
We mourn a hero in the death of Virginia Giuffre, and it is important that she be remembered not as a victim defined by her abuser, but as a hero whose witness of history was a seizure of power which liberated others, at great cost as is often true for those who choose to bear burdens for us all.
My flesh is a map of private holocausts written in horrors and atrocities which define the limits of the human and which I hope you cannot imagine, but there is nothing unique, special, or remarkable in this; in fact our suffering is the common condition of humankind, one which should bind us together in solidarity, interdependence, and universal principles of human being, meaning, and value rather than drive us apart as is so often the case, especially when fear is weaponized in service to power by authority.
Let us celebrate the defiance of authority and refusal to submit in the face of impossible odds and overwhelming force of Virginia Giuffre, whose glorious triumph over a monster and tyrant of patriarchal systems of oppression, commodification, and dehumanization will hold open a door of liberation struggle for so long as we remember.
Remember, and bring a Reckoning.
As written by Sammy Gecsoyler in The Guardian, in an article entitled Virginia Giuffre hailed as ‘fierce warrior’ for women, who ‘gave voice to the silenced’; “Virginia Giuffre has been hailed as an unflinching campaigner for survivors of sexual abuse, who took on the wealthy and the powerful during the course of her life.
“Virginia was a fierce warrior in the fight against sexual abuse and sex trafficking. She was the light that lifted so many survivors,” her family said in a statement confirming her death.
Her relentless pursuit of justice for what she claimed were the crimes committed against her by the billionaire financier and convicted paedophile Jeffrey Epstein made her a public figure in her own right.
The allegations she made against Prince Andrew set in train a legal battle that culminated in an out-of-court settlement in which the royal admitted no wrongdoing.
Andrew maintains his innocence, but the reputational damage brought on by the case – and the disastrous PR campaign he waged to cast doubt over Giuffre’s story – saw him step back from frontline duties with his image in tatters.
In 2000, when she was 17-years-old, Giuffre met the British socialite Ghislaine Maxwell while working as a locker-room assistant at Donald Trump’s Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida. Maxwell then offered her a job as massage therapist to Epstein.
Giuffre alleged that after taking the role she was trafficked to the financier’s friends and clients and “passed around like a platter of fruit”. Among them, she claimed, was Prince Andrew.
It was in March 2011 that Giuffre went on the record about the alleged horrors she faced, and claimed that she had met Andrew on three occasions in 2001.
In the Mail on Sunday, she recounted her first alleged meeting with Andrew during a six-week trip to Europe and North Africa when she was still 17. Giuffre said she flew to London with Epstein, who then took her to Maxwell’s house.
She said that she, Epstein and Maxwell all stayed in the house overnight, and when Maxwell woke her up in the morning, she told Giuffre: “We’ve got to go shopping. You need a dress as you’re going to dance with a prince tonight.”
She alleged Andrew arrived at Maxwell’s home before they went out for dinner and visited Tramp nightclub where, Giuffre claimed, she danced with Andrew.
Later that evening, Giuffre said they all returned to Maxwell’s home where a now infamous photograph of Giuffre, Andrew and Maxwell was taken.
She recounted two further meetings with Andrew: one in New York, and one on Epstein’s private island in the US Virgin Islands, by which time she was 18. At this point, claims of sexual contact with Andrew were not made public.
In 2014, Giuffre made a court filing in Florida claiming that she was made to have sex with Andrew. A year later, a judge decided that her allegations about the prince were “immaterial and impertinent” to a defamation claim against Maxwell and ordered them struck out.
In 2019, after Epstein’s arrest and death in jail, Giuffre gave her first television interview to NBC News, where she claimed she was “trafficked to that prince”.
Later that year, after mounting public outcry, Andrew granted the BBC’s Newsnight programme an extraordinary interview that was widely seen as an embarrassment for the duke.
Speaking to Emily Maitlis, Andrew said it was not possible for him to have been at Maxwell’s property in London on the night in question in 2001. Instead, he said he was at home after attending a children’s party at Pizza Express in Woking.
He denied claims during the interview that he slept with Giuffre three times, saying: “I can absolutely, categorically tell you it never happened. I have no recollection of ever meeting this lady, none whatsoever.”
The disastrous reception to the interview prompted Andrew to “step back from public duties for the foreseeable future”.
In 2021, Giuffre sued Andrew in a New York court, accusing him of sexually abusing her at Epstein’s mansion in Manhattan and at other locations in 2001 when she was under the age of 18. The duke settled the case for an undisclosed sum in 2022.
A month before he settled the case, Andrew was stripped of his military roles and use of the title His Royal Highness. The eventual settlement did not include an admission of wrongdoing from the duke, and he has continued to deny the allegations against him.
Time has done little to repair Andrew’s public image. Last week, a rare public appearance at the royal family’s Easter Sunday service with King Charles sparked a fresh round of negative headlines.
Giuffre’s death has not only drawn tributes, but also expressions of sorrow over the circumstances. Last month, she announced on social media that she had days to live after being involved in a bus crash. The story was later clarified by Giuffre and those around her.
On Saturday, her family said she taken her own life at her farm in Western Australia.
Charlotte Proudman, a barrister and women’s rights campaigner, said on X: “Virginia Giuffre survived sex trafficking, fought for justice for over a decade, and gave voice to the silenced.
“She donated part of her $12m settlement to other victims. She has now taken her own life. The fight cost her everything. Never forget what this system does to women.”
As written by Tony Pentimalli on his FB and Bluesky pages in an essay entitled The Death of Virginia Giuffre: A Brutal Indictment of Power, Silence, and Cowardice; “Virginia Giuffre is dead. At 41, she ended her own life on a quiet farm in Neergabby, Western Australia, far from the glittering palaces and marble courtrooms where her abusers moved with impunity. Her death is not an isolated tragedy; it is the damning, predictable result of a world that punishes the wounded and worships the powerful.
