fire.)

     On July 4, the same day the fire erupted, civil society groups alongside families of the victims launched a solidarity campaign called “The Silent Witness.” The goal still remains to protect the silos—at least now what’s left of them—that are located less than 300 feet from the epicenter of the 2020 explosion, and which absorbed much of the blast’s force thanks to the dense grain that had been stored within them. For Mariana Fodoulian, who lost her 29-year-old sister in the blast, both the collapse and the government’s drive to demolish all of the silos is part of the country’s endemic culture of impunity. 

    “How could they let the [northern block of silos] collapse just before Aug. 4?” Fodoulian says. If no silos are left standing in the end, “when future generations grow up, no one can tell them what happened.”

      A history of amnesia

     A culture of impunity has plagued Lebanon since the 1975-1990 civil war—which left at least 120,000 people dead and pushed some 1 million people, more than one-third of the population at the time, to leave the country. The adoption of an amnesty law in 1991 protected those accused of war crimes and allowed them to remain key players in Lebanon’s fractured political scene. No less than 17,000 people are still missing from the war, affecting thousands of families who are still waiting for answers about their fate.

     At the same time, key visual reminders of the war have been erased through the demolition of historic downtown areas that saw some of the conflict’s fiercest fighting. Experts say that firms involved in post-war reconstruction—chiefly Solidere, which was overseen by former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri—contributed to that amnesia. Critics say that Solidere further erased memories of the war by tearing down iconic and historical buildings such as the Rivoli cinema and destroying more homes than even the fighting had.

     Lebanese authorities have been “trying to repeat the same policies of amnesia that followed the civil war with the silos. They do not want people to remember anything related to the crimes they committed,” says Soha Mneimeh, an urban planning researcher at the Beirut Urban Lab and member of the Order of Engineers and Architects of Beirut.

     Families of the victims and activists who have been trying to protect the silos are troubled by the lack of consideration by the government, Mneimeh says. (The government has not launched any public consultations, nor input from the families of the deceased.) The blaze and subsequent collapse has only fueled that anger.

     Following the 2020 blast, the government commissioned several studies to assess the damage to the silos. One of the latest, conducted in March by the Swiss firm Ammann Engineering, noted that the northern block would not stand for more than a decade and could collapse within months. The assessment concluded that the southern block, however, was stable and “demolition is not a priority compared to other challenges in Beirut port.”

     Mneimeh says the northern block of silos could have been safely reinforced and preserved—a view that was supported by some of the studies. For her, these studies make clear that the decision in April to demolish all of the silos, including the stable southern ones, was ultimately a political one.

     Indeed, the government’s plan to rebuild the silos at a new location is an apparent recognition that the blast site could not be easily repurposed for other uses. These 48-meter (157-foot) concrete structures were built on land that was reclaimed from the sea and reinforced with piles. The foundations sitting below can no longer withstand large structures, engineers and architects have said.

     A push for remembrance

     In June, the families of the victims filed three lawsuits at Lebanon’s Shura council to overturn the government’s decision to demolish all of the silos. They have also requested a stay of execution until the council considers the suits. For Ghida Frangieh, a lawyer who helped draft one of the lawsuits and is a researcher at the NGO Legal Agenda, continuing ahead with such plans would deny victims their rights.

     “International standards consider preservation of the crime site to be part of compensation for victims, which includes recognition of the victims’ pain and satisfaction,” Frangieh says. Failure to preserve them “would not only affect their mental health, but also their right to be treated with dignity.”

     In addition to legal recourse, the families of the victims have for months tried to register the silos on the UNESCO World Heritage List. These efforts build off Minister of Culture Mohammad Wissam El-Mortada’s decision in March to designate them as heritage buildings.

     “The silos are part of the city,” says Mortada. “They also represent a common memory for all the people who were victims of the explosion.”

     Mortada soon after withdrew his decision to list the silos as a heritage site, citing a lack of resources to secure their protection. But he says he has been working since then to create a public park with an open museum and a memorial site in collaboration with artist Rudy Rahme on the east side of Beirut’s port.

     That there are government plans to rebuild the silos—at a time of soaring wheat prices and global food disruption brought on by the war in Ukraine, not to mention Lebanon’s ongoing economic crisis—at a separate location bolsters the case for preserving what’s left of them, the families say.

      Back at the launch of the “Silent Witness” campaign in early July, by the Emigrant statue opposite the port that acknowledges the millions of Lebanese in the diaspora, Elie Hasrouty, who lost his 59-year-old father who was working at the silos at the time of the explosion, is exasperated by the uphill battle to preserve the silos.

     “Every day that passes, with the stalling of the investigation and the government’s willingness to demolish the silos, is a continuation of the Aug. 4 crime,” Hasrouty says. He says that he is at a “great loss” when TIME checks in with him after the partial collapse. “It is a place that represented our wounds, and our pain. I am very angry with the behavior of the authorities. It has been two years and nothing has been done to preserve the silos, and make it a place of memory.”

Arabic       

4 أغسطس 2021 جنون الموت تجاوز الإضاءة: أنشودة بيروت

     يا إخوتي وأخواتي ، إن كوننا ليس دائمًا عقلانيًا أو ذا مغزى من منظورنا ؛ إنها فوضوية وسخيفة وعدائية في كثير من الأحيان. نحن بحاجة إلى المعنى والقيمة ، ولكن كل ما لدينا هو المعنى والقيمة التي نخلقها ونفرضها على العدم. اللانهائي يسخر منا ، ولكنه أيضًا يلهمنا ويتحدىنا لنصبح أفضل.

     حل رعب يفوق التصوير في بيروت التي أصبحت مهدمة. انتشرت الحضارة في جميع أنحاء البحر الأبيض المتوسط من هنا منذ آلاف السنين ، ووحدت أوروبا وآسيا وأفريقيا في مجتمع البشرية الذي يتردد صداه من خلال وعينا اليوم.

    نحن نبحث عن معنى في الكوارث والأحداث المربكة للحياة التي يرثها الجسد ، ولكن كما في كارثة بيروت ، غالبًا ما تكون هذه الأسباب خارجة عن فهمنا.

     أشير هنا الآن إلى سورة 18 من القرآن الكريم ، تسمى الكهف ، الآيات 60-82 ، وهي قصة رمزية فيها الخضر ، الشخصية الإسلامية المخادعة التي هي خالدة وترمز إلى اللون الأخضر لتجسيد جنة الجنة ، التي تعمل كدليل للنفس عبر ألغاز متاهة الحياة التي تقود إليها ، والتي تخاطبنا من خلال الأحلام والرؤى والعلامات.

     أنا أعتبره شكل سردي لنظرية وديل. دليل على ضرورة الإيمان ووجود اللانهائي لحدود المعرفة الإنسانية وعبثية الحالة الإنسانية. يتوافق هذا التفسير مع تفسير العالم والمترجم العظيم عبد الله يوسف علي.

     كما هو الحال مع تجربة الفكر التأسيسي لأحد معاصري أفلاطون ، الرمح للأرخيتا ، الذي يحدد أفق المعرف باسمه ويلقي بحدود في الهبوط ، والتي نكررها بلا نهاية في الثورات العلمية ، يبقى المجهول واسعًا كما كان من قبل والمحافظة على الجهل. هذا هو المبدأ الأول لنظرية المعرفة. حفظ الجهل.

     تلخص القصة القانونية مواضيع ذبيحة إبراهيم التي أود أن أقول أنها تشكل أساس العقيدة الإسلامية ، وفي شوارع بيروت منذ فترة طويلة رأيتها تتكشف مرة أخرى.

    في هذه القصة ، يرشد الرجل الأخضر موسى من خلال القيام بثلاثة أشياء إجرامية وغير منطقية ، أشياء لا يمكن فهمها إلا من خلال المعرفة المسبقة للنبوة التي ليست لنا. كما هو الحال مع العدالة ، البصيرة لا تخص الإنسان.

    المقطع ذات الصلة هذا ؛ فَأَرَدْنَا أَن يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا ، أو “لذا قصدنا أن يحل ربهم محلهم ابنًا أفضل منه في الطهارة وأقرب إلى الرحمة”. كما أنه يمثل نقطة تشعب تتحول عليها العقود الآجلة المحتملة.

     لدي أمل لمستقبل البشرية بسبب ما شاهدته عندما تم عرض هذه القصة الأولية أمامي قبل ثمانية وثلاثين سنة مضت ، وبسببها لم يأس أبداً.

     مثل هذه البوابة تقف أو كانت في يوم من الأيام في بيروت ، مثل بوابة راشومون أو بوابة اللانهائي والإمكانيات غير المحدودة للإنسان. قد يكون الآن غبارًا وذكريات ، أو مثل قطة شرودنجر ، كلاهما موجود وغير موجود في وقت واحد ؛ هذا لا يمكنني الإجابة عليه.

      لكن يمكنني أن أتكلم كشاهد على التاريخ بأن شيئًا رائعًا حدث هناك في ظلها ، مثل تبادل خضر الشاب بآخر لمنع حدوث شر أكبر في المستقبل ، مفارقة السفر عبر الزمن إذا كان هناك أي شيء ، أدهشني بقوة الوحي.

     لقد كان شيئًا غير ذي أهمية في نطاق حصار بيروت ، وحشية واحدة من بين العديد من الفظائع التي تم تجنبها من خلال الخير الفطري لرجل واحد لا يزال اسمه غير معروف ، بطل مأساوي لن أنساه أبدًا ، مجند غير راغب في خدمة حكومته مثل كثيرين آخرين ، الذين قالوا لا للسلطة ولإغواء الشر. إن وجود البشرية محوري في توازن هؤلاء الأفراد ، وهم قليلون جدًا.

    رفض هذا الجندي الإسرائيلي ارتكاب انتهاكات وحروق على فتاة فلسطينية تبلغ من العمر اثني عشر عامًا ، تم أسرها لهذا الغرض من قبل ملازم فصيلته ، وهو اختبار ولاء مشترك. خجل عند أول طلب من ضابطه لسخرية زملائه ، هناك في الشارع قبل بوابة القرار الذي يجب أن نواجهه جميعًا ، ثم غضب في الرفض عندما أدرك أنه ليس مزحة ، أن الاحتلال كان عن الإرهاب ونهب وليس كما قيل له. قتله ضابط قيادته حيث وقف برصاصة واحدة في الرأس أثناء هروب الفتاة.

     لقد عدت إلى هذا المكان طوال حياتي لألمس الأحجار الملطخة بدمه ، لأنني أتذكر أننا لسنا خارج حدود الخلاص ، وطالما أننا نقاوم السلطة الظالمة فنحن أحرار ، وهناك أمل.

A Map of My Beirut, what remains of it and the ghosts of what it was

Here a great nothingness has swallowed the voices of the past

Yet they live within us, songs of ourselves and the limitless possibilities of becoming human

 How can we answer the terror of our nothingness

The flaws of our humanity

And the brokenness of the world?

Here among the ruins of a lost grandeur

Fallen empires and the ghosts and legacies of

Beautiful and terrible histories

I wail in grief, I roar defiance, I demand justice

But my words are devoured by silences

I swear vengeance for a lost history and a ruined city

Without an enemy to bring a reckoning to

For this hammer blow of fate was the act of no saboteur

But only a consequence of our common greed and responsibility shifting

And the labyrinthine bureaucracy that misfiled records

Of a derelict ship full of fertilizer quietly degrading in harbor for years

How many such forgotten existential threats

Now lie waiting to seize and shake us?

Here was once a gate to the Infinite and a shrine of the Impossible

In bloodstains which offered hope and redemption

Where now not a stone stands upon a stone

And the light of Beirut become

Vast and fathomless chasms of darkness

Arabic

خارطة بيروت بلدي وما تبقى منها وأشباح ما كانت عليه

هنا ابتلع العدم العظيم أصوات الماضي

ومع ذلك ، فهم يعيشون في داخلنا ، أغاني من أنفسنا وإمكانيات لا حدود لها في أن نصبح بشرًا

  كيف يمكننا الرد على رعب العدم لدينا

عيوب إنسانيتنا

وانكسار الدنيا؟

هنا بين أنقاض العظمة المفقودة الإمبراطوريات الساقطة وأشباح وموروثات

تواريخ جميلة ورهيبة

أبوح حزنًا ، وأصرخ متحديًا ، وأطالب بالعدالة

لكن الصمت يلتهم كلامي

أقسم بالانتقام لتاريخ ضائع ومدينة مدمرة

بدون عدو لجلب الحساب إليه

لأن ضربة القدر هذه كانت فعلاً غير مخرب

ولكن فقط نتيجة لتغير جشعنا المشترك ومسؤوليتنا

والبيروقراطية المتاهة التي أخطأت في ضبط السجلات

من سفينة مهجورة مليئة بالأسمدة تتحلل بهدوء في الميناء لسنوات

كم عدد هذه التهديدات الوجودية المنسية

الآن تكمن في انتظار الاستيلاء علينا وهزنا؟

هنا كانت ذات مرة بوابة إلى اللانهائي وضريح المستحيل

في بقع الدماء التي أعطت الأمل والفداء

حيث لا يوجد الآن حجر يقف على حجر

ويصبح نور بيروت

منوعات الظلام الشاسعة التي لا يسبر غورها

My Beirut

https://www.google.com/maps/@33.8829821,35.4963575,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m3!11m2!2sbRiRoVhVlnnOfGcTK7nCKErQ2ojuwQ!3e3

3 years after Beirut port blast, intrigue foils an investigation and even the death toll is disputed

https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/3rd-anniversary-beirut-port-blast-probe-blocked-intrigue-102008454

Photos: Hundreds protest as Lebanon marks third anniversary of Beirut blast

https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2023/8/4/photos-hundreds-protest-as-lebanon-marks-third-anniversary-of-beirut-blast

Infinity and the Mind: The Science and Philosophy of the Infinite, by Rudy Rucker

Rashomon Effects: Kurosawa, Rashomon and Their Legacies

by Blair Davis (Editor), Robert Anderson (Editor), Jan Walls (Editor)

In Search of Schrödinger’s Cat: Quantum Physics and Reality, by John Gribbin

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/513367.In_Search_of_Schr_dinger_s_Cat

Khidr in Sufi Poetry: A Selection, by Paul Smith

Where the Two Seas Meet: Al-Khidr and Moses—The Qur’anic Story of al-Khidr and Moses in Sufi Commentaries as a Model for Spiritual Guidance, by Hugh Talat Halman

          Lebanon, a reading list

Beirut, Samir Kassir

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7966167-beirut?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_12

Lebanon: A History, 600 – 2011, William W. Harris

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13687123-lebanon?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_50

Memory for Forgetfulness: August Beirut 1982, Mahmoud Darwish

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/142583.Memory_for_Forgetfulness?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_62

 Concerto al-Quds, Adonis, Khaled Mattawa (Translation)

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34746502-concerto-al-quds?ref=nav_sb_ss_1_21

https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/03/middleeast/lebanon-silos-beirut-blast-anniversary-mime-intl/index.html

https://www.msn.com/en-ae/news/middleeast/lebanon-marks-second-anniversary-of-deadly-beirut-port-blast/ar-AA10ifDi

https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/lebanon/2022/08/04/lebanon-marks-second-anniversary-of-deadly-beirut-port-blast/

https://time.com/6202125/beirut-explosion-anniversary/

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/aug/04/a-year-on-from-beruit-explosion-scars-and-questions-remain

https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/03/opinions/beirut-explosion-one-year-anniversary-bazzi/index.html

https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/03/middleeast/beirut-blast-anniversary-grief-anger-wedeman-intl-cmd/index.html

August 3 2025 Tisha B’Av Tyranny and Resistance: A Song of al-Quds and Jerusalem

     On this day in 586 B.C. the King of Babylon destroyed the Temple of Solomon; on this same day in 70 A.D. the Temple of Herod was burned by the Roman general and future emperor Titus, an event commemorated for nineteen centuries in the Tisha B’Av march encompassing the old walls of Jerusalem.

    Yet these are not the only events to transpire on this day which heralded epochal changes in imperial dominion of these old walls, surrounding a city complex with multilayered histories and symbolism like no other. On this day in 1099 the crusaders left the walls of the city they had seized the month before to meet the army of the Fatimid Dynasty of Egypt at Ascalon two days later, a decisive battle of the First Crusade. On this day in 1920 Turkey renounced its claim on the territory; and on this day in 1922 the British Mandate of Palestine began.

     For the Jewish peoples this march has always been about survival, resilience, identity, and historical continuity and social cohesion across vast epochs of time, a ritual reclaiming of the city as a mythic homeland. The story of the Jews is one of Exile, endlessly repeated; narratives of victimization easily co-opted in service to power as myths of national identity. From the perspective of liberated peoples emerging from the imposed conditions of anticolonial struggle and survival of the Holocaust, the celebration of a glorious Return from Exile is a necessary and wonderful thing.

     All I ask is this, a simple question for your consideration as a nation’s public rite of mourning enacted for nearly two millennia begins yet again as a national claim of dominion which others, excludes, and marginalizes all else as provocation and symbolic violence; must the Return of one people mean the Exile of another?   

     The Roman, Ottoman, and British empires celebrated their conquests of the Holy City as well, a city which bears the dual identity of al Quds and Jerusalem.

Herein I offer a song of lamentation for both of these historical claims as shadows from which we must emerge before we can transcend the flags of our skin to truly see the truths of others.

      Let us remember, and use our pain to open us to the pain of others, here in this land of derelict holiness and dreams become nightmares where one people have been divided by history in service to the power of those who would falsify and enslave us.

      There are no Israelis, no Palestinians, only people like ourselves and the choices we make about how to welcome the Stranger and become human together.

     Peace be upon us all.

               Song of al Quds and Jerusalem    

     The stones here are old, and full of memories. Mostly they ring with the silenced screams of the dead, a vast and terrible silence, a gaping mouth which threatens to swallow us all in fathoms of endless darkness and despair, the lost histories of the erased.

     How can we scream without a mouth? How can we clutch the stolen fragments of our humanity without hands? How can we accuse our murderers when we are ashes and nothing, without form or family to bear onward our truths written in their flesh? How can we be mourned when our names are lost to memory and to history?

     Who will stand in our places and bear witness, whose voices are hollow like the windblown scuttling husks of cicadas which have sung themselves utterly away?

     In this forlorn ruin of our dreams the tide of our humanity has broken against its limits, and from this shattering the City of the Infinite emerges not as one city but as two, shards of a broken mirror which reflect each other infinitely, the glittering palaces of our ideals and the chasms of their negation, spinning like the twin faces of a coin of probability.

     The brokenness of the world begins and ends here in this place of truths and of lies, visions and illusions, miracles and madness, this shell of our memories which is named Jerusalem and al-Quds.

Hebrew

3 באוגוסט 2025 תשעה באב, עריצות והתנגדות: שיר על אל-קודס וירושלים

. ביום זה בשנת 586 לפנה”ס, הרס מלך בבל את מקדש שלמה; באותו יום בשנת 70 לספירה, נשרף מקדש הורדוס על ידי המצביא הרומי והקיסר לעתיד טיטוס, אירוע שצוין במשך תשע עשרה מאות שנים בצעדת תשעה באב שהקיפה את חומות ירושלים העתיקות.

אך אלה אינם האירועים היחידים שהתרחשו ביום זה אשר בישרו שינויים תקופתיים בשלטון האימפריאלי של חומות ישנות אלה, המקיפות קומפלקס עירוני בעל היסטוריות רב-שכבתיות וסמליות שאין שני לה. ביום זה בשנת 1099 עזבו הצלבנים את חומות העיר שכבשו חודש קודם לכן כדי לפגוש את צבא שושלת הפאטימית של מצרים באשקלון יומיים לאחר מכן, קרב מכריע במסע הצלב הראשון. ביום זה בשנת 1920 ויתרה טורקיה על תביעתה על השטח; וביום זה בשנת 1922 החל המנדט הבריטי על פלסטין.

עבור העם היהודי, צעדה זו תמיד עסקה בהישרדות, בחוסן, בזהות, בהמשכיות היסטורית ובלכידות חברתית על פני תקופות עצומות של זמן, טקס של החזרה מחדש של העיר כמולדת מיתית. סיפורם של היהודים הוא סיפור של גלות, החוזר על עצמו ללא סוף; נרטיבים של קורבנות שנאספים בקלות לשירות הכוח כמיתוסים של זהות לאומית. מנקודת מבטם של עמים משוחררים היוצאים מתנאי המאבק האנטי-קולוניאלי והישרדות השואה, חגיגת השיבה המפוארת מהגלות היא דבר הכרחי ונפלא.

כל שאני שואל הוא שאלה פשוטה לשיקולכם, שכן טקס אבל ציבורי של אומה, שננקט במשך כמעט אלפיים שנה, מתחיל שוב כתביעה לאומית לשליטה, שאחרים מדירים ודוחקים כל דבר אחר כפרובוקציה ואלימות סמלית; האם שיבתו של עם אחד חייבת להיות גלותו של אחר?

האימפריות הרומית, העות’מאנית והבריטית חגגו גם הן את כיבושיהן של העיר הקדושה, עיר הנושאת את הזהות הכפולה של אל-קודס וירושלים.

כאן אני מציע שיר קינה על שתי הטענות ההיסטוריות הללו, כצללים שמהם עלינו לצאת לפני שנוכל להתעלות מעל דגלי עורנו כדי לראות באמת את האמיתות של אחרים. הבה נזכור, ונשתמש בכאבנו כדי לפתוח אותנו לכאבם של אחרים, כאן בארץ הקדושה והנטושה הזו, וחלומות הופכים לסיוטים, שבהם עם אחד חולק על ידי ההיסטוריה בשירות כוחם של אלה שרוצים לזייף ולשעבד אותנו. אין יהודים, אין פלסטינים, רק אנשים כמונו והבחירות שאנו עושים לגבי איך לקבל את פני הזר ולהפוך לבני אדם יחד. שלום עלינו.

שיר אל-קודס וירושלים האבנים כאן ישנות ומלאות זיכרונות. לרוב הן מהדהדות בצרחותיהם המושתקות של המתים, דממה עצומה ונוראית, פה פעור המאיים לבלוע את כולנו במעמקים של חושך וייאוש אינסופיים, ההיסטוריות האבודות של הנמחקים. איך נוכל לצרוח בלי פה? איך נוכל לאחוז בשברי האנושיות שלנו שנגנבו בלי ידיים? כיצד נוכל להאשים את רוצחינו כשאנו אפר וכלום, ללא צורה או משפחה לשאת הלאה את אמיתותינו הכתובות בבשרן? כיצד נוכל להתאבל עלינו כששמותינו אובדים מהזיכרון ומההיסטוריה? מי יעמוד במקומותינו ויעיד, שקולם חלול כמו קליפות ציקדות מתרוצצות ברוח אשר שרו את עצמן לחלוטין? בחורבן נטוש זה של חלומותינו, גל האנושיות שלנו נשבר כנגד גבולותיו, ומתוך התנפצות זו צצה עיר האינסוף לא כעיר אחת אלא כשתיים, רסיסים של מראה שבורה המשקפים זה את זה עד אין קץ, הארמונות הנוצצים של האידיאלים שלנו ותהומות שלילתם, מסתחררות כמו שני פאותיו התאומות של מטבע הסתברות. שבירות העולם מתחילה ומסתיימת כאן במקום הזה של אמיתות ושקרים, חזיונות ואשליות, ניסים וטירוף, קליפה זו של זיכרונותינו אשר נקראת ירושלים ואל-קודס.

Arabic

٣ أغسطس ٢٠٢٥، تيشا بآف: الطغيان والمقاومة: أنشودة القدس والقدس

في مثل هذا اليوم من عام ٥٨٦ قبل الميلاد، دمر ملك بابل هيكل سليمان؛ وفي نفس اليوم من عام ٧٠ ميلاديًا، أُحرق هيكل هيرودس على يد القائد الروماني تيتوس، الإمبراطور المستقبلي، وهو حدثٌ خُلد لتسعة عشر قرنًا في مسيرة تيشا بآف التي شملت أسوار القدس القديمة.

ومع ذلك، لم تكن هذه هي الأحداث الوحيدة التي وقعت في هذا اليوم والتي بشّرت بتغييرات تاريخية في السيطرة الإمبراطورية على هذه الأسوار القديمة، المحيطة بمجمع مدينة ذي تاريخ ورمزية متعددي الطبقات لا مثيل لهما. في مثل هذا اليوم من عام ١٠٩٩، غادر الصليبيون أسوار المدينة التي استولوا عليها قبل شهر، لملاقاة جيش الدولة الفاطمية في مصر في عسقلان بعد يومين، في معركة حاسمة من الحملة الصليبية الأولى. في مثل هذا اليوم من عام 1920 تخلت تركيا عن مطالبتها بالأرض؛ وفي مثل هذا اليوم من عام 1922 بدأ الانتداب البريطاني على فلسطين.

بالنسبة للشعوب اليهودية، كانت هذه المسيرة دائمًا تدور حول البقاء والمرونة والهوية والاستمرارية التاريخية والتماسك الاجتماعي عبر عصور شاسعة من الزمن، وهي طقس استعادة للمدينة كوطن أسطوري. قصة اليهود هي قصة منفى تتكرر بلا نهاية؛ سرديات الضحية التي يتم الاستيلاء عليها بسهولة في خدمة السلطة كأساطير للهوية الوطنية. من منظور الشعوب المحررة الخارجة من الظروف المفروضة للنضال ضد الاستعمار والبقاء على قيد الحياة بعد الهولوكوست، فإن الاحتفال بالعودة المجيدة من المنفى هو أمر ضروري ورائع.

كل ما أطلبه هو هذا، سؤال بسيط للنظر فيه حيث تبدأ طقوس الحداد العامة للأمة التي تم تنفيذها منذ ما يقرب من ألفي عام مرة أخرى كمطالبة وطنية بالسيادة والتي يستبعدها الآخرون ويهمش كل شيء آخر كاستفزاز وعنف رمزي؛ هل يعني عودة شعبٍ نفي شعبٍ آخر؟

احتفلت الإمبراطوريات الرومانية والعثمانية والبريطانية بغزواتها للمدينة المقدسة أيضًا، تلك المدينة التي تحمل الهوية المزدوجة للقدس والقدس.

هنا أُقدّم أغنية رثاءٍ لهذين الادعاءين التاريخيين، باعتبارهما ظلالًا يجب أن نخرج منها قبل أن نتجاوز قيود جلودنا لنرى حقائق الآخرين.

فلنتذكر، ولنستخدم ألمنا لننفتح على ألم الآخرين، هنا في هذه الأرض التي هُجرت قدسيتها، وأصبحت الأحلام كوابيس، حيث فرّق التاريخ شعبًا واحدًا في خدمة سلطة أولئك الذين يُزيّفوننا ويستعبدوننا.

لا يهود، ولا فلسطينيون، فقط أناسٌ مثلنا، والخيارات التي نتخذها حول كيفية الترحيب بالغريب ونصبح بشرًا معًا.

السلام علينا جميعًا.