She was trafficked as a teenager by Jeffrey Epstein, a man whose crimes were not secret — they were systemic, enabled, and indulged by presidents, princes, and billionaires. Bill Clinton, Donald Trump, Prince Andrew — men who orbited Epstein’s grotesque empire, whether through personal association, flights on his private jet, or appearances at his infamous gatherings. She was groomed by Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s chief recruiter, who was finally convicted decades too late. And she was forced into the company of Prince Andrew, a man so insulated by birth and wealth that even the stench of scandal could not penetrate his title.
Virginia named her abusers. She stood alone against a machine designed to protect them. And for that, she was dragged through the mud of public skepticism, media character assassination, and institutional cowardice. Tabloids like The Daily Mail and The Sun gleefully published character assassinations. American outlets — desperate for access to palace insiders — questioned her motives, her credibility, her worth.
Prince Andrew’s settlement with her in 2022 — for an undisclosed but undoubtedly massive sum — was not an admission of guilt, the lawyers insisted. But anyone with a shred of humanity understood what it was: an expensive non-apology, a desperate attempt to make the problem go away without ever facing the rot at the heart of the monarchy.
Epstein died under suspicious circumstances in a jail cell. Ghislaine Maxwell was arrested years later, her trial sanitized to avoid naming too many powerful names. Prince Andrew, stripped of some royal titles, still walks free, his reputation only slightly tarnished, his privileges largely intact. Justice has never been blind. For men like these, it has been their servant.
And Epstein’s “network”? It was vast — a sprawling ledger of politicians, academics, media moguls, financiers, and celebrities. His “little black book” was not a social curiosity; it was a map of systemic rot. Virginia Giuffre was not fighting a man. She was fighting an empire that spanned continents, governments, and industries.
Meanwhile, Virginia carried on. She founded SOAR (Speak Out, Act, Reclaim), dedicating herself to helping other survivors find their voices. She lived with the weight of trauma no settlement could erase. She tried to rebuild her life, even as the world that failed her every step of the way continued to heap burdens on her shoulders.
In her final months, she faced health struggles, a separation from her husband, and legal battles that sapped her spirit. Even then, few stopped to ask how many wounds a person can endure before they collapse under the strain.
Her death is not simply a suicide. It is an indictment.
It indicts the American justice system that let Epstein cut a plea deal in 2008 — a deal secretly negotiated behind closed doors by then-prosecutor Alexander Acosta, who would later be rewarded with a cabinet position. It indicts the British monarchy, which circled its wagons around Prince Andrew rather than acknowledging the suffering of a trafficked child. It indicts every media outlet that gleefully published sneering profiles of Virginia while tiptoeing around the crimes of the rich and powerful.
It indicts us.
Because we live in a world where victims must fight to be heard, where survival is seen as suspect, and where the burden of proof rests not on the predator, but on the prey.
And even after Epstein’s death, even after the fleeting outrage, what changed? How many more powerful men faced real consequences? How many institutions were dismantled? How quickly we moved on — congratulating ourselves for “raising awareness” while the machinery of exploitation quietly resumed its operation.
Virginia Giuffre’s death demands more than grief. It demands rage. It demands action.
We must name and shame the enablers. We must tear down the institutions that protected predators. We must refuse to consume media that smears survivors and shields abusers. We must strip titles, revoke honors, dismantle the myths of “great men” who built their power on the backs of the vulnerable.
If we mourn Virginia but change nothing, then her death was not just a tragedy — it was a sacrifice made on the altar of our own cowardice.
Virginia Giuffre is not a footnote. She is a mirror. Look into it. See the world that broke her. And if you have any conscience left, honor her by fighting like hell to build a world where no one else is broken like she was.”
As I wrote in my post of January 5 2024, Exposing Authority: Case of the Epstein Blackmail Files; Secret power is among the most terrible of all forms of unequal power, for it silences the witness of history by the powerless because they will not be believed. This is the true test of democracy and equality in any society; who has authority to bear witness?
And now a Pandora’s Box of evils and the hungry ghosts of the silenced and erased return to give us warning; a monster who defines the limits of the human has been exposed and his head mounted on our wall, but the systems of unequal power as Patriarchy and sexual terror of which he was a figure and apex predator remain to be deconstructed and transformed, and until that day of liberation we must unite in seizures of power and revolutionary struggle.
The first benefit of an open society is the right to be heard. Without this and other rights of freedom of information, there is no freedom for anyone, for we are all captives of power and authority.
This is the true crime of Epstein and of all such monsters; theft of the soul.
If we consider the principle that Silence Is Complicity together with its interdependent forces of falsification as kinds of unequal power, which include denial by forces of repression of the sacred calling to pursue the truth, of the right of witness as autonomy, of the Four Primary Duties of a Citizen to Question, Expose, Mock, and Challenge Authority, and of the dangers of division and the modern pathology of disconnectedness in isolating dissent, we see that regardless of the enormity and atrocities of gender unequality itself, it is part of a larger system of dehumanization by elite hegemonies of wealth, power, and privilege.
Herein we wander lost in a Wilderness of Mirrors; a phrase from T.S. Eliot’s Gerontin, which I use to describe the pathology of falsification of ourselves through propaganda, lies and illusions, rewritten histories, state secrets, alternate realities, authoritarian faith which devours truths. This I contrast with its opposite, journalism and the witness of history as the sacred quest to pursue the truth. We are made counterfeits of ourselves by systems of elite hegemonic power such as patriarchy, and by those who would enslave us, through capture of our stories as theft of the soul.
James Angleton, evil genius of the C.I.A.’s Counterintelligence Service on whom John Le Carre based his character of George Smiley, infamously used the phrase in this sense as well, and it has become universalized throughout the intelligence community he shaped and influenced during the Second World War and its aftermath the Cold War. Writing in reference to David Martin’s biography of himself entitled Wilderness of Mirrors, Angleton described it as a “myriad of stratagems, deceptions, artifices, and all the other devices of disinformation which the Soviet bloc and its coordinated intelligence services use to confuse and split the West … an ever fluid landscape where fact and illusion merge.” And of course, everything he ascribed to the Soviets was also true of himself, his own agency, and America as well, and of all states, for all are houses of illusion.
How does this help us understand the horrors, violence, and sexual terror of the Epstein Blackmail Files as examples of systemic oppression?
Secret power; secrets which can destroy a target or win leverage over him as a strategy of power, and which can be manufactured from trivial or spurious sources; Epstein used simple association with and compromise of the wealthy and powerful to create enormous wealth and power for himself. In this he was not simply the crime lord of a human trafficking syndicate, like his buddy Traitor Trump’s modeling agency-beauty pageant organized crime network, which both exploited teenage girls, but also had the services of Ghislaine Maxwell who succeeded her father in masterminding honeytrap operations for the KGB and Mossad among other customers. Epstein was a blackmailer who modeled his business on intelligence services, and this made him a very special kind of monster, a pedophile and sadist who had refined sexual terror to a science.
And all of that wealth and power, stolen from the lives of impoverished and vulnerable young girls, reveals to us the inherent unequal power of the system he typified; falsification in service to power and the patriarchal subjugation of women.
As I wrote in my post of September 6 2019, #metoo: the Crimes of Secret Power Require Broad and Systemic Collusion; Three interesting events which provide motivating and informing sources for the #metoo cultural and social transformation which is reshaping our civilization and ourselves are happening at about the same time; the start of a series of podcasts investigating the Jeffrey Epstein case, the release of Margaret Atwood’s new novel The Testaments, sequel to her visionary classic The Handmaid’s Tale, and the publication of a memoir by Chanel Miller, whose victim impact statement, read out in Congress and in a 60 minutes interview which will be broadcast on the 22nd of this month, was among the initial testimonies that broke the silence of sexual terror and opened the door for others to seek justice.
Power asymmetry alone cannot account for the regime of sexual terror which has enabled the patriarchy to hold a hegemony of power and privilege for most of human history; for this we must look to the inversion of moral values perpetrated by traditional religion as a tool of control. Shame, shunning, and the force of authorized public will, of the social ownership of identities of sex and gender; we have never really left the world of Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter.
Secrecy is the key precondition of abuse of power, and the crimes of secret power require broad and systemic collusion. This is especially true of sexual violence against women, which is only a crime under the rules of Patriarchy when it trespasses another man’s power of control, ownership, and territory, and is otherwise regarded as a means of control which maintains existing hierarchies of power. It is among a class of crimes which exist only when the values context of our social system is abrogated and at risk; and its meaning can change with shifting contexts from diversionary illusion to lynch mob rallying cry with serpentine swiftness. As with so many inequalities, the truth will set us free.
Set us free; I imagine we can spend a lot of time parsing that phrase. By the term us I do include both men and women, for the equality of relationships liberates both masters and slaves- and we must be clear that this is precisely the social order which the Patriarchy authorizes and maintains- from their former categories of being. Democracy requires equality of its citizens; how else can we function as co-owners of our government than as a free society of equals? How can we be free in our personal lives to forge authentic relationships if we do not possess the autonomy to choose our own identity and be whatever we discover to be our own best selves?
Men have been changed into swine not by the spell of Circe, whose magic revealed truths, but by the same disfigurement of the soul which has caught and dehumanized women; it is the system as social force and structural inequality which has robbed us of our humanity, and must be resisted. We are beasts, we humans, but we need not remain wholly so.
And herein lies the special magic and liberation of #metoo as a seizure of power; it confers the casting aside of masks others have made for us, and the claiming of those we choose for ourselves.
#metoo is a global coming out party for humankind.
As I wrote of the feminine reverse face of this issue, the dynamics of unequal power as Patriarchy, in my post of January 3 2022, Patriarchy and Sexual Terror: Case of the Ghislaine Maxwell Trial; Patriarchy and sexual terror are about power as expressed in the most atavistic way as subjugation and dehumanization of others; the power to turn people into things you can use. Patriarchy is about the theft of the soul.
Like the freaks in a carnival show, monsters define the limits of the human and help us establish normality and the tyranny of other people’s ideas of virtue. But this othering also grants immunity and permission as well as vilification and dehumanization of that which is different, for it allows us to ignore systemic evils and inequalities through constructions of personal responsibility derived from the doctrine of original sin and its basis in law as the innate depravity of man; here be monsters, not ourselves.
In the case of Ghislaine Maxwell and Jeffrey Epstein, serial predators whose crimes against humanity defy comprehension in the way that the Holocaust does as intrusive forces and atrocities beyond our frames of reference, the astounding scale and baroque abominations and perversions of their crimes offered concealment even as they were performed before a global audience of the wealthy and famous due to their manipulation of elite privilege and making their peers complicit as a strategy of blackmail.
This is how fascism operates, and its components patriarchy and racism; by making those who could bring them to justice complicit in their crimes. As Peter Carey said in regard to his novel A Long Way From Home; “You can’t be a white Australian writer and spend your whole life ignoring the greatest, most important aspect of our history, and that is that we – I – have been the beneficiaries of a genocide.”
If we are to challenge and bring a reckoning to patriarchy as systemic unequal power and as sexual terror, we must avoid othering its agents and perpetrators, for this enables the restoration not of balance but of our comfort with our own privilege.
There is a line spoken by the villain in the series The Magicians, a survivor of childhood abuse and tyrant known as The Beast for his horrific crimes, once the powerless and terrified boy Martin Chatwin and now a monstrous god; “You know, when I was a boy, a man who was meant to care for me bent me over his desk and had me over and over every time I was alone with him. It helps me understand a truth. You’re powerful or you’re weak. “
Here is the original lie of the tyrant and the fascist in the apologetics and self-justification of power; the lie that only power has meaning, that there is no good or evil. How we use power is of equal importance as who holds it. Fear and force are a primary means of human exchange, but not the only means; love, membership, and belonging are as important.