أغنية القدس والقدس

الحجارة هنا قديمة، ومليئة بالذكريات. غالبًا ما تُدوّي صرخات الموتى المُكتمة، صمتٌ مُريعٌ مُرعب، وفمٌ فاغرٌ يُهدد بابتلاعنا جميعًا في أعماقِ ظلامٍ ويأسٍ لا نهاية لهما، وتواريخَ ضائعةٍ للمُمحَين.

كيف لنا أن نصرخ بلا فم؟ كيف لنا أن نتشبثَ بشظايا إنسانيتنا المسروقة بلا أيادٍ؟ كيف لنا أن نتهمَ قاتلينا ونحن رمادٌ لا شيء، بلا كيانٍ ولا عائلةٍ تحملُ حقائقنا المكتوبةَ في أجسادهم؟ كيف لنا أن نُحزنَ وقد ضاعت أسماؤنا من الذاكرةِ والتاريخ؟

من سيقفُ في أماكننا ويشهد، وأصواتُهم جوفاءٌ كقشورِ الزيزِ التي تُهبّ عليها الرياحُ، والتي غنّتْ بنفسها تمامًا؟ في خراب أحلامنا البائس هذا، انكسر تيار إنسانيتنا إلى حدوده، ومن هذا التحطيم، تنبثق مدينة اللانهائي لا كمدينة واحدة بل كمدينة اثنتين، شظايا مرآة مكسورة تعكس بعضها بعضًا بلا حدود، قصور مُثُلنا المُتلألئة وهوة نفيها، تدور كوجهي عملة الاحتمالات.

يبدأ كسر العالم وينتهي هنا في هذا المكان من الحقائق والأكاذيب، والرؤى والأوهام، والمعجزات والجنون، هذه القشرة من ذكرياتنا التي تُدعى القدس.

August 3 2025 Say Their Names: Anniversary of the El Paso Massacre

     On this day six years ago, the sixth deadliest incident in our documented history of racist violence was perpetrated against the people of America; the El Paso Massacre. I use the qualifier “documented” because most racial violence in America has gone unrecorded and forgotten, save for the obscene post cards of lynchings widely traded in times past among Confederate sympathizers. The pervasive and ongoing ethnic cleansing and indirect enslavement of Latino persons as migrant labor has in the main gone unheralded and unlamented, other than the horrific atrocities and crimes against humanity of Trump’s ICE force of white supremacist terror and his torture gulags.

     It is difficult and uncomfortable to awaken to the fact that we white Americans are the beneficiaries of slave labor, yet this is precisely true. Our economy runs on the relative wealth disparity of invisible and exploitable persons; how else may one characterize such relationships other than as slavery? 

     The mass murders of Latinos by white supremacist terrorists are a consequence and side effect of a massive and endemic relationship of unequal power; whole sectors of our economy, agriculture, hospitality, child and elder care, food service, and more rely on cheap and unregulated labor. For true parallels to America’s economic system one must look to the migrant African labor in Italy’s agricultural camps; people with no legal existence who may be buried where they die in secret graves, worked without benefits, social security, medical insurance, nothing but their wages which are below the legal minimum. There are no OSHA or other laws which pertain to them, for Latino migrant laborers have no existence on paper.

     Migrant labor is slave labor.

      Our hegemonic elites, a phrase I gladly appropriate from Antonio Gramsci and Marx, do not actually want to enact genocide, sacrifice a vast pool of quasi slave labor, or to exclude the masses of migrants and refugees at our border; that is incidental and to some degree our concentration camps and abduction and deportation forces, ICE and the Border Patrol, are a Potemkin village display for political advantage; what the plutocrats and oligarchs who own America want differs from the fear-driven motives of the racists and white supremacist terrorists who are their deniable assets and form the voting base of their Republican political managerial class; to maintain the illegality and invisible, exploitable nature of migrant labor.

     And there is only one cure for this racist program of enslavement and capitalist exploitation; grant citizenship by declaration to all who so claim membership in our society as co-owners of our government in a free society of equals.

     If you’re crazy enough to want to be one of us, who are we to say no?

     As I wrote in my post of July 24 2022, In a Free Society of Equals. Who Confers Citizenship? Abolish Borders and Enact Citizenship By Declaration; Along our border with Mexico, concentration camps for nonwhite refugees instead of sanctuary, and a brutal army of slavecatchers and overseers of prison bond labor instead of humanitarian aid and safe conduct.

    We will not begin to become human until we build bridges, not walls.

    Let us enact diversity and inclusion rather than divisions of exclusionary otherness and hierarchies of belonging and elite hegemonies of wealth, power, and privilege.

     Let us abolish borders and enact citizenship by declaration.

    America has drawn a line in the sand to weaponize economic disparity in service to imperial dominion through labor exploitation of peoples with no legal status, for profit requires slavery as an invisible caste with whom one may do anything at all with impunity as if they do not exist. Here in our border with Mexico, its walls and cages, and in the omnipresent bodies of those who pick and serve our food, clean our living spaces, care for our children and elders, like the black clad stage handlers of a kabuki theatre of capitalism, or the Black Gang who stoke the engines of our system with the fuel of their lives as in Eugene O’Neil’s play The Hairy Ape, we find an immediate example of our own complicity in the dehumanization and commodification of those whose labor creates our wealth and services our elite privilege.

     For we have made of our world a global prison and slave labor system, an imperial dominion of borders and carceral states of force and control, and of our fellow human beings the parts of a vast machine of wealth and power through theft of public resources.

     We are all Nikolai Gogol’s hero in Diary of a Madman, caught in the wheels of a great machine he services, like Charlie Chaplin in his film Modern Times. But we know that we are trapped and enslaved, and we know how and why; we know the secrets of our condition which our masters would keep silent, and in refusing to be silent we can free ourselves and our fellows. This Michel Foucault called truth telling; a poetic vision of reimagination and sacred calling to pursue the truth which bears transformative power.

     So here I offer all of you words of hope for moments of despair, the horror of meaninglessness, the grief of loss, and the guilt of survivorship.

     Your voice has defied our nothingness, and resounds throughout the chasms of a hostile and dehumanizing world; gathering force and transformative power as it finds a thousand echoes, and begins to awaken refusal to submit to authority and to heal the pathologies of our falsification and disconnectedness.

    The voice of even one human being who bears a wound of humanity which opens him to the pain of others and who places his life in the balance with those whom Frantz Fanon called The Wretched of the Earth, the powerless and the dispossessed, the silenced and the erased, who in resistance to tyranny and terror, force and control, becomes unconquered and free, such a voice of liberation is unstoppable as the tides, an agent of reimagination and transformation which seizes the gates of our prisons and frees the limitless possibilities of becoming human.

    Despair not and be joyful, for we who are Living Autonomous Zones help others break the chains of their enslavement simply by condition of being as well as action; for we violate norms, transgress boundaries of the Forbidden, expose the lies and illusions of authority, and render the forces of repression powerless to compel obedience.

      This is the primary revolutionary struggle which precedes and underlies all else; the seizure of ownership of ourselves from those who would enslave us.

       In this all who resist subjugation by authority are alike as Living Autonomous Zones, bearing seeds of change; we can say with the figure of Loki; “I am burdened with glorious purpose.” 

     Such is the hope of humankind.      

     As I wrote in my post of March 16 2020, Walls of Hate, Tyranny, and Empire: America’s Global Borders; As we are inundated with the global awakening to fear of the coronavirus pandemic, it becomes clear that this is a natural triggering stressor which parallels a manufactured one, that of borders and refugee crises, in its behaviors and effects in our social and political environment as leverage for nationalist and fascist tyrannies of force and control in the subversion of democracy and the transformation of our world into a vast prison.

    Overwhelming and generalized fear is a necessary precondition of authoritarian regimes, and of violence and the use of social force generally, which together with submission to authority may be regarded as a First Cause of the disease of power in the sense that Thomas Aquinas argued causality and being; ” If there is no first cause, then the universe is like a great chain with many links; each link is held up by the link above it, but the whole chain is held up by nothing.”

     Authority and fear also alienate us from ourselves, dehumanize and commodify us as does capitalism as its outer form; for this is about the theft of our identity and power by those who would enslave us.

      The first consequence of the emergence of authority and the disempowerment of its subjects is the modern pathology of disconnectedness; and this is the link which binds authority and tyranny together, and its weak point. Here is where resistance and revolution must act to shatter the knot of interdependent and mutually reinforcing systems which rob us of our humanity and our freedom.

     We must build bridges not walls, togetherness not isolation, unity not division, and forge a borderless world and a free society of equals.

     Todd Miller describes America’s empire of borders in a Jacobin interview; “Since coming into office, the Trump administration has launched unrelenting racist attacks on immigrants and refugees. He seems determined to build his wall by any means necessary and has unleashed Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) to conduct raids, arrest people, throw them in concentration camps, and deport them.”

    “ But, contrary to widespread liberal illusions, Trump did not start this war on migrants, but only intensified it.

     In fact, as Todd Miller demonstrates in his new book, Empire of Borders, politicians in both major parties have collaborated over the last few decades to construct a massive border regime that polices migrants not only in the United States but throughout the world. In this interview with Jacobin contributor Ashley Smith, Miller discusses the origins and features of this new imperial strategy — and the international resistance against it.

     AS

     One of the points you make throughout your book is that this border regime did not begin with Trump but has been a feature of the United States from its founding. How has the US state internationalized its border regime over the last few decades, and how does it operate today?

     TM

     The US state established its borders through colonization, dispossession, genocide, slavery, and exploitation. This is especially true of its border with Mexico in the nineteenth century.

     That violent process of conquest is too often legitimized by mainstream historians when they use innocuous-sounding phrases like “westward expansion,” dress up imperial bullying like the Gadsden Purchase as “agreements,” and craft self-congratulatory accounts of the Mexican-American War.

     But there is no way to make the white supremacy of “manifest destiny” palatable. The United States seized land, planted its flag, and killed anyone that resisted, especially indigenous peoples, all in the name of God and European civilization.

     It expanded its border regime through its imperial seizure of Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines in the 1898 Spanish-American War. By the early twentieth century, the United States had established its territorial border, set up semicolonies, and policed seemingly independent states in its hemisphere with “gunboat diplomacy.”

     Even knowing this history, it took me a while to understand that the US border extended well beyond its mainland. I think the first time I grasped this was while covering the migration out of Haiti after the devastating earthquake in 2010. I quickly realized that this was not a migration story but a border story.

     Shortly after the earthquake, as hundreds of thousands of people were still in the rubble of their homes, a US jumbo jet flew overhead blasting out an announcement from the Haitian ambassador. He warned in Creole, “If you think you will reach the United States and all the doors will be wide open to you, that’s not at all the case. They will intercept you right in the water and send you back home where you came from.”

     Soon after, sixteen Coast Guard cutters came right up to the Haitian shore to stop the flight of any refugees. Then Washington contracted the private prison company GEO Group for “guard services” (presumably in a tent city in Guantánamo Bay) to in effect jail the victims.

     At once I saw that the US border was: 1) geographically removed from where I normally had thought it was; 2) elastic and able to extend at will very far from the US mainland; and 3) not passive, but aggressive. In a nutshell, the border was much bigger — much, much bigger — than I ever thought it was.

     For example, in 2012, when I was on an investigative trip to Puerto Rico, I learned that the tiny Mona Island — a mere thirty miles from the Dominican shore — was also literally part of the US border.

     So when a sinking boat carrying Haitians to another destination crashed onto the shores of that small island, they were absorbed by the US border: detained, arrested, incarcerated, and eventually deported by the US Department of Homeland Security back to Haiti.

     This is just one instance. Another is the Dominican Border Patrol, which the United States trained and equipped after its creation in 2007. And a third is Guatemala’s new Chorti border patrol, which the US Embassy, one commander told me, helped create to police its Honduran borderlands.

     This wasn’t limited just to the Western Hemisphere. On other trips I found out that US funds created a Kenyan border patrol and a massive surveillance system on the Jordanian-Syrian border. And this is just scratching the surface.

     To understand this, I think it’s important to go back to the 9/11 Commission Report’s paradigm-changing statement: “The American Homeland is the planet.” Since 2003, CBP has created twenty-three embassy attaches from Nairobi to Tokyo to Berlin to Brasilia and is at work in nearly one hundred countries through various border programs — creating, essentially, an empire of borders.

     While the United States has always had such international border operations, it dramatically expanded them after 9/11. When I asked one CBP official at its Washington headquarters to describe with one word how much they’ve grown since then, he answered: “exponentially.”

     AS

     So that’s how the United States controls the global flow of people. How do its policies cause migration to begin with?

     TM

     Washington’s climate, economic, and military policies bear an enormous responsibility for creating the conditions that drive people from their countries. The United States has long been history’s top emitter of greenhouse gases (since 1900 it has emitted nearly seven hundred times more than Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador combined), driving up temperatures, causing desertification, raising sea levels, exacerbating preexisting situations (often of intense poverty, especially in rural areas), effectively making it a force behind displacement.

     While borders have been hardened to deter, arrest, incarcerate, expel, and ultimately sort and classify the world’s most vulnerable people, destructive forces that cause migration can go where they please. One example of this is the “open border” policy in place for the US military.

     With its forces deployed in over eight hundred bases around the world, Washington has conducted countless military interventions and coups, leading people to flee to other countries for safety. For example, in 1954 the United States intervened in Guatemala to overthrow the democratically elected government of Jacobo Arbenz, resulting in a thirty-six-year armed conflict and brutal military repression.

     Another example is Washington-driven neoliberal economics. It has forced indebted countries to privatize state-owned companies, slash their welfare states, and open up their economies to US multinationals. While that made money for local and international capitalists, it wrecked the lives of small farmers and workers, many of whom left their countries for the United States and other advanced capitalist countries to find work as criminalized cheap labor.