It’s a line which captures perfectly the inherent contradictions of the Wagnerian Ring of fear, power, and force as an origin of evil; for the use of social force is subversive of its own values. Yet the imposed conditions of revolutionary struggle often require violence, and until the gods of law and order have been cast down from their thrones I must agree with the famous dictum of Sartre in his 1948 play Dirty Hands, quoted by Frantz Fanon in his 1960 speech Why We Use Violence, and made immortal by Malcolm X; “by any means necessary.”
As written by Walter Rodney in The Groundings with my Brothers; “We were told that violence in itself is evil, and that, whatever the cause, it is unjustified morally. By what standard of morality can the violence used by a slave to break his chains be considered the same as the violence of a slave master? By what standards can we equate the violence of blacks who have been oppressed, suppressed, depressed and repressed for four centuries with the violence of white fascists. Violence aimed at the recovery of human dignity and at equality cannot be judged by the same yardstick as violence aimed at maintenance of discrimination and oppression.”
And here is the passage he references from Leon Trotsky in Their Morals and Ours: The Class Foundations of Moral Practice; “A slave-owner who through cunning and violence shackles a slave in chains, and a slave who through cunning or violence breaks the chains – let not the contemptible eunuchs tell us that they are equals before a court of morality!”
Yet in reflection I think of those great figures who have been both heroes of liberation and villains of tyranny; Napoleon, Washington, Stalin, Mao, the list is a near endless litany of woes and failures of vision wherein Brave New Worlds became hells and carceral states. In evidence I offer the Soviet Union, the Chinese Communist Party, the American and Napoleonic Empires, and above all the state of Israel, a dream of refuge forged in the terror of the Holocaust whose victims learned the wrong lessons from the Nazis and assumed their role in the Occupation of Palestine. The dangers of Idealism are very real, as Thomas Mann taught us in Death in Venice and Vladimir Nabokov in his reimagination of it as Lolita; but so are the dangers of submission to authority and the complicity of silence in the face of evil.
I am a hunter of fascists, and mine is a hunter’s morality. For me there is a simple test for the use of force; who holds power?
All those who hunt monsters must remember always Nietzsche’s warning in Beyond Good and Evil; “He who fights monsters should be careful lest he thereby become a monster. And if thou gaze long into an abyss, the abyss gazes back into thee.”
The other two hundred fifty or so criminals of the Epstein trafficking syndicate have thus far escaped a Reckoning, including Epstein’s buddy Trump and his blackmail target Prince Andrew, one which may never come at least through legal channels as the machine of unequal power, systems of oppression, and elite hegemonies of wealth, power, and privilege protects itself, and for this too we must bring a Reckoning and seizures of power which levels all classes and universalizes our human rights. Patriarchy is most profoundly un-American.
The trials of Ghislaine Maxwell and Jeffrey Epstein, like those of their fellow sexual terrorists Harvey Weinstein and Larry Nassar, are seizures of power as revolutionary struggle in which the victims refusal to be silenced has triumphed over the immunity of hegemonic elite wealth, power, and privilege; the Scarlet Letter has no power to shame women into submission through victim blaming in our society any longer, for in refusing to be silenced these courageous women have seized it as an instrument with which to dismantle the Patriarchy.
Force is brutal, terrible, but also fragile, for it fails at the point of defiance and disobedience. Enacting the role of the Jester of King Lear and the girl who cried “The king has no clothes”, parrhesia or what Foucault called truth telling, the witnesses of these iconic trials and of the historic turning of the tides of the #metoo movement have shown us all how to wage liberation and revolutionary struggle.
As Max Stirner wrote; “Freedom cannot be granted; it must be seized.”
As I wrote in my post of July 21 2020, How Patriarchy Works: Unequal Power, Identities of Sex and Gender, Autonomy Versus Authorization, Complicity and Responsibility, and the Social Use of Force; Here I began thinking about the murder of Vanessa Guillen, toxic masculinity and violence, and the military as an atavism of rape culture in tidy categories of Hegelian-Marxist history and the dialectics of revolutionary struggle, when I quickly realized that patriarchy is a spectrum disease which corrupts and subverts its victims and its perpetrators alike, and this is its true terror.
At the intersection of power asymmetries and identities of sex and gender lie issues of authorization versus autonomy, with crucial consequences for complicity and responsibility in our legal system which arbitrates the social use of force.
In her now classic work Ring of Power, Jean Shinoda Bolen interprets Wagner’s great opera in terms of patriarchal forces which dehumanize us because they cripple and steal our capacity to love. Of particular interest here is the figure of Brunhild as Daddy’s Avenger and victim of internalized oppression.
So I looked again, but this time not at the primary struggle for power and ownership between male perpetrator and female victim, but at two female monsters who are parallel figures as enablers and accomplices of sexual terror, Melania Trump and Ghislaine Maxwell.
Moreover they are characters embedded in fairytale narratives with which we are all familiar; the etiology of their disfigurement and monstrosity lies in the malign effects of inequality as a moral debasement and leprosy of the soul. For the study of such things I return to Margaret Atwood’s masterpiece Cat’s Eye, her novels Interlunar and Life Before Man, to the thematic companion volumes The Handmaid’s Tale and The Edible Woman, and to the foundational critical work by Sharon Rose Wilson, The Fairytale Sexual Politics of Margaret Atwood.
A study of Margaret Atwood is illuminating and instrumental to understanding the elements of patriarchy and the operations of its systems, especially in the context of female on female violence in secondary order power relations. Allow me to elaborate.