     And if countries didn’t agree to neoliberalism, the United States often forced it upon them at gunpoint. If you look in Central America, Mexico, all around the world, this convergence of military and neoliberal policies has both done considerable damage and caused massive displacement of people.

     As the New York Times’s Thomas Friedman wrote so presciently and unselfconsciously in 1999, for the “hidden hand of the market” to work you need the “hidden fist” of the military to back it up and enforce it. And part of that hidden fist is the border regime that polices the migrants and refugees at its borders.

     AS

     This border regime, as you argue in your book, has generated a booming new industry in border security. What does this look like, and how does it intensify the attack on migrants in the United States and throughout the world?

     TM

     The US empire of borders has spawned a whole new dimension of carceral capitalism. It’s raking in enormous profits off the proliferation of walls, surveillance technology, checkpoints, and detention facilities.

     When I was traveling in Israel and Palestine in 2017 with an international group, a man from South Africa told me that what we were seeing was worse than apartheid era in his country. He made the point that in South Africa, while it was bad from 1948 to the early 1990s, there weren’t all the checkpoints, walls, armed agents and soldiers, and technologies that we were seeing in the occupied territories.

     During that trip we went to one of the biggest weapons and technology conferences in Israel. In the Tel Aviv convention center, Israeli companies pitched “proven” technologies, which they boasted had been tested on Palestinians under occupation, to governments from all over the world to police their own borders and oppressed populations.

     At another homeland security expo in Tel Aviv I saw the demonstration of the Orbiter III, which they called the “suicide drone.” The weapons dealer said that it could conduct surveillance on a target, and then, if they so decided, dive-bomb it and utterly destroy it.

     Even though Israel is the “homeland security/surveillance capital” of the world, as scholar Neve Gordon put it, the industry has metastasized throughout the world. I have been to similar border regime bazaars in San Antonio, in Paris, and in Mexico City.

     This whole industry has boomed as states across the globe have built more than seventy border walls (up from fifteen in 1989 after the fall of the Berlin Wall), spent billions on surveillance technologies, and hired hundreds of thousands of armed agents to guard the jagged frontier of the Global North and Global South. Corporations are profiting off border policing, adding crass capitalist interest to crude state repression.

      AS

     What are the domestic impacts of the border regime in the United States? How has it created a new caste division in the working class, deepened racial divisions, and built a state more prepared to repress its population?

     TM

     Border regimes, by their very nature, are systems of exclusion. They are enforced not only by guards but bureaucracies that oversee elaborate rules intended to make noncitizens work hard for their papers as if they were gaining membership to an exclusive club.

     In this sense, the border is much more than the international boundary line. In the United States, the border zone, or jurisdiction, extends a hundred miles inland along the 2,000-mile Mexican border, 4,000-mile Canadian border, and both coasts. That’s a good swath of country where Homeland Security forces operates in what the American Civil Liberties Union has called a “constitution-free zone.”

     Over 200 million people, approximately two-thirds of the US population, live in this zone, where the Border Patrol can set up checkpoints, do roving patrols, work with local and state police, and racially profile and target people for arrest, detention, and deportation. Over the last twenty-five years, the number of agents has ballooned from 4,000 to 21,000, and annual budgets have gone up from $1.5 billion in 1994 to $23 billion in 2018. Detention centers now exceed 250 and can be found throughout the country.

     This massive apparatus is only growing larger and becoming more invasive. For example, the Department of Homeland Security has been testing new small- and medium-sized drones with the ability to “fly unnoticed by human hearing and sight” along a “predetermined route observing and reporting unusual activity and identifying faces and vehicles involved in that activity comparing them to profile pictures and license plate data.”

     All of this amounts to a gargantuan, and profitable, exclusion apparatus, effectively creating a modern caste system that extends throughout the country and indeed the globe.

     AS

     Amid the struggle to close down Trump’s concentration camps, activists are again debating what we should demand. Why should we call for an end to the border regime and open borders?

     TM

     I was just listening to a podcast featuring Vox founder Ezra Klein, who said that he would be open to an argument for open borders if it were shown that it would not destabilize the country. Of course, Klein isn’t the only one with that view, it’s a mainstream one in many ways.

     However, what I think is the exact opposite. Hardened borders exist and are proliferating to police a world precisely because the global situation is already precarious and unstable. As I mentioned before, Washington’s climate, economic, and military policies (and to take it further, those of border-building Western regimes such as the European Union and Australia) have wrecked whole sections of the world.

     When the United States responds to these people by militarizing the border, it only exacerbates the instability. It doesn’t solve the causes of migration but locks them in place; creates chaos at the border, especially for migrants; stimulates corporate investment in the border regime; compromises our civil rights and liberties; and encourages demagogues like Trump to whip up xenophobia and racism.

     I think of the Palestinian artist Khaled Jarrar who, after removing a piece of the US-Mexico border wall near San Diego, said “I will not accept that this wall is in my face.” The whole purpose of Jarrar’s art is not only to dismantle a border apparatus, but also to transform into something more utilitarian.

     For example, he pounded a sledgehammer into the concrete wall that separated west from east Jerusalem, took out chunks of cement, and turned them into sculptures of soccer balls and cleats to give back to the kids whose soccer fields the wall had taken away. I often think of Jarrar’s question: why do we accept that these borders are in our face?

     It is akin to accepting a global caste system, a system of segregation long rejected by civil rights movements and internationally condemned by anti-apartheid movements. The one silver lining in the age of Trump is that his racist attacks on refugees and migrants has produced a new movement to challenge and dismantle the global border regime.’

Empire of Borders: How the US is Exporting its Border Around the World, by Todd Miller

http://www.jacobinmag.com/2019/10/todd-miller-empire-of-borders-immigration-trump

Jacobin Interview

http://www.jacobinmag.com/2019/10/todd-miller-empire-of-borders-immigration-trump

Peter Gabriel’s Games Without Frontiers becomes a song not of the horrors of universalized forever wars, but of liberation from the social use of force by abandoning the hills on which we fly our flags, including the flags of our skins.

Eugene O’Neil’s The Hairy Ape

Charlie Chaplin in The Factory

Diary of a Madman, by Nikolai Gogol

Discourse and Truth: The Problematization of Parrhesia, by Michel Foucault

https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/17/politics/gallery/migrants-texas-bridge-us-border/index.html

https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/02/us/hate-crimes-latinos-el-paso-shooting/index.html

https://time.com/5874088/el-paso-shooting-racism/

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/03/el-paso-shooting-texas-one-year-anniversary

https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/news/nation/2020/08/03/el-paso-walmart-shooting-racist-motive-behind-attack/5556903002/

August 2 2025 Anniversary of the Trump Indictment For Insurrection, Treason, Subversion of Democracy, and Conspiracy To Overturn the 2020 Election

     We remember this second anniversary of the trial of Our Clown of Terror, Rapist In Chief, and Pedo-predator of the United States Traitor Trump indicted on four counts of attempts to overturn the 2020 election and seize control of the state as a tyrant of the Fourth Reich’s white supremacist terror and theocratic-patriarchal sexual terror.

     This anniversary is shadowed by Trump’s July 31 2024 performance of his signature Theatre of Cruelty in an interview with Black journalists, where his contempt for women and nonwhite people and for the ideals, values, and institutions of democracy was on full display, along with his vacuous idiocy, arrogance, trivial bluster, entitlement and delusions of grandeur; but by now I believe we can stipulate the psychopathy of Trump the rapist, Nazi revivalist, and Russian agent who would be king.

     But if there is darkness which seethes among us like an annihilating leprous swarm of Christian Identity fascism, there is also light and hope for the Restoration of America; and the sanctity of our nation’s founding principle that all human beings “are created equal, and endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights, among these being life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” has been re-established. Herein I signpost that nowhere in this are such inherent human rights restricted to citizens.

       There can be no greater and more clear and immediate image of the choices we now face in the streets in the battle against ICE white supremacist terror and forces of occupation, and in our future elections in choosing a vision of a future America; of liberty and tyranny, loyalty and treason, good and evil, Democrat or Republican versions of ourselves.

     Let us act in Solidarity as guarantors of each others freedoms as citizens and universal human rights, to forge a free society of equals which upholds our uniqueness in a diverse and inclusive civilization, and bring regime change to the captured state of Vichy America now under the tyranny and terror of the Fourth Reich.                

     We must now wage War to the Knife for our liberty in Resistance and liberation struggle, but we must not abandon the field of electoral and legislative politics nor the instrument of lawfare.

     Let us choose not masters and tyrants to subjugate us, but champions to liberate us. And let us be those champions for others.

     As I wrote in my post of August 2 2023, Strike Three For Trump and the Party of Treason; We remain a chiaroscuro of darkness and light; we Americans, we human beings. Such boundaries define us, written in blood; I hope that one day these may also become interfaces.

      As I wrote in my post of February 11 2021, Profiles in Treason and Terror; The dishonorable and the mad, the delusional and the sadistic epicures of brutality and perversions, the feral predators hooting and champing before the gallows and guillotines they have brought to murder members of congress with and their partners in uniform unleashing racist terror and gun violence in the streets, and the amoral and predatory grifters and puppetmasters of fascism who have subjugated and enslaved them and stolen their honor and their souls; these are among the idolators of Traitor Trump who conspired, enabled, and collaborated in his plot to subvert democracy and overthrow America in the January 6 Insurrection which attempted to seize Congress and execute its members, which like Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch on which it was modeled was intended to decapitate the government of the people in a single stroke.

     As details emerge of the internal operations and massive scale of the plot against America, in terms of its central coordination and logistics under direct operational command of Trump and his cabal of conspirators, we are offered not only the spectacle of his aberrance and monstrosity as a mad idiot Clown of Terror drooling and gloating in bestial depravity at the destruction of our values and institutions, the violation of our ideals and the endless suffering he has caused, but of those of his freakish and degenerate followers as well.

      As I wrote in my post of June 13 2023, The Monster Brought to Judgement; Rejoice with me in the spectacle of the monster brought to judgement, his numberless crimes and perversions and those of his treasonous and dishonorable minions and collaborators in a loathsome regime of patriarchal sexual terror and white supremacist terror as theocratic fascism and tyranny, designed and perpetrated for the purposes of infiltration and subversion of democracy and capture of the state, are displayed before the stage of history and the world as defining limits of the human and branded into the soul of America.

     Like the thief’s brand of Milady de Winter in Alexandre Dumas’ The Three Musketeers, may the actions of Our Clown of Terror, Traitor Trump, forever remind us who the enemies of Liberty truly are, regardless of the masks they wear and the web of lies in which they seek to trap us as the raw material of their power.

    Saboteurs of our justice system and agents of the Fourth Reich have conspired to deny us a public viewing of the trial, a trial whose functions are not limited to the espionage of one Russian agent and ex President, but include the restoration of the legitimacy of the justice system, of America as both state and idea, and of democracy globally.

    We must see the monster disempowered to harm us, exposed and cast out, if we are to find catharsis in this morality play, for Trump is a figure of the diseased heart of America as a Sin Eater for all of his followers and those who voted for him and his policies of division and theft of the soul. We must purge our destroyers from among us; most especially those who once believed his lies and enabled him as voters and co-conspirators including the whole of the Republican Party must now be granted the chance to disavow him and free themselves of their subjugation to theocratic fascism, or be judged with him by history.

     This process of catharsis and the Restoration of America is by now two and a half years along since the January 6 Insurrection marked the high tide and collapse of fascism in America, progress we can measure by the few supporters who came to the trial in response to Trump’s dogwhistled orders to storm the court as a demonstration of power, as compared to the masses who perpetrated the storming of Congress in the Insurrection. Trump is still proclaiming madness and issuing terroristic commands, but almost no one is listening anymore.

     The tide of fascist tyranny and terror in America has turned, and now is the time to bring a Reckoning for its evils.

     For we are many, we are watching, and we are the future.

     As I wrote in my post of March 30 2023 ,Victory For America and Democracy: the Indictment of Traitor Trump; Jubilation and dancing in the streets erupts across America as the most dangerous foreign agent to ever attack our nation in the capture of the state with the Stolen Election of 2016 is indicted for illegal hush money payoffs to a prostitute; not yet for his trafficking of the stolen migrant children, the political assassination of our Antifa comrade Michael Reinoehl, the abduction and torture of Black Lives Matter protestors by Homeland Security’s army of occupation, his six coup attempts ending with the January 6 Insurrection, or treason in the subversion of democracy, but such a Reckoning will come.

     This is the first step of Trump’s descent into hell, where he will join his buddy Epstein and his idol Hitler.

      I will remember always the moment when I realized Trump is actually an enemy agent and not merely a vile buffoon; watching as he took his Oath of Office swearing to uphold the Constitution and defend America from all enemies foreign and domestic, while Russian bombs fell on the American servicemen he had abandoned to their deaths in Syria.

      Of Trump’s regime and the Fourth Reich we may say as Mark Twain did of the French Revolution and the epochal system of unequal power as monarchy which it overthrew; “THERE were two “Reigns of Terror,” if we would but remember it and consider it; the one wrought murder in hot passion, the other in heartless cold blood; the one lasted mere months, the other had lasted a thousand years; the one inflicted death upon ten thousand persons, the other upon a hundred millions; but our shudders are all for the “horrors” of the minor Terror, the momentary Terror, so to speak; whereas, what is the horror of swift death by the axe, compared with lifelong death from hunger, cold, insult, cruelty, and heart-break? What is swift death by lightning compared with death by slow fire at the stake? A city cemetery could contain the coffins filled by that brief Terror which we have all been so diligently taught to shiver at and mourn over; but all France could hardly contain the coffins filled by that older and real Terror—that unspeakably bitter and awful Terror which none of us has been taught to see in its vastness or pity as it deserves.”

      How shall future histories of the American Fourth Reich and the tyranny and terror of Traitor Trump’s Russian puppet regime remember and characterize him as its figurehead?

     As I wrote in my post of June 29 2020, Traitor Trump, Bad Monkey William Barr, and the Subversion of the Rule of Law; Bad Monkey Barr gibbers and champs in his cage, rattling the bars and hurling scoops of his poo at the visitors. Trump the Incorrigible Brat makes faces and taunts him, spurring him on to displays of vicious foulness and depravity, alike in their embrace of the power to hurt others and thereby elevate themselves in vainglorious drooling dominance through fear.

    Trump the Clown of Terror and his pet beast of pain and despair William Barr; carnival sideshow freaks of like nature, Trump upon his golden toilet of self-aggrandizement and Barr scampering at his feet and uttering perversions for treats.

    Stay well back from the cage, children; the President grabs. His every action is calculated to generate helplessness from his victims, his strategies of politics an elaborate ritual of personal superiority through the submission of others which he offers to the demons which possess him, whispering their incantations of violation and depravity in the hollow rottenness beneath his orange painted husk of illusions and lies.

    Such is the true purpose and intention of Trump’s psychopathic game of power as the figurehead of a fascist tyranny of white supremacist terror, misogynistic patriarchy and theocratic Gideonite fundamentalism, and plutocratic disaster capitalism, of authoritarian force and control and the subversion of democracy, in his monstrous acts of treason against our values and institutions of freedom, equality, truth, and justice; the destruction of America and of liberty and the universal human rights we are heir to throughout the world and from the future possibilities of becoming human.

     Trump and his fascist conspirators and enablers want nothing less than to devour our souls and enslave us, beginning with the capture of America as a Theatre of Cruelty and the abandonment of our historic role as a guarantor of democracy and the Rights of Man.

     In the darkness of his warrens beneath the White House, Trump howls and lashes out in rage through his proxies like William Barr, who with somersaults of avarice joins him in a delirium of madness and evil. From his lair and cabal of intimates Trump’s Sith-like influence ripples out through networks of master-disciple relationships to engulf our nation and our world in a vast web of deceit, and this network of secret power must be fought on its own terms with exposure and mass action.

     As I wrote in my post of June 9 2023, We Celebrate the Indictment of Traitor Trump, Russian Spy and Most Effective Enemy Agent Ever to Attack America, For Espionage in the Theft of State Secrets; How do you spell Trump? Treason, Racism, Untruth, Misogyny, Predator.

      Take a moment to savour with me the indictment of Trump for the crime of espionage. Ahhh, the bliss.

      A commentator on MSN’s Eleventh Hour this night pronounced the magic words which I hope will awaken our nation from the long nightmare of capture by the Fourth Reich; “I think Trump is done.”

     It has been a fairytale from which we may learn many kinds of morals, a story which begins in the 1980 capture of the Republican Party by Jerry Falwell’s Moral Majority movement as a fundamentalist theocracy and the Presidency of its figurehead Ronald Reagan and the Mayan Genocide they unleashed together, and found its true form in the Presidency of a pedophile rapist and Russian agent who for years slept with a copy of Hitler’s Mein Kampf on his nightstand in place of a Bible.

      Here in the trial of Traitor Trump is a morality play which is also a Rashomon Gate of our possible futures, for it is more than a legal last stand of the rule of law and the idea of democracy in America against a rigged electoral process which offers capture of the state to its enemies, but also a trial of democracy in America and of our infiltrated and subverted justice system whose court of ultimate appeal is a Supreme Court which is become a whorehouse.    

      What is the meaning of the Trump regime in the story of America and our future possibilities of becoming human as a free society of equals?

       As I wrote in my post of November 5 2020. Trump’s Last Coup Attempt and Subversion of Democracy as His Ship of Fools Sinks in Pathetic Failure;  As Trump’s Ship of Fools comes apart at the seams and sinks beneath the waves in pathetic failure, our Clown of Terror collapses in infantile tantrums and tries to take democracy down with him, a final gesture of madness and idiocy in his delusional quest to subvert our values and institutions of liberty and seize tyrannical power.

     We must never forget how close we came to a repeat of the 1933 German Federal Election that set Hitler on the path to a tyranny of absolute power; this is clearly the most important electoral event in the history of humankind since then, and the two elections are terrifyingly parallel. Trump tried three times to use the Black Lives Matter protests to create fear and legitimize the federal occupation of America under the pretext of re-establishing law and order in an exact duplication of Hitler’s successful strategy using the Reichstag Fire, and failed.

     We have escaped the jaws of the Fourth Reich which have held us fast for four years, since the Stolen Election of 2016, while Trump and his cabal of Gideonite fundamentalist patriarchs, white supremacist terrorists, and plutocratic robber barons have violated everything about America which is noble and true, plundered the public wealth, dehumanized and divided us, sabotaged and subverted the institutions of our freedom, equality, truth, and justice, betrayed our allies and emboldened our foes, lost the American hegemony of global power and privilege and our position as a guarantor of democracy and universal human rights and a beacon of hope to the world.

     Let us never forget the bottomless depravities, treasons, and amoral predation and greed of Trump’s many enablers and conspirators in the Fall of America as we struggle in the years ahead to reclaim our nation and our souls. We must hold them to account, but we must also reimagine our society and the many systemic and structural flaws by which we came to this broken and lost state.

      As I wrote in my post of June 9 2022, The Greatest Show on Earth: Presenting the January 6 Committee; Tonight our puppets will dance upon the stage of history and our imaginations, while a chiaroscuro of light as truth and democracy versus darkness as fascist tyranny and falsification, lies, illusions, rewritten histories, alternate realities, conspiracy theories and propaganda play for the kingdom of our souls and the fate of America and the world.

     Who do we want to become, we humans? A free society of equals or a prison planet of masters and slaves?

     Now begins a great Reckoning, and we shall see.

     As I wrote in my post of February 10 2021, Treason, Tyranny, and Terror on Trial: As the Second Impeachment of Traitor Trump Begins, I Submit Charges Before the People’s Tribunal of Crimes Against Humanity for Which Trump and His Collaborators Should Now Be On Trial; Among the many crimes against humanity for which Traitor Trump and his collaborators should be on trial but are not yet include the genocide and ethnic cleansing of Mexican and other nonwhite migrants, the concentration camps at our border, the orphaning and torture of children, and the state tyranny and terror of fascist and racist violence as national policy perpetrated by the ICE and Border Patrol components of Homeland Security, forces of repression which are antidemocratic by their nature and which should be abolished as a top priority of the Restoration of America.

    Just as villainous and reprehensible is the parallel program of racist police violence and the carceral state to re-enslave Black American citizens and enforce systemic forms of inequality and injustice through state terror, repression of dissent, the force of a militarized police and the counterinsurgency model of policing which has transformed our security services into an army of occupation with primarily political objectives, and the control of pervasive and endemic surveillance and propaganda, lies, illusions, and subversions of the truth.

     Our Clown of Terror, Traitor Trump, and his circus of fools, degenerates, and barbarians, his enablers and collaborators both within the government and his shadow forces rallying under the Confederate flag to bring violence and insurrection to our nations capital and to the streets of our cities throughout America, are co-conspirators and instigators in the murders of every Black American killed by police shooting or other racist violence since its authorization by Trump in the wake of Charlottesville.

      And every missing child kidnapped by the state and disappeared into what abominable slavery or human trafficking designed in the diseased imagination of Trump and his Epstein buddies we know not of, every migrant of the huddled masses yearning to be free who died in the quest to reach the safety of America because the water caches had been intentionally sabotaged by criminals in the uniform of our nation who were “just following orders” like their counterparts in the SS during the Holocaust, every prisoner who died in custody because they were denied water or medical care; the blood of these and countless other victims of Trump’s narcissistic self-aggrandizement and regime of fascist corruption, racism, and patriarchal sexual terror is on the hands of every  Republican who voted for him and fails now in this trial to repudiate him publicly and renounce his works as among those of the devils which he serves.

     For in his actions Trump has been not only a foreign agent and Putin’s puppet whose mission is the subversion of democracy and the Fall of America, but also a slave of Moloch the Seducer, Demon of Lies, in that he is not merely a pathological liar but also an idiot madman who cannot distinguish truth from lies, and who has weaponized his delusions and psychopathy as instruments of our falsification and subjugation in his quest for tyrannical power.

     The bizarre and lurid dark fairytales of the QAnon conspiracy theory movement, like the charges of the Inquisition and the Nazis which othered witches and Jews on which QAnon is constructed, serves as deflection from Trump’s loathsome perversions and sexual terrorism. What terrors did he conceal behind the beauty pageant and modeling syndicate he once controlled?

     His Stop the Steal campaign is a similar deflection which shields him from inquiry into the Stolen Election of 2016 and the fact that his Presidency was entirely illegitimate and due to Russian interference; it was also the rhetorical and organizational basis of his final attempted coup on January 6, for which he is now being impeached for the second time.

     We must cast out the monsters from among us, the racists and white supremacist terrorists, the Gideonite fundamentalists and patriarchs of Christian Identity fascism and sexual terror, and the amoral forces of repression of those who would enslave us and who enforce hegemonies of elite power and privilege and hierarchies of exclusionary otherness armed with guns and badges and the authority of a government which has been infiltrated by the Fourth Reich, an implacable and relentless enemy which has come just short of seizing us in its jaws.

     We must give fascism no second chances.

     As written by Nick Visser in Huffpost, in an article entitled 7 Key Takeaways From Donald Trump’s Jan. 6 Indictment; “ormer President Donald Trump has been indicted over his attempt to remain in power after he lost the 2020 presidential election, yet another moment of reckoning amid a torrent of criminal charges.

     Trump faces four felony charges as part of a sweeping, 45-page indictment filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Special counsel Jack Smith’s team of investigators accused the former president of multiple conspiracies to defraud the United States, to obstruct an official proceeding and to deprive people of their right to vote and have that vote counted under the Constitution.

    1. Trump knew his claims were false but spread them anyway to create an “intense national atmosphere of mistrust and anger.”

Prosecutors note that Trump, like every American, had the right to speak publicly about the election “and even to claim, falsely,” that there had been “outcome-determinative fraud.”

     But his efforts became unlawful when he moved to defraud the United States and attempt to subvert the process of collecting, counting and certifying the election results. That plan, the indictment says, included a multi-prong approach to spread lies, install slates of fake electors in swing states and convince election officials and then-Vice President Mike Pence to subvert the will of the people.

     “Despite having lost, the Defendant was determined to remain in power,” the indictment says.

     2. The indictment identifies six co-conspirators.

Trump was aided in his effort to overturn the 2020 election by six unnamed co-conspirators, the indictment says.

     Five of them are identifiable through details and information provided in the filing documents:

     1. Rudy Giuliani is listed as “an attorney who was willing to spread knowingly false claims and pursue strategies that the Defendant’s 2020 re-election campaign attorneys would not.”

     2. John Eastman is listed as “an attorney who devised and attempted to implement a strategy to leverage the Vice President’s ceremonial role overseeing the certification proceeding to obstruct the certification of the presidential election.”

     3. Sidney Powell is listed as “an attorney whose unfounded claims of election fraud the Defendant privately acknowledged to others sounded ‘crazy.’”

     4. Jeffrey Clark is identified as “a Justice Department official who worked on civil matters and who, with the Defendant, attempted to use the Justice Department to open sham election crime investigations and influence state legislatures with knowingly false claims of election fraud.”

     5. Kenneth Chesebro is listed as “an attorney who assisted in devising and attempting to implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to obstruct the certification proceeding.”

     6. The sixth co-conspirator is so far unknown but is identified as “a political consultant who helped implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to obstruct the certification proceeding.”

     3. People in Trump’s orbit repeatedly told him there was no evidence of voter fraud.

     The indictment alleges Trump and his co-conspirators made repeated, “prolific” claims of election fraud despite knowing they were false. Prosecutors say that Trump was repeatedly told by his inner circle his claims were untrue but that he “deliberately disregarded the truth.”

     Smith’s team pointed to conversations Trump had with Vice President Mike Pence, senior leaders at the Justice Department, the director of national intelligence, the Department of Homeland Security and many aides, White House attorneys and campaign staffers, all of whom said his claims were unsubstantiated.

     4. Trump acknowledged claims about election fraud and voting machines pushed by a co-conspirator sounded “crazy.”

The indictment notes that even as Trump’s legal advisers were working to undercut election results in Georgia, he knew the claims were unfounded and even described Co-Conspirator 3’s plan as “crazy.”

     That sentiment spread through Trump’s close advisers as the effort to install slates of fake electors in swing states began in force in an effort to obstruct a true count of the Electoral College votes.

     “Here’s the thing the way this has morphed it’s a crazy play so I don’t know who wants to put their name on it,” Trump’s deputy campaign manager at the time texted to other aides. No one agreed to put their name on the plan as they couldn’t “stand by it.”

    5. Trump pressured the Justice Department to support him and threatened to remove those who refused to go along with his plan.

Trump repeatedly tried to get the Department of Justice to support his false claims of election fraud, “thus giving the Defendant’s lies the backing of the federal government.” But the acting attorney general and acting deputy attorney general both refused, saying the agency would not and could not change the outcome of the election.

     “Just say that the election was corrupt and leave the rest to me and the Republican congressmen,” Trump replied, the indictment says.

     The former president then attempted to install Co-Conspirator 4 as acting attorney general to help further the plot. Trump backed down after many in the White House threatened a mass resignation.

      6. Pence’s notes helped the special counsel craft his case.

Trump heavily pressured Pence to support his effort to remain in power and reject the ceremonial certification of Joe Biden as the winner of the election.