Cat’s Eye presents a narrator, Elaine Risley, who is a trapped Rapunzel in a world of ghosts, witches, cruel stepsisters, vanishing princes, and a merciful fairy godmother. The story draws ideas mainly from Anderson’s Snow Queen and Grimm’s Rapunzel, secondarily from Anderson’s Ice Maiden and Grimm’s Girl Without Hands.
Fearful door images echo Grimm’s Fitcher’s Bird; Risley’s dreams and visions are filled with images from medieval art, paintings of the Annunciation, Ascension, and the Virgin. The Hobgoblin’s fragmented mirror in The Snow Queen provides a metaphor of Atwood’s vision; mirrors, cameras, things that reflect but also capture and distort.
Of her characters, Cordelia from Shakespeare’s King Lear is among her finest; Mrs. Sneath is a cannibal goddess who resembles Baba Yaga and is linked to the figure of cat-headed Maat in this story.
Thematically Cat’s Eye is an investigation of the Rapunzel Syndrome; the wicked witch who imprisons her, the tower she is trapped in, a rescuer. Margaret Atwood’s driving conflicts are female-female, though her plots foreground sexual power and its political reflections.
Life Before Man offers The Wizard of Oz, The Nutcracker ballet, Anderson’s Snow Queen, a host of tales from Grimm including The Girl Without Hands, Rapunzel, Cinderella, Little Red Cap, Fitcher’s Bird, and The Robber Bridegroom. Secondary intertexts include Wilde’s Salome, Dante’s Inferno, Ovid’s Metamorphosis, Coleridge’s Kublai Khan, Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, Irving’s Sleepy Hollow, and Mother Goose rhymes, mainly Little Miss Muffet. It’s a sort of Grand Tour of our civilization and the history of our private inner space and the disastrous and grotesque ways we collide with each other. Also, wonderful and illuminating reading.
Interlunar reimagines Cocteau’s Orphee, the ballet Giselle, both the Grimm and Anne Sexton version of The White Snake, and the paintings of Hieronymus Bosch. Motifs include death, pestilence, filth, eating, power, the journey, healing, hands, blindness and vision. Themes of guilt and shame, love, destruction, sacredness, creation, fertility, and metamorphosis are to be found in this richly imagined novel.
The Edible Woman is a linked text with The Handmaid’s Tale; do read both together. Herein the main embedded stories are Hansel & Gretel, The Gingerbread Boy, Goldilocks, Alice in Wonderland, Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, and Rapunzel, and her protagonist Marion plays all of these roles as well as those of Little Red Cap, the Robber Bride, and Fitcher’s bride.
The Handmaid’s Tale gives a voice to Bilhah, the Biblical Handmaid, revisions Little Red Riding Hood as an extension of Angela Carter’s The Company of Wolves, and tells the story of the Christian disempowerment of the Goddess as presented in the great film The Red Shoes.
Margaret Atwood’s parodies of Grimm operate on three levels; thematic, images and motifs, and narrative structure. In The Handmaid’s Tale, we have themes of family and especially female-female conflict, gender and sexual power asymmetries, and the initiation and heroic journey. Motifs and images include dismemberment, cannibalism, fertility, labyrinths and paths, and all manner of disturbing sexual violence. Plot devices include a variety of character foils, doppelgangers, disguises and trickery of stolen and falsified identity.
Among Margaret Atwood’s Great Books, The Handmaid’s Tale is a universally known reference both because it has been taught for over a generation in every high school in America as a standard text and because of the extraordinary television series, arguably the most important series ever filmed. We teach it for the same reasons the show is popular; a visceral and gripping drama with unforgettable characters, a mesmerizing plot, and an immediate and accessible story which empowers and illuminates.
It depicts the brooding evil and vicious misogyny of Christianity and Fascism as two sides of the dynamic malaise of patriarchy and authority, as drawn directly from Arthur Miller’s The Crucible and Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter, but also from contemporary culture as it contains satires of identifiable public figures, organizations, and events. Serena is based on Phyllis Schlafly, and Gideon is the nation of Pat Robertson and the fundamentalists who seized control of the Republican Party around the time of the novel’s writing; Margaret Atwood’s motive in part was to sound an alarm at the dawn of the Fourth Reich and its threat to global democracy.
It remains to be seen whether the forces of tyranny or of liberty will prevail in the end. Each of our lives is a contest between these forces, our private struggles reflected in the society and human civilization we share.
And this is the great lesson and insight of Margaret Atwood; each of us is both a Handmaid and a Serena, trapped within the skin of the other. She locates the primary conflict within ourselves, and transposes the Jungian conflict between Anima and Animus with that of the Shadow in terms of sex, gender, and power.
So we return to our Brunhilds and twin monsters Melania Trump and Ghislaine Maxwell, who Janus-faced represent corruption and perversion, the dual spheres of action of feminine power turned against itself by the forces of patriarchy and shaped to the uses of predation and misogyny.
Melania’s message on the coat she wore to tour a migrant concentration camp, “I really don’t care. Do U?’ and Ghislaine’s self-description in Vanity Fair, “‘I do it the way Nazis did it with the Jews,” reflect the disease of power in its political and sexual contexts, and as a First Cause of both racist hate crimes and crimes of sexual terror. Unequal power is a precondition of them both.
And these are direct quotes from enablers and accomplices of crimes against humanity which define the limits of the human, and who are not marginal figures whose malign violations of our values and dehumanization of others occurred in a trailer park brothel or secret sweatshop of slave labor but at the pinnacle of our society’s ruling class. Their existence is an indictment of the flaws of our nation and of our civilization, and a measure of the distance we have yet to travel in the realization of a true free society of equals.
As Margaret Atwood said in her 2015 lecture to West Point cadets; “Nothing makes me more nervous than people who say, ‘It can’t happen here.’ Anything can happen anywhere, given the right circumstances.”