Prosecutors pieced together details of Trump’s conversations and thinking around the time using Pence’s “contemporaneous notes” in the days leading up to Jan. 6.

     The vice president rejected Trump’s attempts, telling him to his face that he didn’t believe he had the authority to do what Trump asked.

     Trump later told Pence that he would have to publicly criticize him, the indictment says, which prompted his chief of staff to inform the Secret Service about fears for Pence’s safety.

     7. Trump waited and watched on TV as his supporters stormed the Capitol.

The indictment claims Trump exploited the violence at the Capitol on Jan. 6 and resisted pleas from his aides and supporters to speak out as the insurrection grew.

     “When advisors urged the Defendant to issue a calming message aimed at the rioters, the Defendant refused, instead repeatedly remarking that the people at the Capitol were angry because the election had been stolen,” the document says.”

          As written by Heather Cox Richardson in her newsletter of August 2; “There have been more developments today surrounding yesterday’s indictment of former president Trump for conspiring to defraud the United States, conspiring to disenfranchise voters, and conspiring and attempting to obstruct an official proceeding as he tried to overturn the results of the 2020 election and install himself in office over the wishes of the American people.

     Observers today called out the part of the indictment that describes how Trump and Co-Conspirator 4, who appears to be Jeffrey Clark, the man Trump wanted to make attorney general, intended to use the military to quell any protests against Trump’s overturning of the election results. When warned that staying in power would lead to “riots in every major city in the United States,” Co-Conspirator 4 replied, “Well…that’s why there’s an Insurrection Act.”

     The Insurrection Act of 1807 permits the president to use the military to enforce domestic laws, invoking martial law. Trump’s allies urged him to do just that to stay in power. Fears that Trump might do such a thing were strong enough that on January 3, 2021, all 10 living former defense secretaries signed a Washington Post op-ed warning that “[e]fforts to involve the U.S. armed forces in resolving election disputes would take us into dangerous, unlawful and unconstitutional territory.”

     They put their colleagues on notice: “Civilian and military officials who direct or carry out such measures would be accountable, including potentially facing criminal penalties, for the grave consequences of their actions on our republic.” Josh Marshall at Talking Points Memo recalled today that military leaders told Congress they were reluctant to respond to the violence at the Capitol out of concern about how Trump might use the military under the Insurrection Act.

     Political pollster Tom Bonier wrote: “I understand Trump fatigue, but it feels like the president and his advisors preparing to use the military to quash protests against his planned coup should be bigger news. Especially when that same guy is in the midst of a somewhat credible comeback effort.”

     On The Beat tonight, Ari Melber connected Trump Co-Conspirator John Eastman to Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX). Just before midnight on January 6, 2021, after the attack on the U.S. Capitol, Eastman wrote to Pence’s lawyer to beg him to get Pence to adjourn Congress “for 10 days to allow the legislatures to finish their investigations, as well as to allow a full forensic audit of the massive amount of illegal activity that has occurred here.” On the floor of the Senate at about the same time, Cruz, who voted against certification, used very similar language when he called for “a ten-day emergency audit.”

     An email sent by Co-Conspirator 6, the political consultant, matches one sent from Boris Epshteyn to Trump lawyer Rudy Giuliani, suggesting that Epshteyn is Co-Conspirator 6. The Russian-born Epshteyn has been with Trump’s political organization since 2016 and was involved in organizing the slates of false electors in 2020. Along with political consultant Steve Bannon, Epshteyn created a cryptocurrency called “$FJB, which officially stands for “Freedom. Jobs. Business.” but which they marketed to Trump loyalists as “F*ck Joe Biden.” By February 2023, Nikki McCann Ramirez reported in Rolling Stone that the currency had lost 95% of its value.

     Since the indictment became public, Trump loyalists have insisted that the Department of Justice is attacking Trump’s First Amendment rights to free speech. Indeed, if Giuliani’s unhinged appearance on Newsmax last night is any indication, it appears that has been their strategy all along. Aside from the obvious limit that the First Amendment does not cover criminal behavior, the grand jury sidestepped this issue by acknowledging that Trump had a right to lie about his election loss. It indicted him for unlawfully trying to obstruct an official proceeding and to disenfranchise voters.

      Today, Trump’s former attorney general William Barr dismissed the idea that the indictment is an attack on Trump’s First Amendment rights. Barr told CNN’s Kaitlan Collins: “As the indictment says, they’re not attacking his First Amendment right. He can say whatever he wants. He can even lie. He can even tell people that the election was stolen when he knew better. But that does not protect you from entering into a conspiracy. All conspiracies involve speech. And all fraud involves speech. Free speech doesn’t give you the right to engage in a fraudulent conspiracy.”

     As written by Ed Pilkington in The Guardian, in an article entitled The 45 pages that skewer Trump’s bid to destroy American democracy; “More than 1,000 people charged over the US Capitol riot, millions of pages of evidence compiled by the House January 6 committee, hundreds of hours of depositions of key players – all this has finally been boiled down to a 45-page indictment that accuses Donald Trump of attempting to destroy American democracy.

     “Why didn’t they do this 2.5 years ago?” the former president asked peevishly on Tuesday, shortly before the indictment came down. The answer lies in the document itself: in its painstaking command of detail and in the cool, crisp legal language deployed by special counsel Jack Smith to make his case.

     This is the third time that Trump has been criminally indicted, and to some extent the shock value has worn off. Much of the content of the grand jury indictment filed in a federal court in Washington DC is familiar.

     But no one can doubt the significance of its contents. For the first time in US history, legal charges have been brought against a president for attempting to disrupt the peaceful transfer of power that until 6 January 2021 had stood as a pillar of American values since a defeated John Adams quietly snuck out of the capital on 4 March 1801.

     It’s taken two and a half years, sure, but Smith wastes no time in getting to the point. The second sentence of the indictment reads: “The defendant lost the 2020 presidential election”, taking us straight to that place where Trump so consequentially refused to go – the acceptance that he was a loser.

     By the fourth sentence, it is clear that Smith has no intention of mincing his words. He rolls out the L-word – “lies” – with an ease which belies the months of angst that the editors of American newspapers went through before they felt comfortable enough to attach it to Trump.

     Later, he accuses the former president of “fraud”, a charged word given the sequence of events. It was precisely that word that Trump used as the foundation stone of his bid to overturn the election – his lie that the 2020 election was riddled with fraud –and now it was being directed back at him.

     Smith portrays the former president as a man who was prepared to tear down everything to stay in office. “Despite having lost, the Defendant was determined to remain in power.”

     The Trump who emerges from the 45 pages is a frustrated man who, together with his unnamed and as yet uncharged co-conspirators, unleashed a concerted, relentless and fully conscious plan to subvert the 2020 election. Smith dates the plot to 14 November 2020, the day after Trump’s campaign lawyers had conceded defeat in court in Arizona, signalling that he had lost the presidential election.

     That day, Trump turned to “Co-Conspirator 1” – a clear description of his lawyer Rudy Giuliani who is referenced at least 40 times – and who “executed a strategy to use knowing deceit in the targeted states to impair, obstruct and defeat the federal government function”.

     “Knowing deceit” is critical, as it speaks to Trump’s state of mind that is likely to be a key legal battleground if and when the case goes to trial. Smith devotes pages to the subject, repeatedly underlining the allegation that Trump made “knowingly false claims” of fraud in the casting and counting of votes.

     “These claims were false, and the Defendant knew that they were false,” the document reads. It goes on to list the many people and institutions that directly informed Trump that there was no evidence of fraud, from Vice-President Mike Pence down.

     Familiar though they are, some of the details remain just too delicious for Smith – and by extension the Guardian – not to recount. He recalls that during the notorious call between Trump and Georgia’s secretary of state, Brad Raffensperger, in which the president asked him to “find” 11,780 votes, the defendant also claimed that 5,000 dead people had voted.

     “The actual number were two,” Raffensperger replied. “Two. Two people that were dead that voted.”

     The indictment largely follows the roadmap set out by the January 6 committee in its relatively elephantine 845-page final report. It traces the story of the fake electors who were convened in key battleground states lost by Trump in an effort to send illegal false electoral certificates to Congress.

     Smith emphasises the extraordinary lengths to which Trump and his co-conspirators went, filing a petition to the US supreme court from Arizona on 11 December 2020 “as a pretext to claim that litigation was pending in the state”. Giuliani was concerned, the indictment alleges using his “Co-Conspirator 1” moniker, that it “could appear treasonous for the AZ electors to vote if there is no pending court proceeding”.

     Sure enough, all 16 fake electors in Michigan have now been charged by the state attorney general, and further criminal counts are expected soon against some of the fake electors in Georgia.

       The lengths to which the conspirators would go is another searing theme running through the indictment. In a previously untold tableau, we see Co-Conspirator 4, clearly identifiable as the former justice department official and Trump loyalist Jeffrey Clark, confronting a White House lawyer who warned him that if Trump refused to leave the presidency there would be “riots in every major city”.

     “That’s why there’s an Insurrection Act,” Clark is alleged to have replied, alluding to the 1807 provision that empowers the US president to deploy the military to suppress civil disorder.

     There are other surprises in the document. In the passage on the pressure applied on Pence in the run-up to his ceremonial counting of the electoral college votes on January 6, Smith nonchalantly drops in a mention that prosecutors have obtained the former vice-president’s contemporaneous notes.

     That’s a revelation that should send a shiver down the spines of Trump’s defence team.

     We learn, too, that on the day of the US Capitol riot, Trump and Giuliani continued to exploit the violence by calling lawmakers to implore them to delay certification of Joe Biden’s victory. Giuliani was badgering US senators even as late as 7.18pm.

     The one argument that is absent here, significantly perhaps, is any suggestion that Trump personally orchestrated the uprising on January 6. It’s a striking omission, given some of the evidence that was heard by the House committee, including the sensational claim that Trump had tried to grab the wheel of his security vehicle and drive towards the Capitol building as the uprising was under way.

     Its absence, though, points to the careful, cautious tone of the indictment, and to its purpose. Unlike the January 6 committee report, the job of this document is not to lay down a record for history.

     Its task is to make a watertight legal case that Trump committed criminal acts that cut to the quick of the American experiment. There’s a lot riding on it: next year’s presidential election, the future of American democracy and that other consideration – a maximum sentence of 55 years in federal prison.”

     As written in The Guardian’s editorial, entitled The Guardian view on Donald Trump’s new indictment: America needs this trial: A healthy body politic cannot allow its core values and principles to be trashed with impunity; “he indictment served on Donald Trump on Monday marks the beginning of a legal reckoning that is desperately required, if American democracy is to properly free itself from his malign, insidious influence. Mr Trump already faces multiple criminal charges relating to the retention of classified national security documents and the payment of hush money to a porn star. But the gravity of the four counts outlined by the special counsel, Jack Smith, is of a different order of magnitude.

     Mr Trump stands accused of conspiring, in office, to overturn the result of the 2020 presidential election. Following Joe Biden’s victory, the indictment states, Mr Trump “knowingly” used false claims of electoral fraud in an attempt “to subvert the legitimate election results”. A bipartisan congressional committee report last year came to similar conclusions and provides much of the basis for the charges. But this represents the first major legal attempt to hold Mr Trump accountable for events leading up to and including the storming of the Capitol by a violent mob on 6 January 2021.

     The stakes could hardly be set higher. Democratic elections and the peaceful transfer of power are the cornerstones of the American republic. The testimony given to Congress indicates that Mr Trump used his authority to try to bully federal and state officials into supporting his claims that the election had been “stolen” from him. Repeatedly told that his assertions were baseless, he then mobilised a hostile crowd on 6 January to intimidate lawmakers charged with ratifying Mr Biden’s victory.

     It is inconceivable that Mr Trump should not be made to answer for actions that imperilled the constitutional and democratic functioning of the United States. The prosecutors’ case will hinge on their ability to prove that he knew his claims of a stolen election were bogus. But beyond the trial itself, it would be foolish to underestimate Mr Trump’s ability to turn even this situation to his own political advantage.

     The legal fronts on which Mr Trump is now engaged will drain his financial resources. But a narrative of victimhood and persecution has become, and will remain, the galvanising theme of his campaign. Two previous criminal indictments saw his poll ratings lift, helping him to establish a huge lead in the race for the Republican presidential nomination for 2024. Whatever the evidence to the contrary, a sizable proportion of American voters will continue to back Mr Trump’s self-serving version of reality.

     One of the most dangerously polarising elections in US history thus looms as, over the next 15 months, Mr Trump uses political cunning to evade the legal net that is closing around him. Through his lawyers, he will do all he can to delay matters, hoping eventually to dictate the course of events from the White House. For his part, Mr Smith said on Monday that the justice department will seek “a speedy trial”.

     It is in the interests of American democracy, to which Mr Trump represents a clear and present danger, that the justice department gets its wish. A healthy body politic cannot allow its founding values and core principles to be trashed with apparent impunity. Prosecutors will need to proceed with care and be alert to the complex political dynamics. But this climactic reckoning in court needs to take place before Mr Trump gets the chance to besmirch the country’s highest office all over again.”

     As written by Moira Donegan in The Guardian, in an article entitled Trump’s indictment proves he might not be bright, but he is dangerous: Donald Trump’s frantic, cynical and preposterous attempts to hang on to power after losing the 2020 election were a dark moment in US history; “In the 1976 political drama All the President’s Men, Robert Redford’s Bob Woodward meets the secretive FBI source, Deep Throat, in a parking garage to ask him what he knows about the Watergate break-in. Deep Throat – in real life, the FBI deputy director Mark Felt – is ominous and taciturn, refusing to say all that he knows. “I have to do this my way,” he tells Redford. “You tell me what you know, and I’ll confirm.” But he offers a blunt assessment of the inner workings of the Nixon administration. “Forget the myths that the media has created about the White House,” Deep Throat tells Woodward. “The truth is these are not very bright guys, and things got out of hand.”