As written by Jonathan Freedland in his article in The Guardian entitled, The Ghislaine Maxwell case raises a question some may think naive: why?; “The Ghislaine Maxwell case raises so many questions, and yet scarcely discussed is the one that perhaps matters most. Naturally, there’s huge interest in whether Maxwell, convicted this week of recruiting and grooming teenage girls for sex with her one-time boyfriend Jeffrey Epstein, will seek to reduce her sentence by naming names – opening up the pair’s notorious little black book and telling prosecutors who else among the rich and powerful abused the vulnerable minors Maxwell trafficked for sex.
In Britain, much of that interest focuses on Epstein’s longtime pal, Prince Andrew, who was so close to the couple he invited them on visits to Balmoral, Sandringham and Windsor: it’s lucky the prince doesn’t sweat, because if he did, he might be drenched now. So far he has refused to answer US investigators’ questions – not for his own sake, you understand, but according to multiple reports, to save the Queen from embarrassment. Because a 61-year-old man hiding behind his 95-year-old mother would not be in the least bit mortifying.
There are other questions, such as: how many others enabled the travelling child abuse ring that Epstein and Maxwell operated, turning a blind eye to what was surely obvious? Or: when else would the BBC respond to the conviction of a child sex offender by interviewing a brother of the offender who refused to accept the verdict of the court? And how come that Today programme interview with Ian Maxwell came so soon after the BBC had given a platform to one of Epstein’s lawyers, presenting him as if he were merely a neutral expert?
All those questions matter, and yet the one that preys on my mind is more timeless. It’s the question that arises in all such cases of human cruelty yet which one hesitates to ask, lest the inquiry seem naive: why?
The coverage of Maxwell has probed that a bit, suggesting for example that Ghislaine Maxwell was conditioned, as the daughter of the publishing magnate Robert Maxwell, to cater to the whims of a monstrous man, and simply transferred her allegiance, and her service, from one monster to another. Growing up surrounded by wealth and power, where the deference of officialdom was taken for granted, would have had its effect too. Ghislaine Maxwell may well have assumed that people like her and Epstein were granted a special kind of impunity, that they could break the laws that restrained the appetites of lesser mortals, because for most of her life that had indeed been the case.
And yet, both those answers are unsatisfying as explanations. There are plenty of abusers who did not grow up with either a Maxwell-style father or Maxwell-level wealth and, conversely, there are people whose upbringings were comparable to Ghislaine Maxwell’s but who did not go on to commit terrible crimes.
So the why question lingers, just as it did in sharper and more horrific form at least twice in the last month alone. December 2021 began with convictions for the father and stepmother of Arthur Labinjo-Hughes in a case so appalling, I confess at the time I could barely read accounts of it. The six-year-old was subjected to a regime of sustained torture which was, incredibly, filmed by those who inflicted it. The little boy was made to stand in isolation for up to 14 hours at a time, without anything to eat or drink. He was beaten. To punish him, his father took the football shirts he loved and cut them to shreds in front of him. Perhaps most unbearable of all, the jury was shown footage of a weak and frail Arthur shortly before his death saying: “No one loves me. No one is going to feed me.”
When the man and woman guilty of destroying Arthur’s brief life were found guilty, there was revulsion, of course – and on Friday their sentences were referred to the court of appeal for being too lenient – but the public conversation moved without pause for breath to the policy implications. There was intense debate about the state of children’s services, about the damage done by austerity, about target-driven culture, about the recruitment and retention of social workers and so on. But what was missing was a much less sophisticated question. Why would two people do such terrible things to a defenceless child? How could a father cause such pain to his own flesh and blood?
There was a similar reflex 11 days later, following the verdicts in the equally soul-draining case of Star Hobson, a child, a baby really, who died at just 16 months, having been punched to death by her mother’s partner as her mother did nothing to save her. Once again, the pair filmed their months of cruelty against the little girl, apparently finding the videos amusing enough to send to friends. And yet the immediate talk was not of how two people could do such a thing, but of a local “child safeguarding practice review” and whether control of children’s services should belong with the local council or the Department for Education.
I understand the impulse to concentrate on these institutional, bureaucratic issues. The assumption is that there will always be people capable of horrendous brutality, that that fact will never change, and so the sensible focus of our attention should be on prevention. I get that. And yet the sheer speed with which we move to technocratic answers, barely even asking the harder human questions, begins to look like displacement activity. It’s as if we can’t bring ourselves to contemplate the puzzle of what humans are capable of, because we have no idea what we’d say.
Earlier, God-fearing generations did not find this so difficult. Nor do those who still have traditional faith. They have recourse to a vocabulary that includes the notion of evil and wickedness and that allows them to talk about it. But those words don’t trip so easily off the secular tongue.
Instead, we look for explanations in psychology or economics, assuming, to adapt Stephen Sondheim’s lyric, that if people are depraved it’s because they’re deprived, whether of love or money. That view persists. There was an echo of it in the closing argument from Maxwell’s defence lawyer, when she asked “why an Oxford-educated, proper English woman would suddenly agree to facilitate sex abuse of minors”. Only the poor or poorly educated behave badly.
We can see the flaw in such reasoning, even before you get to the insult it delivers to all those who endured great privation, emotional or material, without becoming abusers. And yet, the absence of easy answers does not give us a licence to stop asking hard questions. We need to be able to stare wicked acts and evil deeds in the face, rather than to comfort ourselves that they exist solely as functions of failed systems, errors that could be eliminated given the right policy tweak.
This need not be a bleak endeavour. I think of Julie K Brown, the Miami Herald reporter without whose fearless pursuit of Epstein’s crimes this week’s reckoning might never have come. I think of the courage of the victims, who kept up the fight for justice at great cost. Unfathomable evil is part of the human story, but so too is unimaginable good.”