     Few moments in history, including the Watergate scandal, have done so much to puncture the dignified mystique of American government as Donald Trump’s frantic, cynical and preposterous attempts to hang on to power after losing the 2020 election. The indictment against him related that effort, unsealed on Tuesday by the office of special counsel Jack Smith, charges Trump with engaging in three conspiracies: to defraud the United States in seeking to overturn the election, to obstruct the government in seeking to derail the January 6 proceedings, and perhaps most meaningfully, to deprive American voters of their right to have their votes counted. The charges are serious; the violence was deadly. But every one of the indictment’s 45 pages evokes Deep Throat’s words: these are not very bright guys.

     The document unsealed on Tuesday charges only Trump. But it also implicates six co-conspirators. These include a justice department official, probably the then assistant attorney general Jeff Clark, along with an unidentified political consultant. Also implicated are four Republican lawyers, seemingly including Trump’s personal attorney Rudy Giuliani; the law professor John Eastman, who concocted the false theory that the vice-president had the authority to intervene in the electoral vote counting ceremony; Ken Chesebro, an author of the fake electors scheme; and the quack pro-Trump conspiracy theorist Sidney Powell.

     It was with these accomplices that the special counsel alleges that Donald Trump embarked on a series of frauds, fabrications and cockamamie schemes to reverse the election outcome between November 2020 and early January 2021. That project had multiple successive fronts, with the conspirators moving on to new strategies as the previous ones failed. They tried to use the justice department to pursue frivolous and fraudulent allegations of election malfeasance; then they tried to conscript state officials into advancing false claims of election fraud; then they tried to send fake electors to congress; finally, they tried to stop congress from certifying the election results on January 6.

     All the while, they flooded the media with what the indictment calls “knowingly false” claims that the election was stolen, in the hope of creating public distrust in the election outcome and pressure on the officials who they believed could reverse it. None of these schemes were especially well-thought-out, and none would have been plausible without both a willingness by many Republican officials to lie on Trump’s behalf, and a willingness by many Trump supporters to commit violence. But those, sadly, are not in short supply.

     That Trump and his co-conspirators failed in their effort to subvert the election was largely a matter of luck; that they are now being charged in this most significant of Trump’s crimes was not at all guaranteed.

     Much of what is recounted in the indictment is not new. The facts presented by the special counsel hew closely to those laid out by the House January 6 committee in a series of televised hearings last year, and Smith, like that committee, spends a great deal of time eradicating any doubt about Trump’s state of mind or his certainty that his own statements about the election were false. But the indictment does contain new tidbits of information gleaned from the special counsel’s investigation, ones that make both the incompetence and the malice of the conspiracy plain. Copious testimony and contemporaneous notes provided by Mike Pence, for example, make it clear the extent to which Trump’s former vice-president, against whom he incited a murderous mob, is cooperating with the special counsel. Emails obtained by the investigation also add texture to the story of the election subversion effort. One campaign adviser, tasked with encouraging false claims of election fraud in Georgia, wrote in an email that the allegations being advanced by the Trump camp were “conspiracy shit beamed down from the mothership”. Not exactly the words of a man convinced of the righteousness of his own cause.

     More disturbingly, the indictment reveals the extent to which Trump and his co-conspirators were conscious of the possibility that their actions might lead to violence, and that violence might be required to achieve their goals. This does not seem to have disturbed them, or even to have prompted much hesitation.

     Pence’s lawyers allegedly told John Eastman that if the vice-president usurped the January 6 certification ceremony as Eastman wanted him to, the result would lead to a “disastrous situation” in which the election would “have to be decided in the streets”. On 3 January, just days before the riot, a member of the White House counsel’s office told Jeff Clark that if the president tried to remain in office as planned, there would be “riots in every major city in the United States”. To which Clark allegedly replied: “Well, that’s why there’s an Insurrection Act.” Clark was referring to a law that empowers the sitting president to deploy the military to suppress unrest.

     It has long been clear that far-right extremist militia groups, such as the Proud Boys and the Oath Keepers, planned for violence at the Capitol on January 6; it has been less clear the extent to which the Trump camp communicated with these groups, if at all, about the event and that possibility. It was a connection that has long been speculated about, but which the House committee on January 6 did not firmly make, and the special counsel’s indictment doesn’t, either.

     In December 2020, just weeks before Clark’s conversation, the leader of the Oath Keepers had called on Trump to invoke the Insurrection Act. This rhyming thinking doesn’t indicate coordination, but it does suggest a sympathy of mind, and of tactics, between the extremist groups and the Trump camp. It is an affinity that will only become clearer if Trump becomes the Republican nominee again, as he is all but certain to. These are not very bright guys, but they’re still quite dangerous ones.”

     What happens next, as Our Clown of Terror, Traitor Trump, fundraises off his indictment and uses it to centralize power in his domination of the Republican Party for his campaign to recapture the state in our next election, and move us nearer to a civil war?

     As written by Robert Reich in The Guardian, in an article entitled Trump is gearing up for his ‘final battle’. So should we; “Not once has Donald Trump veered from his core campaign theme.

     Recall the first rally of his 2024 election campaign on 25 March in Waco, Texas – exactly 30 years after a deadly siege between law enforcement and the Branch Davidians resulted in the deaths of more than 80 members of that religious cult and four federal agents.

     He opened with a choir of men imprisoned for their role in the January 6 insurrection singing “Justice for All”, intercut with the national anthem and with Trump reciting the Pledge of Allegiance with his hand on his heart. Behind, on big screens, was footage from the Capitol riot.

     Trump then repeated his bogus claim that the 2020 presidential election was “rigged”. He praised the rioters of January 6. 

     He raged against the prosecutors overseeing multiple investigations into his conduct as “absolute human scum”. He told the crowd that “the thugs and criminals who are corrupting our justice system will be defeated, discredited and totally disgraced.”

     He then declared:

     “Our enemies are desperate to stop us and our opponents have done everything they can to crush our spirit and to break our will. But they failed. They’ve only made us stronger. And 2024 is the final battle, it’s going to be the big one. You put me back in the White House, their reign will be over and America will be a free nation once again.”

     Since then, as indictments have piled up against him and his poll numbers among Republicans have risen, Trump’s “final battle” comes into ever sharper focus: it is a battle against the rule of law and democracy.

     The mega indictment we have all been waiting for – the indictment against Trump for his attempted coup against the United States – will be announced very soon.

     Trump is prepared to use it in his final battle.

     Tuesday, on an Iowa radio show, he warned it would be “very dangerous” if Special Counsel Jack Smith put him in jail, since his supporters have “much more passion than they had in 2020”.

     Unfortunately for the nation, the Republican party is uniting behind Trump’s side of this battle line.

     If not defending the January 6 rioters outright, Republican lawmakers are attacking Special Counsel Jack Smith, the justice department, the Manhattan district attorney, and other current and prospective prosecutors seeking to hold Trump accountable.

     A Trump indictment for attempting the overthrow of the constitutional order and the verdict of the electorate will guarantee that 2024 will be more of a referendum on Trump than a referendum on Biden, as was the 2020 election.

     It will make it harder for Republican candidates across the nation to focus on their fake nemeses – “woke” teachers and corporations, trans youth, LGBTQ+ people, immigrants and “socialism” – and force them instead to defend Trump’s side in the final battle.

     Trump and the Republicans will lose this battle. Even if they win Republican primaries, they will lose the general election.

     Recall that last November, virtually every 2020-election-denying Republican who sought office in a truly contested election went down to defeat.

     Those who care about democracy and the rule of law should welcome the battle, and not just because it will help Biden and the Democrats.

     It will also help clarify what’s at stake for the nation in 2024 and beyond.

     It will show how eager Trump and the Republican party are to abandon democracy and the rule of law in order to gain power. It will show that the vast majority of Americans reject their position.

     Americans hold different views about many things, but most of us oppose authoritarianism. We reject fascism.

     We value the constitution and the Bill of Rights. We are committed to democracy, even with its many flaws. We support the rule of law.

     We want to live in a nation where no one is above the law. We want to be able to sleep at night without worrying that a president might unleash armed lackeys to drag us out of our homes because he considers us to be his enemy.

     The pustule of Trump has been growing since 2016, and the authoritarian impulses underlying this infection have been allowed to fester for decades.

     Folks, it is finally time to lance this boil. It is time to decidedly rescue democracy and the rule of law. It is time to defeat Trump and his enablers who are determined to defy the core values of America.

     Let the battle begin.”

     As I wrote in my post of June 15 2022, Act Three of the Greatest Show on Earth: Where Do We Go From Here?;  Where do we go from here?

      Democracy in America survived its most terrible moment of peril from internal threat in the January 6 Insurrection, yet here we are, witness to the public exposure of the plot and its treasonous conspirators on television as Congress brings a Reckoning to the Fourth Reich.

      Like the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923 on which it was modeled, it failed; but in doing so also achieved all of its strategic goals, moving our great enemy nearer to victory by staging a Lost Cause which established the fascist counternarrative as iconography that Trump remains our legitimate President. Next time, and there will always be a next time, we may not be so lucky.

      Not only do the forces of fascism remain an active threat, through open allegiance to the Lost Cause which echoes horrifically with that of the Confederacy and the KKK whose adherents are among the networks of deniable assets now among us as they were at the Capitol on that fateful day, but the vast resources of wealth and power at their command after seventy years of infiltration of global elites and governments remain undiminished.

      But none of this is relevant to the true threat which fascism poses to us all today; for America has been divided against itself, and as we are warned by Abraham Lincoln in 1858 in his House Divided speech in reference to the synoptic Gospels of Luke 11:17, Mark 3:25, and Matthew 12:25; “If we could first know where we are, and whither we are tending, we could better judge what to do, and how to do it.

     We are now far into the fifth year, since a policy was initiated, with the avowed object, and confident promise, of putting an end to slavery agitation.

Under the operation of that policy, that agitation has not only, not ceased, but has constantly augmented.

     In my opinion, it will not cease, until a crisis shall have been reached, and passed –

     “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”

     I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free.

     I do not expect the Union to be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall – but I do expect it will cease to be divided.

     It will become all one thing, or all the other.”

      As we are taught with the lyrics of the song Where Do We Go From Here?, in Buffy the Vampire Slayer episode 7 of season 6, Once More With Feeling, possibly the greatest musical episode of any telenovela yet created;

 “Where do we go from here

Where do we go from here

The battle’s done,

And we kinda won.

So we sound our victory cheer.

Where do we go from here.

Why is the path unclear,

When we know home is near.

Understand we’ll go hand in hand,

But we’ll walk alone in fear. (Tell me)

Tell me where do we go from here.

When does the end appear,

When do the trumpets cheer.

The curtains close, on a kiss god knows,

We can tell the end is near…

Where do we go from here

Where do we go from here

Where do we go

from here?”

       Here is an elegy for the Fall of America, a hymn to a dying hope and the lost grandeur of a fallen nation. When in a distant future the artifacts of our civilization begin to puzzle whatever beings arise from our carrion, and they ask who were the Americans, I hope such music as this lamentation remains to guide their questions.

     Yet hope remains when all is lost, and whether it becomes a gift or a curse is in our hands. These lyrics speak of the modern pathology of disconnectedness, of the division and fracture of our Solidarity, of subjugation through learned helplessness and the dominion of fear. But this is not the end of the story, nor of ours.

     Once More With Feeling ends not with abjection, but with The Kiss, between the Slayer and Spike, one of the monsters she hunts. A very particular kind of monster, who is also the hero of the story in its entire seven year arc; one who is made monstrous by his condition of being and forces beyond his control, against which he struggles for liberation and to recreate and define himself as he chooses, a monster who reclaims his humanity and his soul. This is why we continue to watch the show twenty years after its debut; we are all Spike, locked in titanic struggle for the ownership of ourselves with authorized identities and systemic evils, a revolution of truths written in our flesh against imposed conditions of struggle and orders of human being, meaning, and value.

      Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an allegory of Sartrean freedom in a world without inherent value or meaning, of the joy of total freedom versus the terror of our nothingness, and above all a song of the redemptive power of love to return to us our true selves.

      This is how we defeat fascist tyranny in the long game, after we bring a Reckoning for its crimes against humanity and its subversion of democracy; let us answer hate with love, division with solidarity, fear with hope, and bring healing to the flaws of our humanity and the brokenness of the world.

America dances with our addiction to power;

 Liberty and Fascist Tyranny, Hope and Fear,

The terror of freedom and the ecstasy of submission

 Hozier – Take Me to Church, Art-project Inspiration. Choreography and directed by Helga Geller

Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season 6 episode 7- Once More, with Feeling – Where Do We Go From Here?