Here is a short list of named Epstein associates, co-conspirators, and criminals complicit in sexual terror and pedophile trafficking among some 250 now unsealed from court records, with people involved in the case as trafficked persons, witnesses, investigators, doctors, lawyers, and reporters:
Source One
Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s former girlfriend, convicted in 2021 of sex trafficking in connection to Epstein’s activities
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, second son of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain. Brother of King Charles III
Bill Clinton, former US president
Donald Trump, businessman and former US president
Hillary Clinton, former first lady to Bill Clinton, US secretary of state under Barack Obama, and US presidential candidate
David Copperfield, American stage magician
John Connelly, New York police detective turned investigative journalist who investigated Epstein
Alan Dershowitz, prolific lawyer and media pundit who represented Epstein in 2006
Leonardo DiCaprio, actor and film producer famous for his roles in Titanic and Inception
Al Gore, former US vice president under Bill Clinton
Richard Branson, British billionaire and business magnate, founder of the Virgin Group
Stephen Hawking, British physicist and science author
Ehud Barak, former Israeli prime minister
Michael Jackson, famed musician known as the “King of Pop”
Marvin Minksy, artificial intelligence pioneer
Kevin Spacey, actor known for his roles in Se7en and House of Cards, found not guilty of sexual assault in 2023
George Lucas, American film director and creator of the Star Wars saga
Jean Luc Brunel, French model agency boss and alleged Epstein co-conspirator who died in an apparent suicide while awaiting trial
Cate Blanchett, Australian actor who starred in The Lord of the Rings and Tár
Naomi Campbell, British model
Heidi Klum, German-US model
Sharon Churcher, British journalist
Bruce Willis, actor famous for his roles in Die Hard and The Sixth Sense
Bianca Jagger, activist and wife of The Rolling Stones frontman, Sir Mick Jagger
Bill Richardson, former governor of New Mexico
Cameron Diaz, actor who starred in Shrek and There’s Something About Mary
Glenn Dubin, an American hedge fund manager who was allegedly friends with Epstein
Eva Andersson-Dubin, former Miss Sweden and wife of Glenn Dubin, who once dated Epstein
Noam Chomsky, linguist and political philosopher
Tom Pritzker, American tycoon and philanthropist
Chris Tucker, American comedian and actor known for his role in the Rush Hour films
Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York, former wife of Prince Andrew
Robert F Kennedy Jr, American politician and conspiracy theorist
James Michael Austrich
Juan and Maria Alessi, husband and wife working at Epstein’s home in Florida
Janusz Banasiak, served as Epstein’s Palm Beach house manager
Bella Klein or Klen (documents differ), a former accountant in Epstein’s New York office
Leslie or Lesley Groff (documents differ), Epstein’s former secretary, who was named as a co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal but reportedly will not be charged
Victoria Bean
Rebecca Boylan
Dana Burns
Ron Eppinger, sex trafficker
Daniel Estes
Annie Farmer, accused Epstein of sexual assault
Maria Farmer, Annie Farmer’s sister, who also accused Epstein of sexual assault
Anouska De Georgiou, a model who accused Epstein of rape
Louis Freeh, former director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Frédéric Fekkai, celebrity hairstylist
Alexandra Fekkai, son of celebrity hairstylist
Jo Jo Fontanella, Epstein’s butler
Doug Band, longtime Bill Clinton aide who says he urged Mr Clinton to cut ties with Epstein
Virginia Giuffre, formerly known as Virginia Roberts, accused Prince Andrew of sexual assault
Lynn Miller, mother of Virginia Giuffre
Crystal Figueroa, sister of Anthony Figueroa, who dated Virginia Giuffre in the early 2000s
Anthony Figueroa, Virginia Robert’s former boyfriend
Eric Gany
Meg Garvin, represented Virginia Giuffre
Sheridan Gibson-Butte,
Ross Gow, Maxwell’s press agent
Fred Graff
Robert Giuffre
Philip Guderyon
Alexandra Hall
Joanna Harrison
Shannon Harrison
Victoria Hazel
Brittany Henderson
Brett Jaffe
Forest Jones
Sarah Kellen, Epstein’s former assistant, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal
Adriana Ross, Epstein’s former assistant, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal
Carol Kess
Dr Steven Olson
Stephen Kaufmann
Wendy Leigh, author
Peter Listerman
Tom Lyons
Nadia Marcinkova, alleged friend of Epstein’s, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal
Bob Meister
Jamie Melanson
Donald Morrell
David Mullen
David Norr
Joe Pagano
May Paluga
Stanley Pottinger
Detective Joe Recarey, former Palm Beach police officer who investigated reports of sexual abuse against children by Epstein
Chief Michael Reiter, responsible for investigation of sexual abuse against children by Epstein
Rinaldo and Debra Rizzo, husband and wife who worked for Epstein’s alleged friend Glenn Dubin
Sky Roberts
Kimblerley Roberts
Lynn Roberts
Haley Robson, named as a “teen recruiter” for Epstein in police documents
Dave Rodgers, private jet pilot for Epstein
Alfredo Rodriquez, butler at Epstein’s Florida home
Scott Rothinson
Forest Sawyer
Dough Schoetlle,investigator
Johanna Sjoberg, claims she was sexually abused while underage by Epstein. Also claimed Prince Andrew touched her breast
Cecilia Stein
Marianne Strong
Mark Tafoya
Emmy Taylor, Maxwell’s ex-personal assistant
Brent Tindall
Kevin Thompson
Ed Tuttle
Les Wexner, founder of L Brands and a former business partner of Epstein
Abigail Wexner, wife of Les Wexner
Cresenda Valdes
Emma Vaghan
Anthony Valladares
Christina Venero, licensed massage therapist
Maritza Vazquez
Vicky Ward, investigative journalist and author who claims she was blocked from covering Epstein’s misdeeds while working at Vanity Fair
Jarred Weisfield
Sharon White
Courtney Wild
Daniel Wilson
Mark Zeff, New York decorator
Kelly Spamm, unknown person listed as flying on Epstein’s private jet
Alexandra Dixon, unknown person listed in Epstein’s ‘little black book’
Alfredo Rodriguez, Epstein’s former household manager, jailed in 2012 for hiding and trying to sell Epstein’s ‘black book’
Ricardo Legorreta, Mexican designer listed as a passenger on Epstein’s private jet
Dr Chris Donahue, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre, included on a list of all her previous medical providers requested by Maxwell’s defence team
Dr Wah Wah, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Judith Lightfoot, psychologist who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Karen Kutikoff, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Carol Hayek, psychiatrist who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr John Harris, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Darshanee Majaliyana, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr John Harris, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Mona Devansean, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Scott Robert Geiger, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Dr Michele Streeter, physician who treated Virginia Giuffre
Donna Oliver, physician assistant who treated Virginia Giuffre.
As Listed By Source Two, Yahoo article
Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s former girlfriend, convicted in 2021 of sex trafficking in connection to Epstein’s activities
Prince Andrew, Duke of York, second son of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain. Brother of King Charles III
Bill Clinton, former US president listed on flight logs
President Donald Trump listed on flight logs and in Epstein’s book
Marla Maples, the former wife of Donald Trump listed on flight logs
Tiffany Trump, the daughter of Marla Maples and Donald Trump listed on flight logs
Alan Dershowitz, prolific lawyer and media pundit who represented Epstein in 2006 listed on flight logs and in Epstein’s book
Jean Luc Brunel, French model agency boss and alleged Epstein co-conspirator who died in an apparent suicide while awaiting trial
Michael Jackson, famed musician known as the “King of Pop” named in Epstein’s book
Marvin Minksy, artificial intelligence pioneer listed on flight logs
Naomi Campbell, British model listed on flight logs
Courtney Love, American singer named in Epstein’s book
Mick Jagger, English musician and frontman of the The Rolling Stones named in Epstein’s book
Bill Richardson, former governor of New Mexico named in Epstein’s book
Glenn Dubin, an American hedge fund manager who was allegedly friends with Epstein listed on flight logs and named in Epstein’s book
Eva Andersson-Dubin, former Miss Sweden and wife of Glenn Dubin, who once dated Epstein listed on flight logs and named in Epstein’s book
Tom Pritzker, American tycoon and philanthropist listed on flight logs
Chris Tucker, American comedian and actor known for his role in the Rush Hour films named in Epstein’s book
Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York, former wife of Prince Andrew listed on flight logs
Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Secretary of Health and Human Services named in Epstein’s book
Mary Kennedy, the late wife of Robert F. Kennedy Jr. named in Epstein’s book
Dana Burns listed on flight logs
Frédéric Fekkai, celebrity hairstylist listed on flight logs and named in Epstein’s book
Alexandra Fekkai, son of celebrity hairstylist listed on flight logs and named in Epstein’s book
Jo Jo Fontanella, Epstein’s butler listed on flight logs
Doug Band, longtime Bill Clinton aide who says he urged Clinton to cut ties with Epstein listed on flight logs
Virginia Giuffre, formerly known as Virginia Roberts, accused Prince Andrew of sexual assault
Eric Gany named in Epstein’s book
Sheridan Gibson-Butte listed on flight logs
Shelly Harrison listed on flight logs
Victoria Hazell listed on flight logs
Forest Sawyer listed on flight logs
Sarah Kellen, Epstein’s former assistant, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal listed on flight logs
Adriana Mucinska, formerly Ross, Epstein’s former assistant, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal listed on flight logs
Peter Marino, listed on flight logs
Nadia Marcinkova, alleged friend of Epstein’s, named as an unindicted co-conspirator in his 2008 plea deal listed on flight logs
David Mullen, listed on flight logs
Joe Pagano, listed on flight logs
Kristy Rodgers, listed on flight logs
Patsy Rodgers, listed on flight logs
Mark Epstein, brother of Jeffrey Epstein listed on flight logs
Emmy Taylor, Maxwell’s ex-personal assistant listed on flight logs
Brent Tindall, chef for Epstein listed on flight logs
Ed Tuttle, listed on flight logs
Les Wexner, founder of L Brands and a former business partner of Epstein, named in Epstein’s book
Abigail Wexner, wife of Les Wexner, named in Epstein’s book
Cresencia Valdez, listed on flight logs
Maritza Vasquez, former bookkeeper for Jean-Luc Brunel, listed on flight logs
Sharon Reynolds, listed on flight logs
Courtney Wild, listed on flight logs
Mark Zeff, New York decorator, named in Epstein’s book
Kelly Spamm, listed on flight logs
Alexandra Dixon, listed on flight logs
Ricardo Legoretta, Mexican designer, listed on flight logs
Epstein files: Full list of names in disgraced financier’s contact book
*Tony Pentimalli is a political analyst and commentator fighting for democracy, economic justice, and social equity. Follow him for sharp analysis and hard-hitting critiques on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100070286948364
and BlueSky https://bsky.app/profile/tonywriteshere.bsky.social
Virginia Giuffre hailed as ‘fierce warrior’ for women, who ‘gave voice to the silenced’
Ghislaine Maxwell more evil than Epstein, says Virginia Giuffre
Who was Jeffrey Epstein and what are the court documents about?
A-list names in Epstein documents cache but what prospect of charges?
Prince Andrew, Clinton, Hawking: what do the Epstein documents say about key people?
Jeffrey Epstein’s elite circle was huge. What do the documents show about his lifestyle and $580m fortune?
Unsealed Jeffrey Epstein court papers – read document in full
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/03/jeffrey-epstein-documents-list-pdf
Margaret Atwood on the true history that inspired The Handmaid’s Tale
Gerontin, by T.S. Eliot
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/47254/gerontion
Wilderness of Mirrors: Intrigue, Deception, and the Secrets that Destroyed Two of the Cold War’s Most Important Agents, by David C. Martin
The Magicians Netflix telenovella
https://themagicians.fandom.com/wiki/The_Beast
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jan/15/a-long-way-from-home-peter-carey-review