Incredulous laughter, audible gasps: Trump’s performance at Black journalists’ panel left him exposed

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/31/trump-nabj-black-journalists-chicago

Black journalists respond to ‘disastrous’ Trump panel at annual convention

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/31/nabj-trump-panel-black-journalists-respond

‘It’s not a theoretical proposition’: the ‘war game’ imagining a coup in the US

Trump 2020 election interference case resumes after immunity decision

7 Key Takeaways From Donald Trump’s Jan. 6 Indictment

The 45 pages that skewer Trump’s bid to destroy American democracy

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/02/donald-trump-indictment-pages-jack-smith-january-6-election-2020?CMP=share_btn_link

The Guardian view on Donald Trump’s new indictment: America needs this trial | Editorial

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/02/the-guardian-view-on-donald-trumps-new-indictment-america-needs-this-trial?CMP=share_btn_link

Trump’s indictment proves he might not be bright, but he is dangerous

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/02/trump-indictment-jan-6-election-danger?CMP=share_btn_link

Trump is gearing up for his ‘final battle’. So should we

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/jul/24/donald-trump-2024-election-final-battle

Jack Smith Says Trump’s ‘Lies’ Fueled Attack On The Capitol

Mike Pence Says Trump Indictment Shows ‘Our Country Is More Important Than One Man”

Letters From An American

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/WhctKKZGZCNggmwdGrWlClzkjVxrtrsxtnXBwljFFtNQNrGfsWKbhRWFrmgQQggkZsWqctq

 Finally, 30 months after leaving office in disgrace, Trump must face the music                    

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/01/trump-republican-support-primaries

August 1 2025 A Legacy of Resistance: Anniversary of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising

      The First of August marks the Anniversary of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising, an object lesson of the horrors of war and the grandeur of Resistance against impossible odds. In a world where the Resistance now combats fascist tyranny in so many arenas and theatres, the Warsaw Uprising remains a song of the glories of antifascist action, revolutionary struggle, and liberation movements, and a cautionary tale of its dangers and points of failure.

     For sixty-three days, nearly a million civilians trapped in the city under Nazi occupation were savaged in this war of survival, a tragic and glorious Resistance doomed by the political implications of an independence movement which was timed to liberate Poland before the advancing Soviet forces with the goal of keeping Poland free rather than trading the Nazi Occupation for a Soviet one, which explains why it failed while the parallel Paris Uprising coordinated with the Allied Liberation succeeded. Had the leaders of the Warsaw Uprising forged an alliance and coordinated with the Soviet tanks on the far side of the river to break the Nazis, and negotiated who was in control of what later, results could have been very different.

     This is one of the great lessons of the Warsaw Uprising; always communicate before taking action. Another is the value of solidarity; who stands alone, dies alone. Most important of all is a lesson I would hope is obvious; win first, settle accounts and divide the spoils later.

     A campaign of disruption, ambush, and sabotage, using the confusion of political mass action as concealment and a unifying narrative, can make mischief behind enemy lines and in cities under occupation, and can be very useful in coordination with an army which can challenge an enemy directly, especially as scouts, but this is not the kind of war the Warsaw Uprising chose to fight. Much like Hamas in the Gaza War, they fought a campaign of total war for control of the city, with the city itself and the lives of all its people in the balance, with horrific consequences.

    Yet they fought, without regard to the cost, in a campaign both absurd and noble, tragic and glorious, a last stand against a nihilistic barbarian modernity of fascist tyranny and terror, doomed and beautiful as was the defense of the Great Siege of Malta, and bearing to the last the only title that matters, that of Invictus.

    Here I reference the great poem Invictus, which means Unconquered in Latin, by William Ernest Henley.

   “Out of the night that covers me,  

  Black as the Pit from pole to pole,  

I thank whatever gods may be  

  For my unconquerable soul.  

In the fell clutch of circumstance

  I have not winced nor cried aloud.  

Under the bludgeonings of chance  

  My head is bloody, but unbowed.  

Beyond this place of wrath and tears  

  Looms but the Horror of the shade,

And yet the menace of the years  

  Finds, and shall find, me unafraid.  

It matters not how strait the gate,  

  How charged with punishments the scroll,  

I am the master of my fate:

  I am the captain of my soul. “

    This was an international campaign waged by volunteers which, as reported by Transnational Resistance, included “several hundred and represented at least 15 countries – Slovakia, Hungary, Great Britain, Australia, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Greece, Italy, the United States of America, the Soviet Union, South Africa, Rumania and even Germany and Nigeria.”

    Today it finds echo and reflection in the International Brigades defending Ukraine both as forces integrated into her military and as independent volunteers like myself and my friends of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, and those operating within Russia as allies of the peace movement now pervasive throughout the Russian military and the civilian democracy mass movement, which include the many Polish patriots and Resistance fighters who rallied to the cause of liberty under threat of nuclear annihilation and imperial conquest by Russia in answer to the call for volunteers by myself and the few hundred Defenders of Mariupol who escaped with me as the city was being sealed off for destruction on April 18, a new Polish Resistance founded in the meeting of which I wrote in my post of April 20 2022, What is the Meaning of Mariupol? Address to the Volunteers in Warsaw on April 20 in Warsaw.

     The circumstances of Mariupol, Rafah, and Warsaw in 1944 are comparable; so also with the crimes against humanity of the enemy. Here was the re-enactment of Guernica which established the fascist doctrine of Total War.

      Himmler’s SS retaliated massively in the Wola Massacre, during which two hundred thousand civilians were murdered and Warsaw destroyed by explosives. His orders read; ”The non-fighting part of the population, women, children, shall also be killed. The whole city shall be razed to the ground”.      

     The entire story is told in Norman Davies’ book Rising ’44 The Battle for Warsaw. Admire them as heroes, our antifascist brothers and sisters. but also learn from their mistakes, and avoid allowing the innocent to bear the cost of your nobility of purpose.

     We fight for a humankind united as guarantors of each other’s universal rights and humanity, though we must do so in a world not yet of transcendent and glorious ideals but of ambiguous, ephemeral, and relative truths and values, wherein imposed conditions of revolutionary struggle leave us as few chances for stands on principle which do not threaten risks of ideological fracture as they do for debate and negotiation with those who would enslave us.

     Resistance is always war to the knife.

     As the iconic photo below is described in ExecutedToday; “One legacy was eerily and unknowingly captured by a LIFE magazine photographer in 1948, of a young girl in a school for disturbed children in Poland. Her face a scramble of innocence and madness as it peers into the lens, she illustrates her “home” as an incoherent chalk vortex. It wasn’t known until many years after this photo became emblematic of a generation wracked by horror, but “Tereska” — Teresa Adwentowska — was an orphaned survivor of Wola.”

http://www.executedtoday.com/images/Tereska.jpg

Rising ’44: The Battle for Warsaw, by Norman Davies

https://jacobinmag.com/2021/08/warsaw-uprising-poland-factions-right-nationalism-kaczynski-communists-jews-home-army/?fbclid=IwAR1o1ElzoTA5LG5cFXGyp8xTgwTqoyoYG263QkK8bSiWtoX6SL-qGImwdug

https://jacobinmag.com/2015/11/timothy-snyder-bialoszewski-memoir-warsaw-uprising

https://jacobinmag.com/2020/08/marek-edelman-poland-democracy-solidarnosc

Polish

7 sierpnia 2024 Dziedzictwo oporu: Rocznica Powstania Warszawskiego 1944

      Pierwszego sierpnia przypada rocznica Powstania Warszawskiego 1944, lekcja poglądowa o okropnościach wojny i wielkości ruchu oporu przeciwko niemożliwym przeciwnościom. W świecie, w którym Ruch Oporu walczy teraz z faszystowską tyranią na tak wielu arenach i teatrach, Powstanie Warszawskie pozostaje pieśnią o chwale antyfaszystowskiej akcji, walki rewolucyjnej i ruchów wyzwoleńczych oraz ostrzegawczą opowieścią o jego niebezpieczeństwach i punktach niepowodzenia.

     Przez sześćdziesiąt trzy dni prawie milion cywilów uwięzionych w mieście pod nazistowską okupacją było atakowanych w tej wojnie o przetrwanie, tragicznym i chwalebnym ruchu oporu skazanego na polityczne implikacje ruchu niepodległościowego, który miał wyzwolić Polskę przed nacierającymi siłami sowieckimi mając na celu utrzymanie Polski wolnej, a nie zamianę okupacji nazistowskiej na sowiecką, co wyjaśnia, dlaczego się nie powiodła, podczas gdy równoległe Powstanie Paryskie koordynowane z Wyzwoleniem Aliantów odniosło sukces. Gdyby przywódcy Powstania Warszawskiego zawarli sojusz i skoordynowali się z sowieckimi czołgami po drugiej stronie rzeki, aby rozbić nazistów i negocjować, kto będzie kontrolował, co później, wyniki mogłyby być zupełnie inne.

     To jedna z wielkich lekcji Powstania Warszawskiego; zawsze komunikuj się przed podjęciem działań. Inną jest wartość solidarności; kto stoi samotnie, umiera samotnie. Najważniejsza ze wszystkich jest lekcja, która, mam nadzieję, jest oczywista; najpierw wygrywaj, rozliczaj się, a później rozdzielaj łupy.

     Kampania zakłócania porządku, zasadzki i sabotażu, wykorzystująca zamieszanie politycznej akcji masowej jako ukrycie i jednoczącą narrację, może zrobić krzywdę za liniami wroga i w okupowanych miastach i może być bardzo przydatna w koordynacji z armią, która może rzucić wyzwanie wróg bezpośrednio, zwłaszcza jako harcerze, ale nie na taką wojnę zdecydowało się Powstanie Warszawskie. Toczyli kampanię totalnej wojny o kontrolę nad miastem, z samym miastem i życiem wszystkich jego mieszkańców w równowadze, z przerażającymi konsekwencjami.

    A jednak walczyli, bez względu na koszty, w kampanii zarówno absurdalnej, jak i szlachetnej, tragicznej i chwalebnej, o ostatni bastion przeciwko nihilistycznej barbarzyńskiej nowoczesności faszystowskiej tyranii i terroru, skazanej na zagładę i pięknej, jak obrona Wielkiego Oblężenia Malty, i nosząc do końca jedyny tytuł, który ma znaczenie, tytuł Invictus.

    Odwołuję się tu do wielkiego wiersza Invictus, co po łacinie oznacza Niezwyciężony, autorstwa Williama Ernesta Henleya.

„Z nocy, która mnie okrywa,

  Czarny jak dół od bieguna do bieguna,

Dziękuję jakimkolwiek bogom mogą być

  Za moją niepokonaną duszę.

W upadłym szponach okoliczności

  Nie skrzywiłem się ani nie płakałem na głos.

Pod ciosami przypadku

  Moja głowa jest zakrwawiona, ale nie pochylona.

Poza tym miejscem gniewu i łez

  Krosna, ale horror cienia,

A jednak groźba lat…

  Znajdzie i znajdzie mnie bez lęku.

Nie ma znaczenia, jak cienka brama,

  Jak obciążony karami zwój,

Jestem panem swojego losu:

  Jestem kapitanem mojej duszy. “

    Była to międzynarodowa kampania prowadzona przez wolontariuszy, która, jak donosi Transnational Resistance, obejmowała „kilkaset i reprezentowała co najmniej 15 krajów – Słowację, Węgry, Wielką Brytanię, Australię, Francję, Belgię, Holandię, Grecję, Włochy, Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki, Związku Radzieckiego, RPA, Rumunii, a nawet Niemiec i Nigerii”.

    Dziś odbija się to echem i odbiciem w międzynarodowych brygadach broniących Ukrainy zarówno jako siły zintegrowane z jej wojskiem, jak i jako niezależni ochotnicy, tacy jak ja i moi przyjaciele z Brygady Abrahama Lincolna, oraz jako sojusznicy ruchu pokojowego wszechobecnego w Rosji. masowy ruch wojskowy i cywilnej demokracji, w skład którego wchodzi wielu polskich patriotów i bojowników ruchu oporu, którzy zjednoczyli się na rzecz wolności pod groźbą nuklearnej zagłady i imperialnego podboju przez Rosję w odpowiedzi na apel o wolontariat przeze mnie i kilkuset Obrońców Mariupola który uciekł ze mną, gdy miasto było pieczętowane na zagładę 18 kwietnia, nowy polski ruch oporu założony na spotkaniu, o którym pisałem w poście z 20 kwietnia 2022 r. Jakie jest znaczenie Mariupola? Przemówienie do Wolontariuszy w Warszawie 20 kwietnia w Warszawie.

     Okoliczności Mariupola i Warszawy w 1944 r. są porównywalne; podobnie też ze zbrodniami przeciwko ludzkości wroga.

      SS Himmlera masowo zemściło się w masakrze na Woli, podczas której zamordowano dwieście tysięcy cywilów, a Warszawa zniszczono materiałami wybuchowymi. Jego rozkazy czytały; „Niewalcząca część ludności, kobiety, dzieci też ma zostać zabita. Całe miasto zostanie zrównane z ziemią”.

     Całą historię opowiada książka Normana Daviesa Rising ’44 The Battle for Warsaw. Podziwiaj ich jak bohaterów, naszych antyfaszystowskich braci i siostry. ale także ucz się na ich błędach i unikaj pozwalania niewinnym ponosić koszty twojej szlachetności celu.

     Walczymy o ludzkość zjednoczoną jako gwarancje swoich uniwersalnych praw i człowieczeństwa, chociaż musimy to robić w świecie jeszcze nie transcendentnych i chwalebnych ideałów, ale dwuznacznych, efemerycznych i względnych prawd i wartości, w którym narzucone warunki rewolucyjnej walki pozostawiają nam równie mało szans na stanowisko co do zasad, które nie grozi złamaniem ideologicznym, jak na debatę i negocjacje z tymi, którzy chcą nas zniewolić.

      Opór jest zawsze wojną na nóż.

     Jak opisano poniżej kultowe zdjęcie w ExecutedToday; „Jedna ze spuścizny została sfotografowana w dziwny i nieświadomy sposób przez fotografa magazynu LIFE w 1948 roku, przedstawiająca dziewczynkę ze szkoły dla niespokojnych dzieci w Polsce. Jej twarz to szał niewinności i szaleństwa, gdy spogląda w obiektyw, ilustruje swój „dom” jako niespójny kredowy wir. Nie było wiadomo, aż wiele lat po tym, jak to zdjęcie stało się symbolem pokolenia dręczonego horrorem, ale „Tereska” — Teresa Adwentowska — była osieroconą ocaloną z Woli”.

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